Dictionary 5 - Vedic Library by ISVARA.org

yah — anyone who; mam — Me; ajam — unborn; anadim — without beginning; ca — also; vetti — knows; loka — of the planets; maha-isvaram — the supreme master; asammudhah — undeluded; sah — he; martyesu — among those subject to death; sarva-papaih — from all sinful reactions; pramucyate — is delivered.

buddhih — intelligence; jnanam — knowledge; asammohah — freedom from doubt; ksama — forgiveness; satyam — truthfulness; damah — control of the senses; samah — control of the mind; sukham — happiness; duhkham — distress; bhavah — birth; abhavah — death; bhayam — fear; ca — also; abhayam — fearlessness; eva — also; ca — and; ahimsa — nonviolence; samata — equilibrium; tustih — satisfaction; tapah — penance; danam — charity; yasah — fame; ayasah — infamy; bhavanti — come about; bhavah — natures; bhutanam — of living entities; mattah — from Me; eva — certainly; prthak-vidhah — variously arranged.

maha-rsayah — the great sages; sapta — seven; purve — before; catvarah — four; manavah — Manus; tatha — also; mat-bhavah — born of Me; manasah — from the mind; jatah — born; yesam — of them; loke — in the world; imah — all this; prajah — population.

etam — all this; vibhutim — opulence; yogam — mystic power; ca — also; mama — of Mine; yah — anyone who; vetti — knows; tattvatah — factually; sah — he; avikalpena — without division; yogena — in devotional service; yujyate — is engaged; na — never; atra — here; samsayah — doubt.

aham — I; sarvasya — of all; prabhavah — the source of generation; mattah — from Me; sarvam — everything; pravartate — emanates; iti — thus; matva — knowing; bhajante — become devoted; mam — unto Me; budhah — the learned; bhava-samanvitah — with great attention.

mat-cittah — their minds fully engaged in Me; mat-gata-pranah — their lives devoted to Me; bodhayantah — preaching; parasparam — among themselves; kathayantah — talking; ca — also; mam — about Me; nityam — perpetually; tusyanti — become pleased; ca — also; ramanti — enjoy transcendental bliss; ca — also.

tesam — unto them; satata-yuktanam — always engaged; bhajatam — in rendering devotional service; priti-purvakam — in loving ecstasy; dadami — I give; buddhi-yogam — real intelligence; tam — that; yena — by which; mam — unto Me; upayanti — come; te — they.

tesam — for them; eva — certainly; anukampa-artham — to show special mercy; aham — I; ajnana-jam — due to ignorance; tamah — darkness; nasayami — dispel; atma-bhava — within their hearts; sthah — situated; jnana — of knowledge; dipena — with the lamp; bhasvata — glowing.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; param — supreme; brahma — truth; param — supreme; dhama — sustenance; pavitram — pure; paramam — supreme; bhavan — You; purusam — personality; sasvatam — eternal; divyam — transcendental; adi-devam — the original Lord; ajam — unborn; vibhum — greatest; ahuh — say; tvam — of You; rsayah — sages; sarve — all; deva-rsih — the sage among the demigods; naradah — Narada; tatha — also; asitah — Asita; devalah — Devala; vyasah — Vyasa; svayam — personally; ca — also; eva — certainly; bravisi — You are explaining; me — unto me.

sarvam — all; etat — this; rtam — truth; manye — I accept; yat — which; mam — unto me; vadasi — You tell; kesava — O Krsna; na — never; hi — certainly; te — Your; bhagavan — O Personality of Godhead; vyaktim — revelation; viduh — can know; devah — the demigods; na — nor; danavah — the demons.

svayam — personally; eva — certainly; atmana — by Yourself; atmanam — Yourself; vettha — know; tvam — You; purusa-uttama — O greatest of all persons; bhuta-bhavana — O origin of everything; bhuta-isa — O Lord of everything; deva-deva — O Lord of all demigods; jagat-pate — O Lord of the entire universe.

vaktum — to say; arhasi — You deserve; asesena — in detail; divyah — divine; hi — certainly; atma — Your own; vibhutayah — opulences; yabhih — by which; vibhutibhih — opulences; lokan — all the planets; iman — these; tvam — You; vyapya — pervading; tisthasi — remain.

katham — how; vidyam aham — shall I know; yogin — O supreme mystic; tvam — You; sada — always; paricintayan — thinking of; kesu — in which; kesu — in which; ca — also; bhavesu — natures; cintyah asi — You are to be remembered; bhagavan — O Supreme; maya — by me.

vistarena — in detail; atmanah — Your; yogam — mystic power; vibhutim — opulences; ca — also; jana-ardana — O killer of the atheists; bhuyah — again; kathaya — describe; trptih — satisfaction; hi — certainly; srnvatah — hearing; na asti — there is not; me — my; amrtam — nectar.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; hanta — yes; te — unto you; kathayisyami — I shall speak; divyah — divine; hi — certainly; atma-vibhutayah — personal opulences; pradhanyatah — which are principal; kuru-srestha — O best of the Kurus; na asti — there is not; antah — limit; vistarasya — to the extent; me — My.

aham — I; atma — the soul; gudakesa — O Arjuna; sarva-bhuta — of all living entities; asaya-sthitah — situated within the heart; aham — I am; adih — the origin; ca — also; madhyam — middle; ca — also; bhutanam — of all living entities; antah — end; eva — certainly; ca — and.

adityanam — of the Adityas; aham — I am; visnuh — the Supreme Lord; jyotisam — of all luminaries; ravih — the sun; amsuman — radiant; maricih — Marici; marutam — of the Maruts; asmi — I am; naksatranam — of the stars; aham — I am; sasi — the moon.

vedanam — of all the Vedas; sama-vedah — the Sama Veda; asmi — I am; devanam — of all the demigods; asmi — I am; vasavah — the heavenly king; indriyanam — of all the senses; manah — the mind; ca — also; asmi — I am; bhutanam — of all living entities; asmi — I am; cetana — the living force.

rudranam — of all the Rudras; sankarah — Lord Siva; ca — also; asmi — I am; vitta-isah — the lord of the treasury of the demigods; yaksa-raksasam — of the Yaksas and Raksasas; vasunam — of the Vasus; pavakah — ﬁre; ca — also; asmi — I am; meruh — Meru; sikharinam — of all mountains; aham — I am.

purodhasam — of all priests; ca — also; mukhyam — the chief; mam — Me; viddhi — understand; partha — O son of Prtha; brhaspatim — Brhaspati; senaninam — of all commanders; aham — I am; skandah — Karttikeya; sarasam — of all reservoirs of water; asmi — I am; sagarah — the ocean.

maha-rsinam — among the great sages; bhrguh — Bhrgu; aham — I am; giram — of vibrations; asmi — I am; ekam aksaram — pranava; yajnanam — of sacriﬁces; japa-yajnah — chanting; asmi — I am; sthavaranam — of immovable things; himalayah — the Himalayan mountains.

asvatthah — the banyan tree; sarva-vrksanam — of all trees; deva-rsinam — of all the sages amongst the demigods; ca — and; naradah — Narada; gandharvanam — of the citizens of the Gandharva planet; citrarathah — Citraratha; siddhanam — of all those who are perfected; kapilah munih — Kapila Muni.

uccaihsravasam — Uccaihsrava; asvanam — among horses; viddhi — know; mam — Me; amrta-udbhavam — produced from the churning of the ocean; airavatam — Airavata; gaja-indranam — of lordly elephants; naranam — among human beings; ca — and; nara-adhipam — the king.

ayudhanam — of all weapons; aham — I am; vajram — the thunderbolt; dhenunam — of cows; asmi — I am; kama-dhuk — the surabhi cow; prajanah — the cause for begetting children; ca — and; asmi — I am; kandarpah — Cupid; sarpanam — of serpents; asmi — I am; vasukih — Vasuki.

anantah — Ananta; ca — also; asmi — I am; naganam — of the many-hooded serpents; varunah — the demigod controlling the water; yadasam — of all aquatics; aham — I am; pitrnam — of the ancestors; aryama — Aryama; ca — also; asmi — I am; yamah — the controller of death; samyamatam — of all regulators; aham — I am.

prahladah — Prahlada; ca — also; asmi — I am; daityanam — of the demons; kalah — time; kalayatam — of subduers; aham — I am; mrganam — of animals; ca — and; mrga-indrah — the lion; aham — I am; vainateyah — Garuda; ca — also; paksinam — of birds.

pavanah — the wind; pavatam — of all that puriﬁes; asmi — I am; ramah — Rama; sastra-bhrtam — of the carriers of weapons; aham — I am; jhasanam — of all ﬁsh; makarah — the shark; ca — also; asmi — I am; srotasam — of ﬂowing rivers; asmi — I am; jahnavi — the river Ganges.

sarganam — of all creations; adih — the beginning; antah — end; ca — and; madhyam — middle; ca — also; eva — certainly; aham — I am; arjuna — O Arjuna; adhyatma-vidya — spiritual knowledge; vidyanam — of all education; vadah — the natural conclusion; pravadatam — of arguments; aham — I am.

aksaranam — of letters; a-karah — the ﬁrst letter; asmi — I am; dvandvah — the dual; samasikasya — of compounds; ca — and; aham — I am; eva — certainly; aksayah — eternal; kalah — time; dhata — the creator; aham — I am; visvatah-mukhah — Brahma.

mrtyuh — death; sarva-harah — all-devouring; ca — also; aham — I am; udbhavah — generation; ca — also; bhavisyatam — of future manifestations; kirtih — fame; srih — opulence or beauty; vak — ﬁne speech; ca — also; narinam — of women; smrtih — memory; medha — intelligence; dhrtih — ﬁrmness; ksama — patience.

brhat-sama — the Brhat-sama; tatha — also; samnam — of the Sama Veda songs; gayatri — the Gayatri hymns; chandasam — of all poetry; aham — I am; masanam — of months; marga-sirsah — the month of November-December; aham — I am; rtunam — of all seasons; kusuma-akarah — spring.

dyutam — gambling; chalayatam — of all cheats; asmi — I am; tejah — the splendor; tejasvinam — of everything splendid; aham — I am; jayah — victory; asmi — I am; vyavasayah — enterprise or adventure; asmi — I am; sattvam — the strength; sattva-vatam — of the strong; aham — I am.

vrsninam — of the descendants of Vrsni; vasudevah — Krsna in Dvaraka; asmi — I am; pandavanam — of the Pandavas; dhanam-jayah — Arjuna; muninam — of the sages; api — also; aham — I am; vyasah — Vyasa, the compiler of all Vedic literature; kavinam — of all great thinkers; usana — Usana; kavih — the thinker.

dandah — punishment; damayatam — of all means of suppression; asmi — I am; nitih — morality; asmi — I am; jigisatam — of those who seek victory; maunam — silence; ca — and; eva — also; asmi — I am; guhyanam — of secrets; jnanam — knowledge; jnana-vatam — of the wise; aham — I am.

yat — whatever; ca — also; api — may be; sarva-bhutanam — of all creations; bijam — seed; tat — that; aham — I am; arjuna — O Arjuna; na — not; tat — that; asti — there is; vina — without; yat — which; syat — exists; maya — Me; bhutam — created being; cara-acaram — moving and nonmoving.

na — nor; antah — a limit; asti — there is; mama — My; divyanam — of the divine; vibhutinam — opulences; param-tapa — O conqueror of the enemies; esah — all this; tu — but; uddesatah — as examples; proktah — spoken; vibhuteh — of opulences; vistarah — the expanse; maya — by Me.

yat yat — whatever; vibhuti — opulences; mat — having; sattvam — existence; sri-mat — beautiful; urjitam — glorious; eva — certainly; va — or; tat tat — all those; eva — certainly; avagaccha — must know; tvam — you; mama — My; tejah — of the splendor; amsa — a part; sambhavam — born of.

atha va — or; bahuna — many; etena — by this kind; kim — what; jnatena — by knowing; tava — your; arjuna — O Arjuna; vistabhya — pervading; aham — I; idam — this; krtsnam — entire; eka — by one; amsena — part; sthitah — am situated; jagat — universe.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; mat-anugrahaya — just to show me favor; paramam — supreme; guhyam — conﬁdential subject; adhyatma — spiritual; samjnitam — in the matter of; yat — what; tvaya — by You; uktam — said; vacah — words; tena — by that; mohah — illusion; ayam — this; vigatah — is removed; mama — my.

bhava — appearance; apyayau — disappearance; hi — certainly; bhutanam — of all living entities; srutau — have been heard; vistarasah — in detail; maya — by me; tvattah — from You; kamala-patra-aksa — O lotus-eyed one; mahatmyam — glories; api — also; ca — and; avyayam — inexhaustible.

evam — thus; etat — this; yatha — as it is; attha — have spoken; tvam — You; atmanam — Yourself; parama-isvara — O Supreme Lord; drastum — to see; icchami — I wish; te — Your; rupam — form; aisvaram — divine; purusa-uttama — O best of personalities.

manyase — You think; yadi — if; tat — that; sakyam — is able; maya — by me; drastum — to be seen; iti — thus; prabho — O Lord; yoga-isvara — O Lord of all mystic power; tatah — then; me — unto me; tvam — You; darsaya — show; atmanam — Your Self; avyayam — eternal.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; pasya — just see; me — My; partha — O son of Prtha; rupani — forms; satasah — hundreds; atha — also; sahasrasah — thousands; nana-vidhani — variegated; divyani — divine; nana — variegated; varna — colors; akrtini — forms; ca — also.

pasya — see; adityan — the twelve sons of Aditi; vasun — the eight Vasus; rudran — the eleven forms of Rudra; asvinau — the two Asvinis; marutah — the forty-nine Maruts (demigods of the wind); tatha — also; bahuni — many; adrsta — that you have not seen; purvani — before; pasya — see; ascaryani — all the wonders; bharata — O best of the Bharatas.

iha — in this; eka-stham — in one place; jagat — the universe; krtsnam — completely; pasya — see; adya — immediately; sa — with; cara — the moving; acaram — and not moving; mama — My; dehe — in this body; gudakesa — O Arjuna; yat — that which; ca — also; anyat — other; drastum — to see; icchasi — you wish.

na — never; tu — but; mam — Me; sakyase — are able; drastum — to see; anena — with these; eva — certainly; sva-caksusa — your own eyes; divyam — divine; dadami — I give; te — to you; caksuh — eyes; pasya — see; me — My; yogam aisvaram — inconceivable mystic power.

sanjayah uvaca — Sanjaya said; evam — thus; uktva — saying; tatah — thereafter; rajan — O King; maha-yoga-isvarah — the most powerful mystic; harih — the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna; darsayam asa — showed; parthaya — unto Arjuna; paramam — the divine; rupam aisvaram — universal form.

aneka — various; vaktra — mouths; nayanam — eyes; aneka — various; adbhuta — wonderful; darsanam — sights; aneka — many; divya — divine; abharanam — ornaments; divya — divine; aneka — various; udyata — uplifted; ayudham — weapons; divya — divine; malya — garlands; ambara — dresses; dharam — wearing; divya — divine; gandha — fragrances; anulepanam — smeared with; sarva — all; ascarya-mayam — wonderful; devam — shining; anantam — unlimited; visvatah-mukham — all-pervading.

divi — in the sky; surya — of suns; sahasrasya — of many thousands; bhavet — there were; yugapat — simultaneously; utthita — present; yadi — if; bhah — light; sadrsi — like that; sa — that; syat — might be; bhasah — effulgence; tasya — of Him; maha-atmanah — the great Lord.

tatra — there; eka-stham — in one place; jagat — the universe; krtsnam — complete; pravibhaktam — divided; anekadha — into many; apasyat — could see; deva-devasya — of the Supreme Personality of Godhead; sarire — in the universal form; pandavah — Arjuna; tada — at that time.

tatah — thereafter; sah — he; vismaya-avistah — being overwhelmed with wonder; hrsta-roma — with his bodily hairs standing on end due to his great ecstasy; dhanam-jayah — Arjuna; pranamya — offering obeisances; sirasa — with the head; devam — to the Supreme Personality of Godhead; krta-anjalih — with folded hands; abhasata — began to speak.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; pasyami — I see; devan — all the demigods; tava — Your; deva — O Lord; dehe — in the body; sarvan — all; tatha — also; bhuta — living entities; visesa-sanghan — speciﬁcally assembled; brahmanam — Lord Brahma; isam — Lord Siva; kamala-asana-stham — sitting on the lotus ﬂower; rsin — great sages; ca — also; sarvan — all; uragan — serpents; ca — also; divyan — divine.

aneka — many; bahu — arms; udara — bellies; vaktra — mouths; netram — eyes; pasyami — I see; tvam — You; sarvatah — on all sides; ananta-rupam — unlimited form; na antam — no end; na madhyam — no middle; na punah — nor again; tava — Your; adim — beginning; pasyami — I see; visva-isvara — O Lord of the universe; visva-rupa — in the form of the universe.

kiritinam — with helmets; gadinam — with maces; cakrinam — with discs; ca — and; tejah-rasim — effulgence; sarvatah — on all sides; dipti-mantam — glowing; pasyami — I see; tvam — You; durniriksyam — difﬁcult to see; samantat — everywhere; dipta-anala — blazing ﬁre; arka — of the sun; dyutim — the sunshine; aprameyam — immeasurable.

tvam — You; aksaram — the infallible; paramam — supreme; veditavyam — to be understood; tvam — You; asya — of this; visvasya — universe; param — supreme; nidhanam — basis; tvam — You; avyayah — inexhaustible; sasvata-dharma-gopta — maintainer of the eternal religion; sanatanah — eternal; tvam — You; purusah — the Supreme Personality; matah me — this is my opinion.

anadi — without beginning; madhya — middle; antam — or end; ananta — unlimited; viryam — glories; ananta — unlimited; bahum — arms; sasi — the moon; surya — and sun; netram — eyes; pasyami — I see; tvam — You; dipta — blazing; hutasa-vaktram — ﬁre coming out of Your mouth; sva-tejasa — by Your radiance; visvam — universe; idam — this; tapantam — heating.

dyau — from outer space; a-prthivyoh — to the earth; idam — this; antaram — between; hi — certainly; vyaptam — pervaded; tvaya — by You; ekena — alone; disah — directions; ca — and; sarvah — all; drstva — by seeing; adbhutam — wonderful; rupam — form; ugram — terrible; tava — Your; idam — this; loka — the planetary systems; trayam — three; pravyathitam — perturbed; maha-atman — O great one.

ami — all those; hi — certainly; tvam — You; sura-sanghah — groups of demigods; visanti — are entering; kecit — some of them; bhitah — out of fear; pranjalayah — with folded hands; grnanti — are offering prayers; svasti — all peace; iti — thus; uktva — speaking; maha-rsi — great sages; siddha-sanghah — perfect beings; stuvanti — are singing hymns; tvam — unto You; stutibhih — with prayers; puskalabhih — Vedic hymns.

rudra — manifestations of Lord Siva; adityah — the Adityas; vasavah — the Vasus; ye — all those; ca — and; sadhyah — the Sadhyas; visve — the Visvedevas; asvinau — the Asvini-kumaras; marutah — the Maruts; ca — and; usma-pah — the forefathers; ca — and; gandharva — of the Gandharvas; yaksa — the Yaksas; asura — the demons; siddha — and the perfected demigods; sanghah — the assemblies; viksante — are beholding; tvam — You; vismitah — in wonder; ca — also; eva — certainly; sarve — all.

nabhah-sprsam — touching the sky; diptam — glowing; aneka — many; varnam — colors; vyatta — open; ananam — mouths; dipta — glowing; visala — very great; netram — eyes; drstva — seeing; hi — certainly; tvam — You; pravyathita — perturbed; antah — within; atma — soul; dhrtim — steadiness; na — not; vindami — I have; samam — mental tranquillity; ca — also; visno — O Lord Visnu.

damstra — teeth; karalani — terrible; ca — also; te — Your; mukhani — faces; drstva — seeing; eva — thus; kala-anala — the ﬁre of death; sannibhani — as if; disah — the directions; na — not; jane — I know; na — not; labhe — I obtain; ca — and; sarma — grace; prasida — be pleased; deva-isa — O Lord of all lords; jagat-nivasa — O refuge of the worlds.

ami — these; ca — also; tvam — You; dhrtarastrasya — of Dhrtarastra; putrah — the sons; sarve — all; saha — with; eva — indeed; avani-pala — of warrior kings; sanghaih — the groups; bhismah — Bhismadeva; dronah — Dronacarya; suta-putrah — Karna; tatha — also; asau — that; saha — with; asmadiyaih — our; api — also; yodha-mukhyaih — chiefs among the warriors; vaktrani — mouths; te — Your; tvaramanah — rushing; visanti — are entering; damstra — teeth; karalani — terrible; bhayanakani — very fearful; kecit — some of them; vilagnah — becoming attached; dasana-antaresu — between the teeth; sandrsyante — are seen; curnitaih — with smashed; uttama-angaih — heads.

yatha — as; nadinam — of the rivers; bahavah — the many; ambu-vegah — waves of the waters; samudram — the ocean; eva — certainly; abhimukhah — towards; dravanti — glide; tatha — similarly; tava — Your; ami — all these; nara-loka-virah — kings of human society; visanti — are entering; vaktrani — the mouths; abhivijvalanti — and are blazing.

yatha — as; pradiptam — blazing; jvalanam — a ﬁre; patangah — moths; visanti — enter; nasaya — for destruction; samrddha — with full; vegah — speed; tatha eva — similarly; nasaya — for destruction; visanti — are entering; lokah — all people; tava — Your; api — also; vaktrani — mouths; samrddha-vegah — with full speed.

lelihyase — You are licking; grasamanah — devouring; samantat — from all directions; lokan — people; samagran — all; vadanaih — by the mouths; jvaladbhih — blazing; tejobhih — by effulgence; apurya — covering; jagat — the universe; samagram — all; bhasah — rays; tava — Your; ugrah — terrible; pratapanti — are scorching; visno — O all-pervading Lord.

akhyahi — please explain; me — unto me; kah — who; bhavan — You; ugra-rupah — ﬁerce form; namah astu — obeisances; te — unto You; deva-vara — O great one amongst the demigods; prasida — be gracious; vijnatum — to know; icchami — I wish; bhavantam — You; adyam — the original; na — not; hi — certainly; prajanami — do I know; tava — Your; pravrttim — mission.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Personality of Godhead said; kalah — time; asmi — I am; loka — of the worlds; ksaya-krt — the destroyer; pravrddhah — great; lokan — all people; samahartum — in destroying; iha — in this world; pravrttah — engaged; rte — without, except for; api — even; tvam — you; na — never; bhavisyanti — will be; sarve — all; ye — who; avasthitah — situated; prati-anikesu — on the opposite sides; yodhah — the soldiers.

tasmat — therefore; tvam — you; uttistha — get up; yasah — fame; labhasva — gain; jitva — conquering; satrun — enemies; bhunksva — enjoy; rajyam — kingdom; samrddham — ﬂourishing; maya — by Me; eva — certainly; ete — all these; nihatah — killed; purvam eva — by previous arrangement; nimitta-matram — just the cause; bhava — become; savya-sacin — O Savyasaci.

dronam ca — also Drona; bhismam ca — also Bhisma; jayadratham ca — also Jayadratha; karnam — Karna; tatha — also; anyan — others; api — certainly; yodha-viran — great warriors; maya — by Me; hatan — already killed; tvam — you; jahi — destroy; ma — do not; vyathisthah — be disturbed; yudhyasva — just ﬁght; jeta asi — you will conquer; rane — in the ﬁght; sapatnan — enemies.

sanjayah uvaca — Sanjaya said; etat — thus; srutva — hearing; vacanam — the speech; kesavasya — of Krsna; krta-anjalih — with folded hands; vepamanah — trembling; kiriti — Arjuna; namaskrtva — offering obeisances; bhuyah — again; eva — also; aha — said; krsnam — unto Krsna; sa-gadgadam — with a faltering voice; bhita-bhitah — fearful; pranamya — offering obeisances.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; sthane — rightly; hrsika-isa — O master of all senses; tava — Your; prakirtya — by the glories; jagat — the entire world; prahrsyati — is rejoicing; anurajyate — is becoming attached; ca — and; raksamsi — the demons; bhitani — out of fear; disah — in all directions; dravanti — are ﬂeeing; sarve — all; namasyanti — are offering respects; ca — also; siddha-sanghah — the perfect human beings.

kasmat — why; ca — also; te — unto You; na — not; nameran — they should offer proper obeisances; maha-atman — O great one; gariyase — who are better; brahmanah — than Brahma; api — although; adi-kartre — to the supreme creator; ananta — O unlimited; deva-isa — O God of the gods; jagat-nivasa — O refuge of the universe; tvam — You are; aksaram — imperishable; sat-asat — to cause and effect; tat param — transcendental; yat — because.

tvam — You; adi-devah — the original Supreme God; purusah — personality; puranah — old; tvam — You; asya — of this; visvasya — universe; param — transcendental; nidhanam — refuge; vetta — the knower; asi — You are; vedyam — the knowable; ca — and; param — transcendental; ca — and; dhama — refuge; tvaya — by You; tatam — pervaded; visvam — the universe; ananta-rupa — O unlimited form.

vayuh — air; yamah — the controller; agnih — ﬁre; varunah — water; sasa-ankah — the moon; prajapatih — Brahma; tvam — You; prapitamahah — the great-grandfather; ca — also; namah — my respects; namah — again my respects; te — unto You; astu — let there be; sahasra-krtvah — a thousand times; punah ca — and again; bhuyah — again; api — also; namah — offering my respects; namah te — offering my respects unto You.

namah — offering obeisances; purastat — from the front; atha — also; prsthatah — from behind; te — unto You; namah astu — I offer my respects; te — unto You; sarvatah — from all sides; eva — indeed; sarva — because You are everything; ananta-virya — unlimited potency; amita-vikramah — and unlimited force; tvam — You; sarvam — everything; samapnosi — You cover; tatah — therefore; asi — You are; sarvah — everything.

sakha — friend; iti — thus; matva — thinking; prasabham — presumptuously; yat — whatever; uktam — said; he krsna — O Krsna; he yadava — O Yadava; he sakhe — O my dear friend; iti — thus; ajanata — without knowing; mahimanam — glories; tava — Your; idam — this; maya — by me; pramadat — out of foolishness; pranayena — out of love; va api — either; yat — whatever; ca — also; avahasa-artham — for joking; asat-krtah — dishonored; asi — You have been; vihara — in relaxation; sayya — in lying down; asana — in sitting; bhojanesu — or while eating together; ekah — alone; atha va — or; api — also; acyuta — O infallible one; tat-samaksam — among companions; tat — all those; ksamaye — ask forgiveness; tvam — from You; aham — I; aprameyam — immeasurable.

pita — the father; asi — You are; lokasya — of all the world; cara — moving; acarasya — and nonmoving; tvam — You are; asya — of this; pujyah — worshipable; ca — also; guruh — master; gariyan — glorious; na — never; tvat-samah — equal to You; asti — there is; abhyadhikah — greater; kutah — how is it possible; anyah — other; loka-traye — in the three planetary systems; api — also; apratima-prabhava — O immeasurable power.

tasmat — therefore; pranamya — offering obeisances; pranidhaya — laying down; kayam — the body; prasadaye — to beg mercy; tvam — unto You; aham — I; isam — unto the Supreme Lord; idyam — worshipable; pita iva — like a father; putrasya — with a son; sakha iva — like a friend; sakhyuh — with a friend; priyah — a lover; priyayah — with the dearmost; arhasi — You should; deva — my Lord; sodhum — tolerate.

adrsta-purvam — never seen before; hrsitah — gladdened; asmi — I am; drstva — by seeing; bhayena — out of fear; ca — also; pravyathitam — perturbed; manah — mind; me — my; tat — that; eva — certainly; me — unto me; darsaya — show; deva — O Lord; rupam — the form; prasida — just be gracious; deva-isa — O Lord of lords; jagat-nivasa — O refuge of the universe.

kiritinam — with helmet; gadinam — with club; cakra-hastam — disc in hand; icchami — I wish; tvam — You; drastum — to see; aham — I; tatha eva — in that position; tena eva — in that; rupena — form; catuh-bhujena — four-handed; sahasra-baho — O thousand-handed one; bhava — just become; visva-murte — O universal form.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; maya — by Me; prasannena — happily; tava — unto you; arjuna — O Arjuna; idam — this; rupam — form; param — transcendental; darsitam — shown; atma-yogat — by My internal potency; tejah-mayam — full of effulgence; visvam — the entire universe; anantam — unlimited; adyam — original; yat — that which; me — My; tvat anyena — besides you; na drsta-purvam — no one has previously seen.

na — never; veda-yajna — by sacriﬁce; adhyayanaih — or Vedic study; na — never; danaih — by charity; na — never; ca — also; kriyabhih — by pious activities; na — never; tapobhih — by serious penances; ugraih — severe; evam-rupah — in this form; sakyah — can; aham — I; nr-loke — in this material world; drastum — be seen; tvat — than you; anyena — by another; kuru-pravira — O best among the Kuru warriors.

ma — let it not be; te — unto you; vyatha — trouble; ma — let it not be; ca — also; vimudha-bhavah — bewilderment; drstva — by seeing; rupam — form; ghoram — horrible; idrk — as it is; mama — My; idam — this; vyapeta-bhih — free from all fear; prita-manah — pleased in mind; punah — again; tvam — you; tat — that; eva — thus; me — My; rupam — form; idam — this; prapasya — just see.

sanjayah uvaca — Sanjaya said; iti — thus; arjunam — unto Arjuna; vasudevah — Krsna; tatha — in that way; uktva — speaking; svakam — His own; rupam — form; darsayam asa — showed; bhuyah — again; asvasayam asa — encouraged; ca — also; bhitam — fearful; enam — him; bhutva — becoming; punah — again; saumya-vapuh — the beautiful form; maha-atma — the great one.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; drstva — seeing; idam — this; manusam — human; rupam — form; tava — Your; saumyam — very beautiful; janardana — O chastiser of the enemies; idanim — now; asmi — I am; samvrttah — settled; sa-cetah — in my consciousness; prakrtim — to my own nature; gatah — returned.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; su-durdarsam — very difﬁcult to see; idam — this; rupam — form; drstavan asi — as you have seen; yat — which; mama — of Mine; devah — the demigods; api — also; asya — this; rupasya — form; nityam — eternally; darsana-kanksinah — aspiring to see.

na — never; aham — I; vedaih — by study of the Vedas; na — never; tapasa — by serious penances; na — never; danena — by charity; na — never; ca — also; ijyaya — by worship; sakyah — it is possible; evam-vidhah — like this; drastum — to see; drstavan — seeing; asi — you are; mam — Me; yatha — as.

bhaktya — by devotional service; tu — but; ananyaya — without being mixed with fruitive activities or speculative knowledge; sakyah — possible; aham — I; evam-vidhah — like this; arjuna — O Arjuna; jnatum — to know; drastum — to see; ca — and; tattvena — in fact; pravestum — to enter into; ca — also; param-tapa — O subduer of the enemy.

mat-karma-krt — engaged in doing My work; mat-paramah — considering Me the Supreme; mat-bhaktah — engaged in My devotional service; sanga-varjitah — freed from the contamination of fruitive activities and mental speculation; nirvairah — without an enemy; sarva-bhutesu — among all living entities; yah — one who; sah — he; mam — unto Me; eti — comes; pandava — O son of Pandu.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; evam — thus; satata — always; yuktah — engaged; ye — those who; bhaktah — devotees; tvam — You; paryupasate — properly worship; ye — those who; ca — also; api — again; aksaram — beyond the senses; avyaktam — the unmanifested; tesam — of them; ke — who; yoga-vit-tamah — the most perfect in knowledge of yoga.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; mayi — upon Me; avesya — ﬁxing; manah — the mind; ye — those who; mam — Me; nitya — always; yuktah — engaged; upasate — worship; sraddhaya — with faith; paraya — transcendental; upetah — endowed; te — they; me — by Me; yukta-tamah — most perfect in yoga; matah — are considered.

ye — those who; tu — but; aksaram — that which is beyond the perception of the senses; anirdesyam — indeﬁnite; avyaktam — unmanifested; paryupasate — completely engage in worshiping; sarvatra-gam — all-pervading; acintyam — inconceivable; ca — also; kuta-stham — unchanging; acalam — immovable; dhruvam — ﬁxed; sanniyamya — controlling; indriya-gramam — all the senses; sarvatra — everywhere; sama-buddhayah — equally disposed; te — they; prapnuvanti — achieve; mam — Me; eva — certainly; sarva-bhuta-hite — for the welfare of all living entities; ratah — engaged.

klesah — trouble; adhika-tarah — very much; tesam — of them; avyakta — to the unmanifested; asakta — attached; cetasam — of those whose minds; avyakta — toward the unmanifested; hi — certainly; gatih — progress; duhkham — with trouble; deha-vadbhih — by the embodied; avapyate — is achieved.

ye — those who; tu — but; sarvani — all; karmani — activities; mayi — unto Me; sannyasya — giving up; mat-parah — being attached to Me; ananyena — without division; eva — certainly; yogena — by practice of such bhakti-yoga; mam — upon Me; dhyayantah — meditating; upasate — worship; tesam — of them; aham — I; samuddharta — the deliverer; mrtyu — of death; samsara — in material existence; sagarat — from the ocean; bhavami — I become; na — not; cirat — after a long time; partha — O son of Prtha; mayi — upon Me; avesita — ﬁxed; cetasam — of those whose minds.

mayi — upon Me; eva — certainly; manah — mind; adhatsva — ﬁx; mayi — upon Me; buddhim — intelligence; nivesaya — apply; nivasisyasi — you will live; mayi — in Me; eva — certainly; atah urdhvam — thereafter; na — never; samsayah — doubt.

atha — if, therefore; cittam — mind; samadhatum — to ﬁx; na — not; saknosi — you are able; mayi — upon Me; sthiram — steadily; abhyasa-yogena — by the practice of devotional service; tatah — then; mam — Me; iccha — desire; aptum — to get; dhanam-jaya — O winner of wealth, Arjuna.

abhyase — in practice; api — even if; asamarthah — unable; asi — you are; mat-karma — My work; paramah — dedicated to; bhava — become; mat-artham — for My sake; api — even; karmani — work; kurvan — performing; siddhim — perfection; avapsyasi — you will achieve.

atha — even though; etat — this; api — also; asaktah — unable; asi — you are; kartum — to perform; mat — unto Me; yogam — in devotional service; asritah — taking refuge; sarva-karma — of all activities; phala — of the results; tyagam — renunciation; tatah — then; kuru — do; yata-atma-van — self-situated.

sreyah — better; hi — certainly; jnanam — knowledge; abhyasat — than practice; jnanat — than knowledge; dhyanam — meditation; visisyate — is considered better; dhyanat — than meditation; karma-phala-tyagah — renunciation of the results of fruitive action; tyagat — by such renunciation; santih — peace; anantaram — thereafter.

advesta — nonenvious; sarva-bhutanam — toward all living entities; maitrah — friendly; karunah — kindly; eva — certainly; ca — also; nirmamah — with no sense of proprietorship; nirahankarah — without false ego; sama — equal; duhkha — in distress; sukhah — and happiness; ksami — forgiving; santustah — satisﬁed; satatam — always; yogi — one engaged in devotion; yata-atma — self-controlled; drdha-niscayah — with determination; mayi — upon Me; arpita — engaged; manah — mind; buddhih — and intelligence; yah — one who; mat-bhaktah — My devotee; sah — he; me — to Me; priyah — dear.

yasmat — from whom; na — never; udvijate — are agitated; lokah — people; lokat — from people; na — never; udvijate — is disturbed; ca — also; yah — anyone who; harsa — from happiness; amarsa — distress; bhaya — fear; udvegaih — and anxiety; muktah — freed; yah — who; sah — anyone; ca — also; me — to Me; priyah — very dear.

anapeksah — neutral; sucih — pure; daksah — expert; udasinah — free from care; gata-vyathah — freed from all distress; sarva-arambha — of all endeavors; parityagi — renouncer; yah — anyone who; mat-bhaktah — My devotee; sah — he; me — to Me; priyah — very dear.

yah — one who; na — never; hrsyati — takes pleasure; na — never; dvesti — grieves; na — never; socati — laments; na — never; kanksati — desires; subha — of the auspicious; asubha — and the inauspicious; parityagi — renouncer; bhakti-man — devotee; yah — one who; sah — he is; me — to Me; priyah — dear.

samah — equal; satrau — to an enemy; ca — also; mitre — to a friend; ca — also; tatha — so; mana — in honor; apamanayoh — and dishonor; sita — in cold; usna — heat; sukha — happiness; duhkhesu — and distress; samah — equipoised; sanga-vivarjitah — free from all association; tulya — equal; ninda — in defamation; stutih — and repute; mauni — silent; santustah — satisﬁed; yena kenacit — with anything; aniketah — having no residence; sthira — ﬁxed; matih — determination; bhakti-man — engaged in devotion; me — to Me; priyah — dear; narah — a man.

ye — those who; tu — but; dharma — of religion; amrtam — nectar; idam — this; yatha — as; uktam — said; paryupasate — completely engage; sraddadhanah — with faith; mat-paramah — taking Me, the Supreme Lord, as everything; bhaktah — devotees; te — they; ativa — very, very; me — to Me; priyah — dear.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; prakrtim — nature; purusam — the enjoyer; ca — also; eva — certainly; ksetram — the ﬁeld; ksetra-jnam — the knower of the ﬁeld; eva — certainly; ca — also; etat — all this; veditum — to understand; icchami — I wish; jnanam — knowledge; jneyam — the object of knowledge; ca — also; kesava — O Krsna; sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Personality of Godhead said; idam — this; sariram — body; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; ksetram — the ﬁeld; iti — thus; abhidhiyate — is called; etat — this; yah — one who; vetti — knows; tam — he; prahuh — is called; ksetra-jnah — the knower of the ﬁeld; iti — thus; tat-vidah — by those who know this.

ksetra-jnam — the knower of the ﬁeld; ca — also; api — certainly; mam — Me; viddhi — know; sarva — all; ksetresu — in bodily ﬁelds; bharata — O son of Bharata; ksetra — the ﬁeld of activities (the body); ksetra-jnayoh — and the knower of the ﬁeld; jnanam — knowledge of; yat — that which; tat — that; jnanam — knowledge; matam — opinion; mama — My.

tat — that; ksetram — ﬁeld of activities; yat — what; ca — also; yadrk — as it is; ca — also; yat — having what; vikari — changes; yatah — from which; ca — also; yat — what; sah — he; ca — also; yah — who; yat — having what; prabhavah — inﬂuence; ca — also; tat — that; samasena — in summary; me — from Me; srnu — understand.

rsibhih — by the wise sages; bahudha — in many ways; gitam — described; chandobhih — by Vedic hymns; vividhaih — various; prthak — variously; brahma-sutra — of the Vedanta; padaih — by the aphorisms; ca — also; eva — certainly; hetu-madbhih — with cause and effect; viniscitaih — certain.

maha-bhutani — the great elements; ahankarah — false ego; buddhih — intelligence; avyaktam — the unmanifested; eva — certainly; ca — also; indriyani — the senses; dasa-ekam — eleven; ca — also; panca — ﬁve; ca — also; indriya-go-carah — the objects of the senses; iccha — desire; dvesah — hatred; sukham — happiness; duhkham — distress; sanghatah — the aggregate; cetana — living symptoms; dhrtih — conviction; etat — all this; ksetram — the ﬁeld of activities; samasena — in summary; sa-vikaram — with interactions; udahrtam — exempliﬁed.

amanitvam — humility; adambhitvam — pridelessness; ahimsa — nonviolence; ksantih — tolerance; arjavam — simplicity; acarya-upasanam — approaching a bona ﬁde spiritual master; saucam — cleanliness; sthairyam — steadfastness; atma-vinigrahah — self-control; indriya-arthesu — in the matter of the senses; vairagyam — renunciation; anahankarah — being without false egoism; eva — certainly; ca — also; janma — of birth; mrtyu — death; jara — old age; vyadhi — and disease; duhkha — of the distress; dosa — the fault; anudarsanam — observing; asaktih — being without attachment; anabhisvangah — being without association; putra — for son; dara — wife; grha-adisu — home, etc; nityam — constant; ca — also; sama-cittatvam — equilibrium; ista — the desirable; anista — and undesirable; upapattisu — having obtained; mayi — unto Me; ca — also; ananya-yogena — by unalloyed devotional service; bhaktih — devotion; avyabhicarini — without any break; vivikta — to solitary; desa — places; sevitvam — aspiring; aratih — being without attachment; jana-samsadi — to people in general; adhyatma — pertaining to the self; jnana — in knowledge; nityatvam — constancy; tattva-jnana — of knowledge of the truth; artha — for the object; darsanam — philosophy; etat — all this; jnanam — knowledge; iti — thus; proktam — declared; ajnanam — ignorance; yat — that which; atah — from this; anyatha — other.

jneyam — the knowable; yat — which; tat — that; pravaksyami — I shall now explain; yat — which; jnatva — knowing; amrtam — nectar; asnute — one tastes; anadi — beginningless; mat-param — subordinate to Me; brahma — spirit; na — neither; sat — cause; tat — that; na — nor; asat — effect; ucyate — is said to be.

sarvatah — everywhere; pani — hands; padam — legs; tat — that; sarvatah — everywhere; aksi — eyes; sirah — heads; mukham — faces; sarvatah — everywhere; sruti-mat — having ears; loke — in the world; sarvam — everything; avrtya — covering; tisthati — exists.

sarva — of all; indriya — senses; guna — of the qualities; abhasam — the original source; sarva — all; indriya — senses; vivarjitam — being without; asaktam — without attachment; sarva-bhrt — the maintainer of everyone; ca — also; eva — certainly; nirgunam — without material qualities; guna-bhoktr — master of the gunas; ca — also.

bahih — outside; antah — inside; ca — also; bhutanam — of all living entities; acaram — not moving; caram — moving; eva — also; ca — and; suksmatvat — on account of being subtle; tat — that; avijneyam — unknowable; dura-stham — far away; ca — also; antike — near; ca — and; tat — that.

avibhaktam — without division; ca — also; bhutesu — in all living beings; vibhaktam — divided; iva — as if; ca — also; sthitam — situated; bhuta-bhartr — the maintainer of all living entities; ca — also; tat — that; jneyam — to be understood; grasisnu — devouring; prabhavisnu — developing; ca — also.

jyotisam — in all luminous objects; api — also; tat — that; jyotih — the source of light; tamasah — the darkness; param — beyond; ucyate — is said; jnanam — knowledge; jneyam — to be known; jnana-gamyam — to be approached by knowledge; hrdi — in the heart; sarvasya — of everyone; visthitam — situated.

iti — thus; ksetram — the ﬁeld of activities (the body); tatha — also; jnanam — knowledge; jneyam — the knowable; ca — also; uktam — described; samasatah — in summary; mat-bhaktah — My devotee; etat — all this; vijnaya — after understanding; mat-bhavaya — to My nature; upapadyate — attains.

prakrtim — material nature; purusam — the living entities; ca — also; eva — certainly; viddhi — you must know; anadi — without beginning; ubhau — both; api — also; vikaran — transformations; ca — also; gunan — the three modes of nature; ca — also; eva — certainly; viddhi — know; prakrti — material nature; sambhavan — produced of.

karya — of effect; karana — and cause; kartrtve — in the matter of creation; hetuh — the instrument; prakrtih — material nature; ucyate — is said to be; purusah — the living entity; sukha — of happiness; duhkhanam — and distress; bhoktrtve — in enjoyment; hetuh — the instrument; ucyate — is said to be.

purusah — the living entity; prakrti-sthah — being situated in the material energy; hi — certainly; bhunkte — enjoys; prakrti-jan — produced by the material nature; gunan — the modes of nature; karanam — the cause; guna-sangah — the association with the modes of nature; asya — of the living entity; sat-asat — in good and bad; yoni — species of life; janmasu — in births.

upadrasta — overseer; anumanta — permitter; ca — also; bharta — master; bhokta — supreme enjoyer; maha-isvarah — the Supreme Lord; parama-atma — the Supersoul; iti — also; ca — and; api — indeed; uktah — is said; dehe — in the body; asmin — this; purusah — enjoyer; parah — transcendental.

yah — anyone who; evam — thus; vetti — understands; purusam — the living entity; prakrtim — material nature; ca — and; gunaih — the modes of material nature; saha — with; sarvatha — in all ways; vartamanah — being situated; api — in spite of; na — never; sah — he; bhuyah — again; abhijayate — takes his birth.

dhyanena — by meditation; atmani — within the self; pasyanti — see; kecit — some; atmanam — the Supersoul; atmana — by the mind; anye — others; sankhyena — of philosophical discussion; yogena — by the yoga system; karma-yogena — by activities without fruitive desire; ca — also; apare — others.

anye — others; tu — but; evam — thus; ajanantah — without spiritual knowledge; srutva — by hearing; anyebhyah — from others; upasate — begin to worship; te — they; api — also; ca — and; atitaranti — transcend; eva — certainly; mrtyum — the path of death; sruti-parayanah — inclined to the process of hearing.

yavat — whatever; sanjayate — comes into being; kincit — anything; sattvam — existence; sthavara — not moving; jangamam — moving; ksetra — of the body; ksetra-jna — and the knower of the body; samyogat — by the union between; tat viddhi — you must know it; bharata-rsabha — O chief of the Bharatas.

samam — equally; sarvesu — in all; bhutesu — living entities; tisthan tam — residing; parama-isvaram — the Supersoul; vinasyatsu — in the destructible; avinasyantam — not destroyed; yah — anyone who; pasyati — sees; sah — he; pasyati — actually sees.

samam — equally; pasyan — seeing; hi — certainly; sarvatra — everywhere; samavasthitam — equally situated; isvaram — the Supersoul; na — does not; hinasti — degrade; atmana — by the mind; atmanam — the soul; tatah — then; yati — reaches; param — the transcendental; gatim — destination.

prakrtya — by material nature; eva — certainly; ca — also; karmani — activities; kriyamanani — being performed; sarvasah — in all respects; yah — anyone who; pasyati — sees; tatha — also; atmanam — himself; akartaram — the nondoer; sah — he; pasyati — sees perfectly.

yada — when; bhuta — of living entities; prthak-bhavam — separated identities; eka-stham — situated in one; anupasyati — one tries to see through authority; tatah eva — thereafter; ca — also; vistaram — the expansion; brahma — the Absolute; sampadyate — he attains; tada — at that time.

anaditvat — due to eternity; nirgunatvat — due to being transcendental; parama — beyond material nature; atma — spirit; ayam — this; avyayah — inexhaustible; sarira-sthah — dwelling in the body; api — though; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; na karoti — never does anything; na lipyate — nor is he entangled.

yatha — as; sarva-gatam — all-pervading; sauksmyat — due to being subtle; akasam — the sky; na — never; upalipyate — mixes; sarvatra — everywhere; avasthitah — situated; dehe — in the body; tatha — so; atma — the self; na — never; upalipyate — mixes.

yatha — as; prakasayati — illuminates; ekah — one; krtsnam — the whole; lokam — universe; imam — this; ravih — sun; ksetram — this body; ksetri — the soul; tatha — similarly; krtsnam — all; prakasayati — illuminates; bharata — O son of Bharata.

ksetra — of the body; ksetra-jnayoh — of the proprietor of the body; evam — thus; antaram — the difference; jnana-caksusa — by the vision of knowledge; bhuta — of the living entity; prakrti — from material nature; moksam — the liberation; ca — also; ye — those who; viduh — know; yanti — approach; te — they; param — the Supreme.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; param — transcendental; bhuyah — again; pravaksyami — I shall speak; jnananam — of all knowledge; jnanam — knowledge; uttamam — the supreme; yat — which; jnatva — knowing; munayah — the sages; sarve — all; param — transcendental; siddhim — perfection; itah — from this world; gatah — attained.

idam — this; jnanam — knowledge; upasritya — taking shelter of; mama — My; sadharmyam — same nature; agatah — having attained; sarge api — even in the creation; na — never; upajayante — are born; pralaye — in the annihilation; na — nor; vyathanti — are disturbed; ca — also.

mama — My; yonih — source of birth; mahat — the total material existence; brahma — supreme; tasmin — in that; garbham — pregnancy; dadhami — create; aham — I; sambhavah — the possibility; sarva-bhutanam — of all living entities; tatah — thereafter; bhavati — becomes; bharata — O son of Bharata.

sarva-yonisu — in all species of life; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; murtayah — forms; sambhavanti — they appear; yah — which; tasam — of all of them; brahma — the supreme; mahat yonih — source of birth in the material substance; aham — I; bija-pradah — the seed-giving; pita — father.

sattvam — the mode of goodness; rajah — the mode of passion; tamah — the mode of ignorance; iti — thus; gunah — the qualities; prakrti — material nature; sambhavah — produced of; nibadhnanti — do condition; maha-baho — O mighty-armed one; dehe — in this body; dehinam — the living entity; avyayam — eternal.

tatra — there; sattvam — the mode of goodness; nirmalatvat — being purest in the material world; prakasakam — illuminating; anamayam — without any sinful reaction; sukha — with happiness; sangena — by association; badhnati — conditions; jnana — with knowledge; sangena — by association; ca — also; anagha — O sinless one.

rajah — the mode of passion; raga-atmakam — born of desire or lust; viddhi — know; trsna — with hankering; sanga — association; samudbhavam — produced of; tat — that; nibadhnati — binds; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; karma-sangena — by association with fruitive activity; dehinam — the embodied.

tamah — the mode of ignorance; tu — but; ajnana-jam — produced of ignorance; viddhi — know; mohanam — the delusion; sarva-dehinam — of all embodied beings; pramada — with madness; alasya — indolence; nidrabhih — and sleep; tat — that; nibadhnati — binds; bharata — O son of Bharata.

sattvam — the mode of goodness; sukhe — in happiness; sanjayati — binds; rajah — the mode of passion; karmani — in fruitive activity; bharata — O son of Bharata; jnanam — knowledge; avrtya — covering; tu — but; tamah — the mode of ignorance; pramade — in madness; sanjayati — binds; uta — it is said.

rajah — the mode of passion; tamah — the mode of ignorance; ca — also; abhibhuya — surpassing; sattvam — the mode of goodness; bhavati — becomes prominent; bharata — O son of Bharata; rajah — the mode of passion; sattvam — the mode of goodness; tamah — the mode of ignorance; ca — also; eva — like that; tamah — the mode of ignorance; sattvam — the mode of goodness; rajah — the mode of passion; tatha — thus.

sarva-dvaresu — in all the gates; dehe asmin — in this body; prakasah — the quality of illumination; upajayate — develops; jnanam — knowledge; yada — when; tada — at that time; vidyat — know; vivrddham — increased; sattvam — the mode of goodness; iti uta — thus it is said.

lobhah — greed; pravrttih — activity; arambhah — endeavor; karmanam — in activities; asamah — uncontrollable; sprha — desire; rajasi — of the mode of passion; etani — all these; jayante — develop; vivrddhe — when there is an excess; bharata-rsabha — O chief of the descendants of Bharata.

aprakasah — darkness; apravrttih — inactivity; ca — and; pramadah — madness; mohah — illusion; eva — certainly; ca — also; tamasi — the mode of ignorance; etani — these; jayante — are manifested; vivrddhe — when developed; kuru-nandana — O son of Kuru.

yada — when; sattve — the mode of goodness; pravrddhe — developed; tu — but; pralayam — dissolution; yati — goes; deha-bhrt — the embodied; tada — at that time; uttama-vidam — of the great sages; lokan — the planets; amalan — pure; pratipadyate — attains.

rajasi — in passion; pralayam — dissolution; gatva — attaining; karma-sangisu — in the association of those engaged in fruitive activities; jayate — takes birth; tatha — similarly; pralinah — being dissolved; tamasi — in ignorance; mudha-yonisu — in animal species; jayate — takes birth.

karmanah — of work; su-krtasya — pious; ahuh — is said; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness; nirmalam — puriﬁed; phalam — the result; rajasah — of the mode of passion; tu — but; phalam — the result; duhkham — misery; ajnanam — nonsense; tamasah — of the mode of ignorance; phalam — the result.

sattvat — from the mode of goodness; sanjayate — develops; jnanam — knowledge; rajasah — from the mode of passion; lobhah — greed; eva — certainly; ca — also; pramada — madness; mohau — and illusion; tamasah — from the mode of ignorance; bhavatah — develop; ajnanam — nonsense; eva — certainly; ca — also.

urdhvam — upwards; gacchanti — go; sattva-sthah — those situated in the mode of goodness; madhye — in the middle; tisthanti — dwell; rajasah — those situated in the mode of passion; jaghanya — of abominable; guna — quality; vrtti-sthah — whose occupation; adhah — down; gacchanti — go; tamasah — persons in the mode of ignorance.

na — no; anyam — other; gunebhyah — than the qualities; kartaram — performer; yada — when; drasta — a seer; anupasyati — sees properly; gunebhyah — to the modes of nature; ca — and; param — transcendental; vetti — knows; mat-bhavam — to My spiritual nature; sah — he; adhigacchati — is promoted.

gunan — qualities; etan — all these; atitya — transcending; trin — three; dehi — the embodied; deha — the body; samudbhavan — produced of; janma — of birth; mrtyu — death; jara — and old age; duhkhaih — the distresses; vimuktah — being freed from; amrtam — nectar; asnute — he enjoys.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; kaih — by which; lingaih — symptoms; trin — three; gunan — qualities; etan — all these; atitah — having transcended; bhavati — is; prabho — O my Lord; kim — what; acarah — behavior; katham — how; ca — also; etan — these; trin — three; gunan — qualities; ativartate — transcends.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said;
prakasam — illumination; ca — and; pravrttim — attachment; ca — and; moham — illusion; eva ca — also; pandava — O son of Pandu; na dvesti — does not hate; sampravrttani — although developed; na nivrttani — nor stopping development; kanksati — desires;

udasina-vat — as if neutral; asinah — situated; gunaih — by the qualities; yah — one who; na — never; vicalyate — is agitated; gunah — the qualities; vartante — are acting; iti evam — knowing thus; yah — one who; avatisthati — remains; na — never; ingate — ﬂickers;

sama — equal; duhkha — in distress; sukhah — and happiness; sva-sthah — being situated in himself; sama — equally; losta — a lump of earth; asma — stone; kancanah — gold; tulya — equally disposed; priya — to the dear; apriyah — and the undesirable; dhirah — steady; tulya — equal; ninda — in defamation; atma-samstutih — and praise of himself;

mana — in honor; apamanayoh — and dishonor; tulyah — equal; tulyah — equal; mitra — of friends; ari — and enemies; paksayoh — to the parties; sarva — of all; arambha — endeavors; parityagi — renouncer; guna-atitah — transcendental to the material modes of nature; sah — he; ucyate — is said to be.

mam — unto Me; ca — also; yah — a person who; avyabhicarena — without fail; bhakti-yogena — by devotional service; sevate — renders service; sah — he; gunan — the modes of material nature; samatitya — transcending; etan — all these; brahma-bhuyaya — elevated to the Brahman platform; kalpate — becomes.

brahmanah — of the impersonal brahma-jyotir; hi — certainly; pratistha — the rest; aham — I am; amrtasya — of the immortal; avyayasya — of the imperishable; ca — also; sasvatasya — of the eternal; ca — and; dharmasya — of the constitutional position; sukhasya — of happiness; aikantikasya — ultimate; ca — also.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; urdhva-mulam — with roots above; adhah — downwards; sakham — branches; asvattham — a banyan tree; prahuh — is said; avyayam — eternal; chandamsi — the Vedic hymns; yasya — of which; parnani — the leaves; yah — anyone who; tam — that; veda — knows; sah — he; veda-vit — the knower of the Vedas.

adhah — downward; ca — and; urdhvam — upward; prasrtah — extended; tasya — its; sakhah — branches; guna — by the modes of material nature; pravrddhah — developed; visaya — sense objects; pravalah — twigs; adhah — downward; ca — and; mulani — roots; anusantatani — extended; karma — to work; anubandhini — bound; manusya-loke — in the world of human society.

na — not; rupam — the form; asya — of this tree; iha — in this world; tatha — also; upalabhyate — can be perceived; na — never; antah — end; na — never; ca — also; adih — beginning; na — never; ca — also; sampratistha — the foundation; asvattham — banyan tree; enam — this; su-virudha — strongly; mulam — rooted; asanga-sastrena — by the weapon of detachment; drdhena — strong; chittva — cutting;

tatah — thereafter; padam — situation; tat — that; parimargitavyam — has to be searched out; yasmin — where; gatah — going; na — never; nivartanti — they come back; bhuyah — again; tam — to Him; eva — certainly; ca — also; adyam — original; purusam — the Personality of Godhead; prapadye — surrender; yatah — from whom; pravrttih — the beginning; prasrta — extended; purani — very old.

nih — without; mana — false prestige; mohah — and illusion; jita — having conquered; sanga — of association; dosah — the faults; adhyatma — in spiritual knowledge; nityah — in eternity; vinivrtta — disassociated; kamah — from lust; dvandvaih — from the dualities; vimuktah — liberated; sukha-duhkha — happiness and distress; samjnaih — named; gacchanti — attain; amudhah — unbewildered; padam — situation; avyayam — eternal; tat — that.

na — not; tat — that; bhasayate — illuminates; suryah — the sun; na — nor; sasankah — the moon; na — nor; pavakah — ﬁre, electricity; yat — where; gatva — going; na — never; nivartante — they come back; tat dhama — that abode; paramam — supreme; mama — My.

mama — My; eva — certainly; amsah — fragmental particle; jiva-loke — in the world of conditional life; jiva-bhutah — the conditioned living entity; sanatanah — eternal;
manah — with the mind; sasthani — the six; indriyani — senses; prakrti — in material nature; sthani — situated; karsati — is struggling hard.

sariram — the body; yat — as; avapnoti — gets; yat — as; ca api — also; utkramati — gives up; isvarah — the lord of the body; grhitva — taking; etani — all these; samyati — goes away; vayuh — the air; gandhan — smells; iva — like; asayat — from their source.

srotram — ears; caksuh — eyes; sparsanam — touch; ca — also; rasanam — tongue; ghranam — smelling power; eva — also; ca — and; adhisthaya — being situated in; manah — mind; ca — also; ayam — he; visayan — sense objects; upasevate — enjoys.

utkramantam — quitting the body; sthitam — situated in the body; va api — either; bhunjanam — enjoying; va — or; guna-anvitam — under the spell of the modes of material nature; vimudhah — foolish persons; na — never; anupasyanti — can see; pasyanti — can see; jnana-caksusah — those who have the eyes of knowledge.

yatantah — endeavoring; yoginah — transcendentalists; ca — also; enam — this; pasyanti — can see; atmani — in the self; avasthitam — situated; yatantah — endeavoring; api — although; akrta-atmanah — those without self-realization; na — do not; enam — this; pasyanti — see; acetasah — having undeveloped minds.

yat — that which; aditya-gatam — in the sunshine; tejah — splendor; jagat — the whole world; bhasayate — illuminates; akhilam — entirely; yat — that which; candramasi — in the moon; yat — that which; ca — also; agnau — in ﬁre; tat — that; tejah — splendor; viddhi — understand; mamakam — from Me.

gam — the planets; avisya — entering; ca — also; bhutani — the living entities; dharayami — sustain; aham — I; ojasa — by My energy;
pusnami — am nourishing; ca — and; ausadhih — vegetables; sarvah — all; somah — the moon; bhutva — becoming; rasa-atmakah — supplying the juice.

aham — I; vaisvanarah — My plenary portion as the digesting ﬁre; bhutva — becoming; praninam — of all living entities; deham — in the bodies; asritah — situated; prana — the outgoing air; apana — the down-going air; samayuktah — keeping in balance; pacami — I digest; annam — foodstuff; catuh-vidham — the four kinds.

sarvasya — of all living beings; ca — and; aham — I; hrdi — in the heart; sannivistah — situated; mattah — from Me; smrtih — remembrance; jnanam — knowledge; apohanam — forgetfulness; ca — and; vedaih — by the Vedas; ca — also; sarvaih — all; aham — I am; eva — certainly; vedyah — knowable; vedanta-krt — the compiler of the Vedanta; veda-vit — the knower of the Vedas; eva — certainly; ca — and; aham — I.

dvau — two; imau — these; purusau — living entities; loke — in the world; ksarah — fallible; ca — and; aksarah — infallible; eva — certainly; ca — and; ksarah — fallible; sarvani — all; bhutani — living entities; kuta-sthah — in oneness; aksarah — infallible; ucyate — is said.

uttamah — the best; purusah — personality; tu — but; anyah — another; parama-atma — the Supreme Self; iti — thus; udahrtah — is said;
yah — who; loka — of the universe; trayam — the three divisions; avisya — entering; bibharti — is maintaining; avyayah — inexhaustible; isvarah — the Lord.

yasmat — because; ksaram — to the fallible; atitah — transcendental; aham — I am; aksarat — beyond the infallible; api — also; ca — and; uttamah — the best; atah — therefore; asmi — I am; loke — in the world; vede — in the Vedic literature; ca — and; prathitah — celebrated; purusa-uttamah — as the Supreme Personality.

yah — anyone who; mam — Me; evam — thus; asammudhah — without a doubt; janati — knows; purusa-uttamam — the Supreme Personality of Godhead; sah — he; sarva-vit — the knower of everything; bhajati — renders devotional service; mam — unto Me; sarva-bhavena — in all respects; bharata — O son of Bharata.

iti — thus; guhya-tamam — the most conﬁdential; sastram — revealed scripture; idam — this; uktam — disclosed; maya — by Me; anagha — O sinless one;
etat — this; buddhva — understanding; buddhi-man — intelligent; syat — one becomes; krta-krtyah — the most perfect in his endeavors; ca — and; bharata — O son of Bharata.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; abhayam — fearlessness; sattva-samsuddhih — puriﬁcation of one’s existence; jnana — in knowledge; yoga — of linking up; vyavasthitih — the situation; danam — charity; damah — controlling the mind; ca — and; yajnah — performance of sacriﬁce; ca — and; svadhyayah — study of Vedic literature; tapah — austerity; arjavam — simplicity; ahimsa — nonviolence; satyam — truthfulness; akrodhah — freedom from anger; tyagah — renunciation; santih — tranquillity; apaisunam — aversion to fault-ﬁnding; daya — mercy; bhutesu — towards all living entities; aloluptvam — freedom from greed; mardavam — gentleness; hrih — modesty; acapalam — determination; tejah — vigor; ksama — forgiveness; dhrtih — fortitude; saucam — cleanliness; adrohah — freedom from envy; na — not; ati-manita — expectation of honor; bhavanti — are; sampadam — the qualities; daivim — the transcendental nature; abhijatasya — of one who is born of; bharata — O son of Bharata.

dambhah — pride; darpah — arrogance; abhimanah — conceit; ca — and; krodhah — anger; parusyam — harshness; eva — certainly; ca — and; ajnanam — ignorance; ca — and; abhijatasya — of one who is born of; partha — O son of Prtha; sampadam — the qualities; asurim — of the demoniac nature.

daivi — transcendental; sampat — assets; vimoksaya — meant for liberation; nibandhaya — for bondage; asuri — demoniac qualities; mata — are considered; ma — do not; sucah — worry; sampadam — assets; daivim — transcendental; abhijatah — born of; asi — you are; pandava — O son of Pandu.

dvau — two; bhuta-sargau — created living beings; loke — in the world; asmin — this; daivah — godly; asurah — demoniac; eva — certainly; ca — and; daivah — the divine; vistarasah — at great length; proktah — said; asuram — the demoniac; partha — O son of Prtha; me — from Me; srnu — just hear.

pravrttim — acting properly; ca — also; nivrttim — not acting improperly; ca — and; janah — persons; na — never; viduh — know; asurah — of demoniac quality; na — never; saucam — cleanliness; na — nor; api — also; ca — and; acarah — behavior; na — never; satyam — truth; tesu — in them; vidyate — there is.

asatyam — unreal; apratistham — without foundation; te — they; jagat — the cosmic manifestation; ahuh — say; anisvaram — with no controller;
aparaspara — without cause; sambhutam — arisen; kim anyat — there is no other cause; kama-haitukam — it is due to lust only.

etam — this; drstim — vision; avastabhya — accepting; nasta — having lost; atmanah — themselves; alpa-buddhayah — the less intelligent;
prabhavanti — ﬂourish; ugra-karmanah — engaged in painful activities; ksayaya — for destruction; jagatah — of the world; ahitah — unbeneﬁcial.

kamam — lust; asritya — taking shelter of; duspuram — insatiable; dambha — of pride; mana — and false prestige; mada-anvitah — absorbed in the conceit;
mohat — by illusion; grhitva — taking; asat — nonpermanent; grahan — things; pravartante — they ﬂourish; asuci — to the unclean; vratah — avowed.

cintam — fears and anxieties; aparimeyam — immeasurable; ca — and; pralaya-antam — unto the point of death; upasritah — having taken shelter of; kama-upabhoga — sense gratiﬁcation; paramah — the highest goal of life; etavat — thus; iti — in this way; niscitah — having ascertained; asa-pasa — entanglements in a network of hope; sataih — by hundreds; baddhah — being bound; kama — of lust; krodha — and anger; parayanah — always situated in the mentality; ihante — they desire; kama — lust; bhoga — sense enjoyment; artham — for the purpose of; anyayena — illegally; artha — of wealth; sancayan — accumulation.

idam — this; adya — today; maya — by me; labdham — gained; imam — this; prapsye — I shall gain; manah-ratham — according to my desires; idam — this; asti — there is; idam — this; api — also; me — mine; bhavisyati — it will increase in the future; punah — again; dhanam — wealth; asau — that; maya — by me; hatah — has been killed; satruh — enemy; hanisye — I shall kill; ca — also; aparan — others; api — certainly; isvarah — the lord; aham — I am; aham — I am; bhogi — the enjoyer; siddhah — perfect; aham — I am; bala-van — powerful; sukhi — happy; adhyah — wealthy; abhijana-van — surrounded by aristocratic relatives; asmi — I am; kah — who; anyah — other; asti — there is; sadrsah — like; maya — me; yaksye — I shall sacriﬁce; dasyami — I shall give charity; modisye — I shall rejoice; iti — thus; ajnana — by ignorance; vimohitah — deluded.

aneka — numerous; citta — by anxieties; vibhrantah — perplexed; moha — of illusions; jala — by a network; samavrtah — surrounded; prasaktah — attached; kama-bhogesu — to sense gratiﬁcation; patanti — they glide down; narake — into hell; asucau — unclean.

atma-sambhavitah — self-complacent; stabdhah — impudent; dhana-mana — of wealth and false prestige; mada — in the delusion; anvitah — absorbed; yajante — they perform sacriﬁce; nama — in name only; yajnaih — with sacriﬁces; te — they; dambhena — out of pride; avidhi-purvakam — without following any rules and regulations.

ahankaram — false ego; balam — strength; darpam — pride; kamam — lust; krodham — anger; ca — also; samsritah — having taken shelter of; mam — Me; atma — in their own; para — and in other; dehesu — bodies; pradvisantah — blaspheming; abhyasuyakah — envious.

tan — those; aham — I; dvisatah — envious; kruran — mischievous; samsaresu — into the ocean of material existence; nara-adhaman — the lowest of mankind; ksipami — I put; ajasram — forever; asubhan — inauspicious; asurisu — demoniac; eva — certainly; yonisu — into the wombs.

asurim — demoniac; yonim — species; apannah — gaining; mudhah — the foolish; janmani janmani — in birth after birth; mam — Me; aprapya — without achieving; eva — certainly; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; tatah — thereafter; yanti — go; adhamam — condemned; gatim — destination.

tri-vidham — of three kinds; narakasya — of hell; idam — this; dvaram — gate; nasanam — destructive; atmanah — of the self; kamah — lust; krodhah — anger; tatha — as well as; lobhah — greed; tasmat — therefore; etat — these; trayam — three; tyajet — one must give up.

etaih — from these; vimuktah — being liberated; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; tamah-dvaraih — from the gates of ignorance; tribhih — of three kinds; narah — a person; acarati — performs; atmanah — for the self; sreyah — benediction; tatah — thereafter; yati — he goes; param — to the supreme; gatim — destination.

yah — anyone who; sastra-vidhim — the regulations of the scriptures; utsrjya — giving up; vartate — remains; kama-karatah — acting whimsically in lust; na — never; sah — he; siddhim — perfection; avapnoti — achieves; na — never; sukham — happiness; na — never; param — the supreme; gatim — perfectional stage.

tasmat — therefore; sastram — the scriptures; pramanam — evidence; te — your; karya — duty; akarya — and forbidden activities; vyavasthitau — in determining; jnatva — knowing; sastra — of scripture; vidhana — the regulations; uktam — as declared; karma — work; kartum — do; iha — in this world; arhasi — you should.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; ye — those who; sastra-vidhim — the regulations of scripture; utsrjya — giving up; yajante — worship; sraddhaya — full faith; anvitah — possessed of; tesam — of them; nistha — the faith; tu — but; ka — what; krsna — O Krsna; sattvam — in goodness; aho — or else; rajah — in passion; tamah — in ignorance.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; tri-vidha — of three kinds; bhavati — becomes; sraddha — the faith; dehinam — of the embodied; sa — that; sva-bhava-ja — according to his mode of material nature; sattviki — in the mode of goodness; rajasi — in the mode of passion; ca — also; eva — certainly; tamasi — in the mode of ignorance; ca — and; iti — thus; tam — that; srnu — hear from Me.

sattva-anurupa — according to the existence; sarvasya — of everyone; sraddha — faith; bhavati — becomes; bharata — O son of Bharata; sraddha — faith; mayah — full of; ayam — this; purusah — living entity; yah — who; yat — having which; sraddhah — faith; sah — thus; eva — certainly; sah — he.

yajante — worship; sattvikah — those who are in the mode of goodness; devan — demigods; yaksa-raksamsi — demons; rajasah — those who are in the mode of passion; pretan — spirits of the dead; bhuta-ganan — ghosts; ca — and; anye — others; yajante — worship; tamasah — in the mode of ignorance; janah — people.

asastra — not in the scriptures; vihitam — directed; ghoram — harmful to others; tapyante — undergo; ye — those who; tapah — austerities; janah — persons; dambha — with pride; ahankara — and egoism; samyuktah — engaged; kama — of lust; raga — and attachment; bala — by the force; anvitah — impelled;

karsayantah — tormenting; sarira-stham — situated within the body; bhuta-gramam — the combination of material elements; acetasah — having a misled mentality; mam — Me; ca — also; eva — certainly; antah — within; sarira-stham — situated in the body; tan — them; viddhi — understand; asura-niscayan — demons.

aharah — eating; tu — certainly; api — also; sarvasya — of everyone; tri-vidhah — of three kinds; bhavati — there is; priyah — dear; yajnah — sacriﬁce; tapah — austerity; tatha — also; danam — charity; tesam — of them; bhedam — the differences; imam — this; srnu — hear.

ayuh — duration of life; sattva — existence; bala — strength; arogya — health; sukha — happiness; priti — and satisfaction; vivardhanah — increasing; rasyah — juicy; snigdhah — fatty; sthirah — enduring; hrdyah — pleasing to the heart; aharah — food; sattvika — to one in goodness; priyah — palatable.

katu — bitter; amla — sour; lavana — salty; ati-usna — very hot; tiksna — pungent; ruksa — dry; vidahinah — burning; aharah — food; rajasasya — to one in the mode of passion; istah — palatable; duhkha — distress; soka — misery; amaya — disease; pradah — causing.

yata-yamam — food cooked three hours before being eaten; gata-rasam — tasteless; puti — bad-smelling; paryusitam — decomposed; ca — also; yat — that which; ucchistam — remnants of food eaten by others; api — also; ca — and; amedhyam — untouchable; bhojanam — eating; tamasa — to one in the mode of darkness; priyam — dear.

aphala-akanksibhih — by those devoid of desire for result; yajnah — sacriﬁce; vidhi-distah — according to the direction of scripture; yah — which; ijyate — is performed; yastavyam — must be performed; eva — certainly; iti — thus; manah — mind; samadhaya — ﬁxing; sah — it; sattvikah — in the mode of goodness.

abhisandhaya — desiring; tu — but; phalam — the result; dambha — pride; artham — for the sake of; api — also; ca — and; eva — certainly; yat — that which; ijyate — is performed; bharata-srestha — O chief of the Bharatas; tam — that; yajnam — sacriﬁce; viddhi — know; rajasam — in the mode of passion.

vidhi-hinam — without scriptural direction; asrsta-annam — without distribution of prasadam; mantra-hinam — with no chanting of the Vedic hymns; adaksinam — with no remunerations to the priests; sraddha — faith; virahitam — without; yajnam — sacriﬁce; tamasam — in the mode of ignorance; paricaksate — is to be considered.

deva — of the Supreme Lord; dvija — the brahmanas; guru — the spiritual master; prajna — and worshipable personalities; pujanam — worship; saucam — cleanliness; arjavam — simplicity; brahmacaryam — celibacy; ahimsa — nonviolence; ca — also; sariram — pertaining to the body; tapah — austerity; ucyate — is said to be.

anudvega-karam — not agitating; vakyam — words; satyam — truthful; priya — dear; hitam — beneﬁcial; ca — also; yat — which; svadhyaya — of Vedic study; abhyasanam — practice; ca — also; eva — certainly; vak-mayam — of the voice; tapah — austerity; ucyate — is said to be.

manah-prasadah — satisfaction of the mind; saumyatvam — being without duplicity towards others; maunam — gravity; atma — of the self; vinigrahah — control; bhava — of one’s nature; samsuddhih — puriﬁcation; iti — thus; etat — this; tapah — austerity; manasam — of the mind; ucyate — is said to be.

sraddhaya — with faith; paraya — transcendental; taptam — executed; tapah — austerity; tat — that; tri-vidham — of three kinds; naraih — by men; aphala-akanksibhih — who are without desires for fruits; yuktaih — engaged; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness; paricaksate — is called.

sat-kara — respect; mana — honor; puja — and worship; artham — for the sake of; tapah — austerity; dambhena — with pride; ca — also; eva — certainly; yat — which; kriyate — is performed; tat — that; iha — in this world; proktam — is said; rajasam — in the mode of passion; calam — ﬂickering; adhruvam — temporary.

mudha — foolish; grahena — with endeavor; atmanah — of one’s own self; yat — which; pidaya — by torture; kriyate — is performed; tapah — penance; parasya — to others; utsadana-artham — for the sake of causing annihilation; va — or; tat — that; tamasam — in the mode of darkness; udahrtam — is said to be.

datavyam — worth giving; iti — thus; yat — that which; danam — charity; diyate — is given; anupakarine — irrespective of return; dese — in a proper place; kale — at a proper time; ca — also; patre — to a suitable person; ca — and; tat — that; danam — charity; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness; smrtam — is considered.

yat — that which; tu — but; prati-upakara-artham — for the sake of getting some return; phalam — a result; uddisya — desiring; va — or; punah — again; diyate — is given; ca — also; pariklistam — grudgingly; tat — that; danam — charity; rajasam — in the mode of passion; smrtam — is understood to be.

adesa — at an unpuriﬁed place; kale — and unpuriﬁed time; yat — that which; danam — charity; apatrebhyah — to unworthy persons; ca — also; diyate — is given; asat-krtam — without respect; avajnatam — without proper attention; tat — that; tamasam — in the mode of darkness; udahrtam — is said to be.

om — indication of the Supreme; tat — that; sat — eternal; iti — thus; nirdesah — indication; brahmanah — of the Supreme; tri-vidhah — threefold; smrtah — is considered; brahmanah — the brahmanas; tena — with that; vedah — the Vedic literature; ca — also; yajnah — sacriﬁce; ca — also; vihitah — used; pura — formerly.

tasmat — therefore; om — beginning with om; iti — thus; udahrtya — indicating; yajna — of sacriﬁce; dana — charity; tapah — and penance; kriyah — performances; pravartante — begin; vidhana-uktah — according to scriptural regulation; satatam — always; brahma-vadinam — of the transcendentalists.

tat — that; iti — thus; anabhisandhaya — without desiring; phalam — the fruitive result; yajna — of sacriﬁce; tapah — and penance; kriyah — activities; dana — of charity; kriyah — activities; ca — also; vividhah — various; kriyante — are done; moksa-kanksibhih — by those who actually desire liberation.

sat-bhave — in the sense of the nature of the Supreme; sadhu-bhave — in the sense of the nature of the devotee; ca — also; sat — the word sat; iti — thus; etat — this; prayujyate — is used; prasaste — in bona ﬁde; karmani — activities; tatha — also; sat-sabdah — the sound sat; partha — O son of Prtha; yujyate — is used;
yajne — in sacriﬁce; tapasi — in penance; dane — in charity; ca — also; sthitih — the situation; sat — the Supreme; iti — thus; ca — and; ucyate — is pronounced; karma — work; ca — also; eva — certainly; tat — for that; arthiyam — meant; sat — the Supreme; iti — thus; eva — certainly; abhidhiyate — is indicated.

asraddhaya — without faith; hutam — offered in sacriﬁce; dattam — given; tapah — penance; taptam — executed; krtam — performed; ca — also; yat — that which; asat — false; iti — thus; ucyate — is said to be; partha — O son of Prtha; na — never; ca — also; tat — that; pretya — after death; na u — nor; iha — in this life.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; sannyasasya — of renunciation; maha-baho — O mighty-armed one; tattvam — the truth; icchami — I wish; veditum — to understand; tyagasya — of renunciation; ca — also;
prthak — differently; kesi-nisudana — O killer of the Kesi demon.

sri-bhagavan uvaca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said; kamyanam — with desire; karmanam — of activities; nyasam — renunciation; sannyasam — the renounced order of life; kavayah — the learned; viduh — know; sarva — of all; karma — activities; phala — of results; tyagam — renunciation; prahuh — call; tyagam — renunciation; vicaksanah — the experienced.

tyajyam — must be given up; dosa-vat — as an evil; iti — thus; eke — one group; karma — work; prahuh — they say; manisinah — great thinkers; yajna — of sacriﬁce; dana — charity; tapah — and penance; karma — works; na — never; tyajyam — are to be given up; iti — thus; ca — and; apare — others.

niscayam — certainty; srnu — hear; me — from Me; tatra — therein; tyage — in the matter of renunciation; bharata-sat-tama — O best of the Bharatas; tyagah — renunciation; hi — certainly; purusa-vyaghra — O tiger among human beings; tri-vidhah — of three kinds; samprakirtitah — is declared.

yajna — of sacriﬁce; dana — charity; tapah — and penance; karma — activity; na — never; tyajyam — to be given up; karyam — must be done; eva — certainly; tat — that; yajnah — sacriﬁce; danam — charity; tapah — penance; ca — also; eva — certainly; pavanani — purifying; manisinam — even for the great souls.

etani — all these; api — certainly; tu — but; karmani — activities; sangam — association; tyaktva — renouncing; phalani — results; ca — also; kartavyani — should be done as duty; iti — thus; me — My; partha — O son of Prtha; niscitam — deﬁnite; matam — opinion; uttamam — the best.

niyatasya — prescribed; tu — but; sannyasah — renunciation; karmanah — of activities; na — never; upapadyate — is deserved; mohat — by illusion; tasya — of them; parityagah — renunciation; tamasah — in the mode of ignorance; parikirtitah — is declared.

duhkham — unhappy; iti — thus; eva — certainly; yat — which; karma — work; kaya — for the body; klesa — trouble; bhayat — out of fear; tyajet — gives up; sah — he; krtva — after doing; rajasam — in the mode of passion; tyagam — renunciation; na — not; eva — certainly; tyaga — of renunciation; phalam — the results; labhet — gains.

karyam — it must be done; iti — thus; eva — indeed; yat — which; karma — work; niyatam — prescribed; kriyate — is performed; arjuna — O Arjuna; sangam — association; tyaktva — giving up; phalam — the result; ca — also; eva — certainly; sah — that; tyagah — renunciation; sattvikah — in the mode of goodness; matah — in My opinion.

na — never; dvesti — hates; akusalam — inauspicious; karma — work; kusale — in the auspicious; na — nor; anusajjate — becomes attached; tyagi — the renouncer; sattva — in goodness; samavistah — absorbed; medhavi — intelligent; chinna — having cut off; samsayah — all doubts.

na — never; hi — certainly; deha-bhrta — by the embodied; sakyam — is possible; tyaktum — to be renounced; karmani — activities; asesatah — altogether; yah — anyone who; tu — but; karma — of work; phala — of the result; tyagi — the renouncer; sah — he; tyagi — the renouncer; iti — thus; abhidhiyate — is said.

anistam — leading to hell; istam — leading to heaven; misram — mixed; ca — and; tri-vidham — of three kinds; karmanah — of work; phalam — the result; bhavati — comes; atyaginam — for those who are not renounced; pretya — after death; na — not; tu — but; sannyasinam — for the renounced order; kvacit — at any time.

panca — ﬁve; etani — these; maha-baho — O mighty-armed one; karanani — causes; nibodha — just understand; me — from Me; sankhye — in the Vedanta; krta-ante — in the conclusion; proktani — said; siddhaye — for the perfection; sarva — of all; karmanam — activities.

adhisthanam — the place; tatha — also; karta — the worker; karanam — instruments; ca — and; prthak-vidham — of different kinds; vividhah — various; ca — and; prthak — separate; cestah — the endeavors; daivam — the Supreme; ca — also; eva — certainly; atra — here; pancamam — the ﬁfth.

sarira — by the body; vak — speech; manobhih — and mind; yat — which; karma — work; prarabhate — begins; narah — a person; nyayyam — right; va — or; viparitam — the opposite; va — or; panca — ﬁve; ete — all these; tasya — its; hetavah — causes.

tatra — there; evam — thus; sati — being; kartaram — the worker; atmanam — himself; kevalam — only; tu — but; yah — anyone who; pasyati — sees; akrta-buddhitvat — due to unintelligence; na — never; sah — he; pasyati — sees; durmatih — foolish.

yasya — one whose; na — never; ahankrtah — of false ego; bhavah — nature; buddhih — intelligence; yasya — one whose; na — never; lipyate — is attached; hatva — killing; api — even; sah — he; iman — this; lokan — world; na — never; hanti — kills; na — never; nibadhyate — becomes entangled.

jnanam — knowledge; jneyam — the objective of knowledge; parijnata — the knower; tri-vidha — of three kinds; karma — of work; codana — the impetus; karanam — the senses; karma — the work; karta — the doer; iti — thus; tri-vidhah — of three kinds; karma — of work; sangrahah — the accumulation.

jnanam — knowledge; karma — work; ca — also; karta — worker; ca — also; tridha — of three kinds; eva — certainly; guna-bhedatah — in terms of different modes of material nature; procyate — are said; guna-sankhyane — in terms of different modes; yatha-vat — as they are; srnu — hear; tani — all of them; api — also.

sarva-bhutesu — in all living entities; yena — by which; ekam — one; bhavam — situation; avyayam — imperishable; iksate — one sees; avibhaktam — undivided; vibhaktesu — in the numberless divided; tat — that; jnanam — knowledge; viddhi — know; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness.

prthaktvena — because of division; tu — but; yat — which; jnanam — knowledge; nana-bhavan — multifarious situations; prthak-vidhan — different; vetti — knows; sarvesu — in all; bhutesu — living entities; tat — that; jnanam — knowledge; viddhi — must be known; rajasam — in terms of passion.

yat — that which; tu — but; krtsna-vat — as all in all; ekasmin — in one; karye — work; saktam — attached; ahaitukam — without cause; atattva-artha-vat — without knowledge of reality; alpam — very meager; ca — and; tat — that; tamasam — in the mode of darkness; udahrtam — is said to be.

niyatam — regulated; sanga-rahitam — without attachment; araga-dvesatah — without love or hatred; krtam — done; aphala-prepsuna — by one without desire for fruitive result; karma — action; yat — which; tat — that; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness; ucyate — is called.

yat — that which; tu — but; kama-ipsuna — by one with desires for fruitive results; karma — work; sa-ahankarena — with ego; va — or; punah — again; kriyate — is performed; bahula-ayasam — with great labor; tat — that; rajasam — in the mode of passion; udahrtam — is said to be.

anubandham — of future bondage; ksayam — destruction; himsam — and distress to others; anapeksya — without considering the consequences; ca — also; paurusam — self-sanctioned; mohat — by illusion; arabhyate — is begun; karma — work; yat — which; tat — that; tamasam — in the mode of ignorance; ucyate — is said to be.

mukta-sangah — liberated from all material association; anaham-vadi — without false ego; dhrti — with determination; utsaha — and great enthusiasm; samanvitah — qualiﬁed; siddhi — in perfection; asiddhyoh — and failure; nirvikarah — without change; karta — worker; sattvikah — in the mode of goodness; ucyate — is said to be.

ragi — very much attached; karma-phala — the fruit of the work; prepsuh — desiring; lubdhah — greedy; himsa-atmakah — always envious; asucih — unclean; harsa-soka-anvitah — subject to joy and sorrow; karta — such a worker; rajasah — in the mode of passion; parikirtitah — is declared.

ayuktah — not referring to the scriptural injunctions; prakrtah — materialistic; stabdhah — obstinate; sathah — deceitful; naiskrtikah — expert in insulting others; alasah — lazy; visadi — morose; dirgha-sutri — procrastinating; ca — also; karta — worker; tamasah — in the mode of ignorance; ucyate — is said to be.

buddheh — of intelligence; bhedam — the differences; dhrteh — of steadiness; ca — also; eva — certainly; gunatah — by the modes of material nature; tri-vidham — of three kinds; srnu — just hear; procyamanam — as described by Me; asesena — in detail; prthaktvena — differently; dhanam-jaya — O winner of wealth.

pravrttim — doing; ca — also; nivrttim — not doing; ca — and; karya — what ought to be done; akarye — and what ought not to be done; bhaya — fear; abhaye — and fearlessness; bandham — bondage; moksam — liberation; ca — and; ya — that which; vetti — knows; buddhih — understanding; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; sattviki — in the mode of goodness.

yaya — by which; dharmam — the principles of religion; adharmam — irreligion; ca — and; karyam — what ought to be done; ca — also; akaryam — what ought not to be done; eva — certainly; ca — also; ayatha-vat — imperfectly; prajanati — knows; buddhih — intelligence; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; rajasi — in the mode of passion.

adharmam — irreligion; dharmam — religion; iti — thus; ya — which; manyate — thinks; tamasa — by illusion; avrta — covered; sarva-arthan — all things; viparitan — in the wrong direction; ca — also; buddhih — intelligence; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; tamasi — in the mode of ignorance.

dhrtya — determination; yaya — by which; dharayate — one sustains; manah — of the mind; prana — life; indriya — and senses; kriyah — the activities; yogena — by yoga practice; avyabhicarinya — without any break; dhrtih — determination; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; sattviki — in the mode of goodness.

yaya — by which; tu — but; dharma — religiosity; kama — sense gratiﬁcation; arthan — and economic development; dhrtya — by determination; dharayate — one sustains; arjuna — O Arjuna; prasangena — because of attachment; phala-akanksi — desiring fruitive results; dhrtih — determination; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; rajasi — in the mode of passion.

yaya — by which; svapnam — dreaming; bhayam — fearfulness; sokam — lamentation; visadam — moroseness; madam — illusion; eva — certainly; ca — also; na — never; vimuncati — one gives up; durmedha — unintelligent; dhrtih — determination; sa — that; partha — O son of Prtha; tamasi — in the mode of ignorance.

sukham — happiness; tu — but; idanim — now; tri-vidham — of three kinds; srnu — hear; me — from Me; bharata-rsabha — O best amongst the Bharatas; abhyasat — by practice; ramate — one enjoys; yatra — where; duhkha — of distress; antam — the end; ca — also; nigacchati — gains.

yat — which; tat — that; agre — in the beginning; visam iva — like poison; pariname — at the end; amrta — nectar; upamam — compared to; tat — that; sukham — happiness; sattvikam — in the mode of goodness; proktam — is said; atma — in the self; buddhi — of intelligence; prasada-jam — born of the satisfaction.

visaya — of the objects of the senses; indriya — and the senses; samyogat — from the combination; yat — which; tat — that; agre — in the beginning; amrta-upamam — just like nectar; pariname — at the end; visam iva — like poison; tat — that; sukham — happiness; rajasam — in the mode of passion; smrtam — is considered.

yat — that which; agre — in the beginning; ca — also; anubandhe — at the end; ca — also; sukham — happiness; mohanam — illusory; atmanah — of the self; nidra — sleep; alasya — laziness; pramada — and illusion; uttham — produced of; tat — that; tamasam — in the mode of ignorance; udahrtam — is said to be.

na — not; tat — that; asti — there is; prthivyam — on the earth; va — or; divi — in the higher planetary system; devesu — amongst the demigods; va — or; punah — again; sattvam — existence; prakrti-jaih — born of material nature; muktam — liberated; yat — that; ebhih — from the inﬂuence of these; syat — is; tribhih — three; gunaih — modes of material nature.

brahmana — of the brahmanas; ksatriya — the ksatriyas; visam — and the vaisyas; sudranam — of the sudras; ca — and; param-tapa — O subduer of the enemies; karmani — the activities; pravibhaktani — are divided; svabhava — their own nature; prabhavaih — born of; gunaih — by the modes of material nature.

samah — peacefulness; damah — self-control; tapah — austerity; saucam — purity; ksantih — tolerance; arjavam — honesty; eva — certainly; ca — and;
jnanam — knowledge; vijnanam — wisdom; astikyam — religiousness; brahma — of a brahmana; karma — duty; svabhava-jam — born of his own nature.

sauryam — heroism; tejah — power; dhrtih — determination; daksyam — resourcefulness; yuddhe — in battle; ca — and; api — also; apalayanam — not ﬂeeing; danam — generosity; isvara — of leadership; bhavah — the nature; ca — and; ksatram — of a ksatriya; karma — duty; svabhava-jam — born of his own nature.

krsi — plowing; go — of cows; raksya — protection; vanijyam — trade; vaisya — of a vaisya; karma — duty; svabhava-jam — born of his own nature; paricarya — service; atmakam — consisting of; karma — duty; sudrasya — of the sudra; api — also; svabhava-jam — born of his own nature.

sve sve — each his own; karmani — work; abhiratah — following; samsiddhim — perfection; labhate — achieves; narah — a man; sva-karma — in his own duty; niratah — engaged; siddhim — perfection; yatha — as; vindati — attains; tat — that; srnu — listen.

yatah — from whom; pravrttih — the emanation; bhutanam — of all living entities; yena — by whom; sarvam — all; idam — this; tatam — is pervaded; sva-karmana — by his own duties; tam — Him; abhyarcya — by worshiping; siddhim — perfection; vindati — achieves; manavah — a man.

sreyan — better; sva-dharmah — one’s own occupation; vigunah — imperfectly performed; para-dharmat — than another’s occupation; su-anusthitat — perfectly done; svabhava-niyatam — prescribed according to one’s nature; karma — work; kurvan — performing; na — never; apnoti — achieves; kilbisam — sinful reactions.

saha-jam — born simultaneously; karma — work; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; sa-dosam — with fault; api — although; na — never; tyajet — one should give up; sarva-arambhah — all ventures; hi — certainly; dosena — with fault; dhumena — with smoke; agnih — ﬁre; iva — as; avrtah — covered.

asakta-buddhih — having unattached intelligence; sarvatra — everywhere; jita-atma — having control of the mind; vigata-sprhah — without material desires; naiskarmya-siddhim — the perfection of nonreaction; paramam — supreme; sannyasena — by the renounced order of life; adhigacchati — one attains.

siddhim — perfection; praptah — achieving; yatha — as; brahma — the Supreme; tatha — so; apnoti — one achieves; nibodha — try to understand; me — from Me; samasena — summarily; eva — certainly; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; nistha — the stage; jnanasya — of knowledge; ya — which; para — transcendental.

buddhya — with the intelligence; visuddhaya — fully puriﬁed; yuktah — engaged; dhrtya — by determination; atmanam — the self; niyamya — regulating; ca — also; sabda-adin — such as sound; visayan — the sense objects; tyaktva — giving up; raga — attachment; dvesau — and hatred; vyudasya — laying aside; ca — also; vivikta-sevi — living in a secluded place; laghu-asi — eating a small quantity; yata — having controlled; vak — speech; kaya — body; manasah — and mind; dhyana-yoga-parah — absorbed in trance; nityam — twenty-four hours a day; vairagyam — detachment; samupasritah — having taken shelter of; ahankaram — false ego; balam — false strength; darpam — false pride; kamam — lust; krodham — anger; parigraham — and acceptance of material things; vimucya — being delivered from; nirmamah — without a sense of proprietorship; santah — peaceful; brahma-bhuyaya — for self-realization; kalpate — is qualiﬁed.

brahma-bhutah — being one with the Absolute; prasanna-atma — fully joyful; na — never; socati — laments; na — never; kanksati — desires; samah — equally disposed; sarvesu — to all; bhutesu — living entities; mat-bhaktim — My devotional service; labhate — gains; param — transcendental.

bhaktya — by pure devotional service; mam — Me; abhijanati — one can know; yavan — as much as; yah ca asmi — as I am; tattvatah — in truth; tatah — thereafter; mam — Me; tattvatah — in truth; jnatva — knowing; visate — he enters; tat-anantaram — thereafter.

sarva — all; karmani — activities; api — although; sada — always; kurvanah — performing; mat-vyapasrayah — under My protection; mat-prasadat — by My mercy; avapnoti — one achieves; sasvatam — the eternal; padam — abode; avyayam — imperishable.

cetasa — by intelligence; sarva-karmani — all kinds of activities; mayi — unto Me; sannyasya — giving up; mat-parah — under My protection; buddhi-yogam — devotional activities; upasritya — taking shelter of; mat-cittah — in consciousness of Me; satatam — twenty-four hours a day; bhava — just become.

mat — of Me; cittah — being in consciousness; sarva — all; durgani — impediments; mat-prasadat — by My mercy; tarisyasi — you will overcome; atha — but; cet — if; tvam — you; ahankarat — by false ego; na srosyasi — do not hear; vinanksyasi — you will be lost.

yat — if; ahankaram — of false ego; asritya — taking shelter; na yotsye — I shall not ﬁght; iti — thus; manyase — you think; mithya esah — this is all false; vyavasayah — determination; te — your; prakrtih — material nature; tvam — you; niyoksyati — will engage.

svabhava-jena — born of your own nature; kaunteya — O son of Kunti; nibaddhah — conditioned; svena — by your own; karmana — activities; kartum — to do; na — not; icchasi — you like; yat — that which; mohat — by illusion; karisyasi — you will do; avasah — involuntarily; api — even; tat — that.

isvarah — the Supreme Lord; sarva-bhutanam — of all living entities; hrt-dese — in the location of the heart; arjuna — O Arjuna; tisthati — resides; bhramayan — causing to travel; sarva-bhutani — all living entities; yantra — on a machine; arudhani — being placed; mayaya — under the spell of material energy.

tam — unto Him; eva — certainly; saranam gaccha — surrender; sarva-bhavena — in all respects; bharata — O son of Bharata; tat-prasadat — by His grace; param — transcendental; santim — peace; sthanam — the abode; prapsyasi — you will get; sasvatam — eternal.

iti — thus; te — unto you; jnanam — knowledge; akhyatam — described; guhyat — than conﬁdential; guhya-taram — still more conﬁdential; maya — by Me; vimrsya — deliberating; etat — on this; asesena — fully; yatha — as; icchasi — you like; tatha — that; kuru — perform.

sarva-guhya-tamam — the most conﬁdential of all; bhuyah — again; srnu — just hear; me — from Me; paramam — the supreme; vacah — instruction; istah asi — you are dear; me — to Me; drdham — very; iti — thus; tatah — therefore; vaksyami — I am speaking; te — for your; hitam — beneﬁt.

mat-manah — thinking of Me; bhava — just become; mat-bhaktah — My devotee; mat-yaji — My worshiper; mam — unto Me; namaskuru — offer your obeisances; mam — unto Me; eva — certainly; esyasi — you will come; satyam — truly; te — to you; pratijane — I promise; priyah — dear; asi — you are; me — to Me.

sarva-dharman — all varieties of religion; parityajya — abandoning;
mam — unto Me; ekam — only; saranam — for surrender; vraja — go;
aham — I; tvam — you; sarva — all; papebhyah — from sinful reactions;
moksayisyami — will deliver; ma — do not; sucah — worry.

idam — this; te — by you; na — never; atapaskaya — to one who is not austere; na — never; abhaktaya — to one who is not a devotee; kadacana — at any time; na — never; ca — also; asusrusave — to one who is not engaged in devotional service; vacyam — to be spoken; na — never; ca — also; mam — toward Me; yah — anyone who; abhyasuyati — is envious.

yah — anyone who; idam — this; paramam — most; guhyam — conﬁdential secret; mat — of Mine; bhaktesu — amongst devotees; abhidhasyati — explains; bhaktim — devotional service; mayi — unto Me; param — transcendental; krtva — doing; mam — unto Me; eva — certainly; esyati — comes; asamsayah — without doubt.

na — never; ca — and; tasmat — than him; manusyesu — among men; kascit — anyone; me — to Me; priya-krt-tamah — more dear; bhavita — will become; na — nor; ca — and; me — to Me; tasmat — than him; anyah — another; priya-tarah — dearer; bhuvi — in this world.

adhyesyate — will study; ca — also; yah — he who; imam — this; dharmyam — sacred; samvadam — conversation; avayoh — of ours; jnana — of knowledge; yajnena — by the sacriﬁce; tena — by him; aham — I; istah — worshiped; syam — shall be; iti — thus; me — My; matih — opinion.

sraddha-van — faithful; anasuyah — not envious; ca — and; srnuyat — does hear; api — certainly; yah — who; narah — a man; sah — he; api — also; muktah — being liberated; subhan — the auspicious; lokan — planets; prapnuyat — he attains; punya-karmanam — of the pious.

kaccit — whether; etat — this; srutam — heard; partha — O son of Prtha; tvaya — by you; eka-agrena — with full attention; cetasa — by the mind; kaccit — whether; ajnana — of ignorance; sammohah — the illusion; pranastah — dispelled; te — of you; dhanan-jaya — O conqueror of wealth (Arjuna).

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; nastah — dispelled; mohah — illusion; smrtih — memory; labdha — regained; tvat-prasadat — by Your mercy; maya — by me; acyuta — O infallible Krsna; sthitah — situated; asmi — I am; gata — removed; sandehah — all doubts; karisye — I shall execute; vacanam — order; tava — Your.

sanjayah uvaca — Sanjaya said; iti — thus; aham — I; vasudevasya — of Krsna; parthasya — and Arjuna; ca — also; maha-atmanah — of the great soul; samvadam — discussion; imam — this; asrausam — have heard; adbhutam — wonderful; roma-harsanam — making the hair stand on end.

vyasa-prasadat — by the mercy of Vyasadeva; srutavan — have heard; etat — this; guhyam — conﬁdential; aham — I; param — the supreme; yogam — mysticism; yoga-isvarat — from the master of all mysticism; krsnat — from Krsna; saksat — directly; kathayatah — speaking; svayam — personally.

rajan — O King; samsmrtya — remembering; samsmrtya — remembering; samvadam — message; imam — this; adbhutam — wonderful; kesava — of Lord Krsna; arjunayoh — and Arjuna; punyam — pious; hrsyami — I am taking pleasure; ca — also; muhuh muhuh — repeatedly.

tat — that; ca — also; samsmrtya — remembering; samsmrtya — remembering; rupam — form; ati — greatly; adbhutam — wonderful; hareh — of Lord Krsna; vismayah — wonder; me — my; mahan — great; rajan — O King; hrsyami — I am enjoying; ca — also; punah punah — repeatedly.

yatra — where; yoga-isvarah — the master of mysticism; krsnah — Lord Krsna; yatra — where; parthah — the son of Prtha; dhanuh-dharah — the carrier of the bow and arrow; tatra — there; srih — opulence; vijayah — victory; bhutih — exceptional power; dhruva — certain; nitih — morality; matih mama — my opinion.

vacah — of speech; vegam — urge; manasah — of the mind; krodha — of anger; vegam — urge; jihva — of the tongue; vegam — urge; udara-upastha — of the belly and genitals; vegam — urge; etan — these; vegan — urges; yah — whoever; visaheta — can tolerate; dhirah — sober; sarvam — all; api — certainly; imam — this; prthivim — world; sah — that personality; sisyat — can make disciples.

ati-aharah — overeating or too much collecting; prayasah — over-endeavoring; ca — and; prajalpah — idle talking; niyama — rules and regulations; agrahah – too much attachment to (or agrahah – too much neglect of); jana-sangah — association with worldly-minded persons; ca — and; laulyam — ardent longing or greed; ca — and; sadbhih — by these six; bhaktih — devotional service; vinasyati — is destroyed.

utsahat — by enthusiasm; niscayat — by conﬁdence; dhairyat — by patience; tat-tat-karma — various activities favorable for devotional service; pravartanat — by performing; sanga-tyagat — by giving up the association of nondevotees; satah — of the great previous acaryas; vrtteh — by following in the footsteps; sadbhih — by these six; bhaktih — devotional service; prasidhyati — advances or becomes successful.

dadati — gives charity; pratigrhnati — accepts in return; guhyam — conﬁdential topics; akhyati — explains; prcchati — inquires; bhunkte — eats; bhojayate — feeds; ca — also; eva — certainly; sat-vidham — six kinds; priti — of love; laksanam — symptoms.

krsna — the holy name of Lord Krsna; iti — thus; yasya — of whom; giri — in the words or speech; tam — him; manasa — by the mind; adriyeta — one must honor; diksa — initiation; asti — there is; cet — if; pranatibhih — by obeisances; ca — also; bhajantam — engaged in devotional service; isam — unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead; susrusaya — by practical service; bhajana-vijñam — one who is advanced in devotional service; ananyam — without deviation; anya-ninda-adi — of blasphemy of others, etc; sunya — completely devoid; hrdam — whose heart; ipsita — desirable; sanga — association; labdhya — by gaining.

drstaih — seen by ordinary vision; svabhava-janitaih — born of one’s own nature; vapusah — of the body; ca — and; dosaih — by the faults; na — not; prakrtatvam — the state of being material; iha — in this world; bhakta-janasya — of a pure devotee; pasyet — one should see; ganga-ambhasam — of the Ganges waters; na — not; khalu — certainly; budbuda-phena-pankaih — by bubbles, foam and mud; brahma-dravatvam — the transcendental nature; apagacchati — is spoiled; nira-dharmaih — the characteristics of water.

syat — is; krsna — of Lord Krsna; nama — the holy name; carita-adi — character, pastimes and so forth; sita — sugar candy; api — although; avidya — of ignorance; pitta — by the bile; upatapta — afﬂicted; rasanasya — of the tongue; na — not; rocika — palatable; nu — oh, how wonderful it is; kintu — but; adarat — carefully; anudinam — every day, or twenty-four hours daily; khalu — naturally; sa — that (sugar candy of the holy name); eva — certainly; justa — taken or chanted; svadvi — relishable; kramat — gradually; bhavati — becomes; tat-gada — of that disease; mula — of the root; hantri — the destroyer.

tat — of Lord Krsna; nama — the holy name; rupa — form; carita-adi — character, pastimes and so on; su-kirtana — in discussing or chanting nicely; anusmrtyoh — and in remembering; kramena — gradually; rasana — the tongue; manasi — and one’s mind; niyojya — engaging; tisthan — residing; vraje — in Vraja; tat — to Lord Krsna; anuragi — attached; jana — persons; anugami — following; kalam — time; nayet — should utilize; akhilam — full; iti — thus; upadesa — of advice or instruction; saram — the essence.

vaikunthat — than Vaikuntha, the spiritual world; janitah — because of birth; vara — better; madhu-puri — the transcendental city known as Mathura; tatra api — superior to that; rasa-utsavat — because of the performance of the rasa-lila; vrnda-aranyam — the forest of Vrndavana; udara-pani — of Lord Krsna; ramanat — because of various kinds of loving pastimes; tatra api — superior to that; govardhanah — Govardhana Hill; radha-kundam — a place called Radha-kunda; iha api — superior to this; gokula-pateh — of Krsna, the master of Gokula; prema-amrta — with the nectar of divine love; aplavanat — because of being overﬂooded; kuryat — would do; asya — of this (Radha-kunda); virajatah — situated; giri-tate — at the foot of Govardhana Hill; sevam — service; viveki — who is intelligent; na — not; kah — who.

karmibhyah — than all fruitive workers; paritah — in all respects; hareh — by the Supreme Personality of Godhead; priyataya — because of being favored; vyaktim yayuh — it is said in the sastra; jñaninah — those advanced in knowledge; tebhyah — superior to them; jñana-vimukta — liberated by knowledge; bhakti-paramah — those engaged in devotional service; prema-eka-nisthah — those who have attained pure love of God; tatah — superior to them; tebhyah — better than them; tah — they; pasu-pala-pankaja-drsah — the gopis who are always dependent on Krsna, the cowherd boy; tabhyah — above all of them; api — certainly; sa — She; radhika — Srimati Radhika; prestha — very dear; tadvat — similarly; iyam — this; tadiya-sarasi — Her lake, Sri Radha-kunda; tam — Radha-kunda; na — not; asrayet — would take shelter of; kah — who; krti — most fortunate.

krsnasya — of Lord Sri Krsna; uccaih — very highly; pranaya-vasatih — object of love; preyasibhyah — out of the many lovable gopis; api — certainly; radha — Srimati Radharani; kundam — lake; ca — also; asyah — of Her; munibhih — by great sages; abhitah — in all respects; tadrk eva — similarly; vyadhayi — is described; yat — which; presthaih — by the most advanced devotees; api — even; alam — enough; asulabham — difﬁcult to obtain; kim — what; punah — again; bhakti-bhajam — for persons engaged in devotional service; tat — that; prema — love of Godhead; idam — this; sakrt — once; api — even; sarah — lake; snatuh — of one who has bathed; aviskaroti — arouses.

isa — by the Lord; avasyam — controlled; idam — this; sarvam — all; yat kinca — whatever; jagatyam — within the universe; jagat — all that is animate or inanimate; tena — by Him; tyaktena — set-apart quota; bhunjithah — you should accept; ma — do not; grdhah — endeavor to gain; kasya svit — of anyone else; dhanam — the wealth.

kurvan — doing continuously; eva — thus; iha — during this span of life; karmani — work; jijiviset — one should desire to live; satam — one hundred; samah — years; evam — so living; tvayi — unto you; na — no; anyatha — alternative; itah — from this path; asti — there is; na — not; karma — work; lipyate — can be bound; nare — unto a man.

asuryah — meant for the asuras; nama — famous by the name; te — those; lokah — planets; andhena — by ignorance; tamasa — by darkness; avrtah — covered; tan — those planets; te — they; pretya — after death; abhigacchanti — enter into; ye — anyone; ke — everyone; ca — and; atma-hanah — the killers of the soul; janah — persons.

anejat — fixed; ekam — one; manasah — than the mind; javiyah — more swift; na — not; enat — this Supreme Lord; devah — the demigods like Indra, etc.; apnuvan — can approach; purvam — in front; arsat — moving quickly; tat — He; dhavatah — those who are running; anyan — others; atyeti — surpasses; tisthat — remaining in one place; tasmin — in Him; apah — rain; matarisva — the gods who control the wind and rain; dadhati — supply.

tat — this Supreme Lord; ejati — walks; tat — He; na — not; ejati — walks; tat — He; dure — far away; tat — He; u — also; antike — very near; tat — He; antah — within; asya — of this; sarvasya — of all; tat — He; u — also; sarvasya — of all; asya — of this; bahyatah — external to.

yah — he who; tu — but; sarvani — all; bhutani — living entities; atmani — in relation to the Supreme Lord; eva — only; anupasyati — observes in a systematic way; sarva-bhutesu — in every living being; ca — and; atmanam — the Supersoul; tatah — thereafter; na — not; vijugupsate — hates anyone.

yasmin — in the situation; sarvani — all; bhutani — living entities; atma — the cit-kana, or spiritual spark; eva — only; abhut — exist as; vijanatah — of one who knows; tatra — therein; kah — what; mohah — illusion; kah — what; sokah — anxiety; ekatvam — oneness in quality; anupasyatah — of one who sees through authority, or one who sees constantly like that.

sah — that person; paryagat — must know in fact; sukram — the omnipotent; akayam — unembodied; avranam — without reproach; asnaviram — without veins; suddham — antiseptic; apapa-viddham — prophylactic; kavih — omniscient; manisi — philosopher; paribhuh — the greatest of all; svayambhuh — self-sufficient; yathatathyatah — just in pursuance of; arthan — desirables; vyadadhat — awards; sasvatibhyah — immemorial; samabhyah — time.

andham — gross ignorance; tamah — darkness; pravisanti — enter into; ye — those who; avidyam — nescience; upasate — worship; tatah — than that; bhuyah — still more; iva — like; te — they; tamah — darkness; ye — those who; u — also; vidyayam — in the culture of knowledge; ratah — engaged.

anyat — different; eva — certainly; ahuh — said; vid-yaya — by culture of knowledge; anyat — different; ahuh — said; avidyaya — by culture of nescience; iti — thus; susruma — I heard; dhiranam — from the sober; ye — who; nah — to us; tat — that; vicacaksire — explained.

vidyam — knowledge in fact; ca — and; avidyam — nescience; ca — and; yah — a person who; tat — that; veda — knows; ubhayam — both; saha — simultaneously; avidyaya — by culture of nescience; mrtyum — repeated death; tirtva — transcending; vidyaya — by culture of knowledge; amrtam — deathlessness; asnute — enjoys.

andham — ignorance; tamah — darkness; pravisanti — enter into; ye — those who; asambhutim — demigods; upasate — worship; tatah — than that; bhuyah — still more; iva — like that; te — those; tamah — darkness; ye — who; u — also; sambhutyam — in the Absolute; ratah — engaged.

anyat — different; eva — certainly; ahuh — it is said; sambhavat — by worshiping the Supreme Lord, the cause of all causes; anyat — different; ahuh — it is said; asambhavat — by worshiping what is not the Supreme; iti — thus; susruma — I heard it; dhiranam — from the undisturbed authorities; ye — who; nah — unto us; tat — about that subject matter; vicacaksire — perfectly explained.

sambhutim — the eternal Personality of Godhead, His transcendental name, form, pastimes, qualities and paraphernalia, the variegatedness of His abode, etc.; ca — and; vinasam — the temporary material manifestation of demigods, men, animals, etc., with their false names, fame, etc.; ca — also; yah — one who; tat — that; veda — knows; ubhayam — both; saha — along with; vinasena — with everything liable to be vanquished; mrtyum — death; tirtva — surpassing; sam-bhutya — in the eternal kingdom of God; amrtam — deathlessness; asnute — enjoys.

hiranmayena — by a golden effulgence; patrena — by a dazzling covering; satyasya — of the Supreme Truth; apihitam — covered; mukham — the face; tat — that covering; tvam — Yourself; pusan — O sustainer; apavrnu — kindly remove; satya — pure; dharmaya — unto the devotee; drstaye — for exhibiting.

pusan — O maintainer; eka-rse — the primeval philosopher; yama — the regulating principle; surya — the destination of the suris (great devotees); prajapatya — the well-wisher of the prajapatis (progenitors of mankind); vyuha — kindly remove; rasmin — the rays; samuha — kindly withdraw; tejah — effulgence; yat — so that; te — Your; rupam — form; kalyana-tamam — most auspicious; tat — that; te — Your; pasyami — I may see; yah — one who is; asau — like the sun; asau — that; purusah — Personality of Godhead; sah — myself; aham — I; asmi — am.

vayuh — air of life; anilam — total reservoir of air; amrtam — indestructible; atha — now; idam — this; bhasmantam — after being turned to ashes; sariram — body; om — O Lord; krato — O enjoyer of all sacrifices; smara — please remember; krtam — all that has been done by me; smara — please remember; krato — O supreme beneficiary; smara — please remember; krtam — all that I have done for You; smara — please remember.

agne — O my Lord, as powerful as fire; naya — kindly lead; supatha — by the right path; raye — for reaching You; asman — us; visvani — all; deva — O my Lord; vayunani — actions; vidvan — the knower; yuyodhi — kindly remove; asmat — from us; juhuranam — all hindrances on the path; enah — all vices; bhuyistham — most numerous; te — unto You; namah uktim — words of obeisance; vidhema — I do.

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Abhimana: Self-conception
Adhikara: Qualification
Anarthas: Activities and behaviours, unfavorable to bhakti.
Anartha-nivritti: Diminishing and removal of activities and behaviours, unfavorable to bhakti.
Anubhavas: External symptoms or effects of ecstatic internal experiences, arising from deep emotions as conscious wilful acts. These include dancing, loud laughter and crying, singing, heavy breathing, disregarding others and yawning. Anubhava is also used as a synonym for characteristics.
Anugraha: Mercy potency of Krishna, also known as kripa-sakti (page 235)
Anuragaugha: That eagerness that makes one qualified for doing raganuga-bhajana
Anuraga: That raga which makes the object of love experienced in ever-fresh ways and itself becomes ever-fresh; gives an experience of the hero with his form, qualities and sweetness, as if previously inexperienced; transforms by special thirst; experienced as if not experienced before.
Apana-dasa: The stage of attaining one’s spiritual identity and form (also called prapti) Asakti: Intense desire for Krishna. Deep attachment to Krishna and immersion in chanting and
lila-smaranam. The stage of bhakti after ruci.
Asraya: The reservoir and giver of love (counterpart to visaya: the object and receiver of love) Ashta-kaliya-lila: Eightfold pastimes according to the times of the day:
(1) nisanta – end of night
(2) pratah– morning
(3) purvahna – forenoon
(4) madhyahna – midday
(5) aparahna – afternoon
(6) sayam – early evening

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
(7) pradosha – nightfall (8) ratri – night
Atyantiki: Thorough
Bhajana-kriya: Learning how to practice bhakti. The stage of bhakti after sadhu-sanga.
Bhava: A ray of prema, or preliminary prema. Also, a term generally used to convey specific moods, emotions, feelings and ecstatic experiences.
It is also used in compound terms such as sthayi-bhava (the permanent and dominant emotional disposition in one of the four primary rasas), as well as the seven secondary emotions, gauna-ratis (page 238). These give rise to the anubhavas (external symptoms and activities from internal ecstatic symptoms) and sattvika-bhavas (special bodily transformations)
Bhava also means suddha-bhava – the final stage on the path of raganuga-bhakti which leads to prema. Leading up to this stage there may also be:
Kubhava: manifested by mayavadi impersonalists who engage in bhakti for liberation or for material enjoyment.(page 231).
Bhava-abhasa/raty-abhasa: a temporary incomplete semblance of bhava, with intermittent displays of the external ecstasies of bhava. Has two aspects – pratibimba: reflected. And chaya: shadow. (page 231-232)
Ekadasa-bhava: The eleven aspects of the siddha-deha (page 185): (1) name (nama)
(2) complexion or form (rupa)
(3) age (vayas)
(4) dress (vesa)
(5) relationship (sambandha)
(6) group (yutha)
(7) order (ajna): has two types nitya (specific) and naimittika (occasional) (8) service (seva)
2

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
(9) divine cherished ambition (parakastha) (10) maintainer (palyadasi)
(11) residence (nivasa)
Gana: Group
Hladini-sakti: Pleasure potency
Lobha: Spiritual greed for a relationship with Krishna in His lila. The thirst for attaining prema.
Mahabhava: The highest level of prema and the supreme, ultimate domain of ecstatic experiences in the realm of loving Krishna; reserved solely for Radha and Her sakhis; the stage whereby anuraga attains the state of being perceived by itself, is revealed externally through sattvika-bhavas, takes shelter of the highest raga, and spreads its influence in all devotees.
It has two stages of increasing intensity:
• Rudha-bhava: When sattvika-bhavas become very brilliant.
• Adhirudha-bhava: When the sattvika bhavas attain an inconceivably greater excellence than those of ruddha-bhava.
This has two types:
Modana: joyful, the ultimate activity of the hladina-sakti, the limit of sweetness, endowed with all auspiciousness, and most excellent.
Madana: intoxicating, the state of modana in separation; the experience of union and separation simultaneously, causing thousands of anubhavas to appear simultaneously; unites everything.
Mana: The stage of prema excelling sneha, which melts the heart, takes up non-cooperation to hide one’s intentions, and gives the experience of fresh sweetness. Has two types: madhu/ honey: manifestation of non-cooperation, and grita/ghi, unmanifest non-cooperation.
• Udatta/grita-sneha hides its non-cooperation and shows gentleness, or manifests non- cooperation slightly.
• Madhu/honey/adaksinyam-sneha means non-cooperation, either with an external show of cooperation or with an external show of slight non-cooperation. This floods the heart with an independent nature and is also called lalita-mana.
3

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Manjari: The nitya-sakhis who have affection for both Radha-Krishna, but with slightly more
affection for Radha. Prana-sakhis are the primary manjaris.
Naimittika-ajna: Occasional orders
Nishtha: Steadiness. Unshakable faith and steadiness in sadhana and bhajana.
Nitya-ajna: Specific orders
Paddhati: A systematic, step-by-step method of practice

# parakiya-rasa
Their attitude toward Krsna was that of paramour love. Therefore, the loving affairs of Krsna with the gopis are called parakiya-rasa – Krishna Book
Parakiya-bhava: Paramour (unmarried) love
amante

Prakata-lila/Aprakata-lila: Manifest/unmanifest pastimes
Prakasa: Dimension of awareness
Pranaya: The stage of prema excelling mana. Mana that exhibits intimacy. (page 244-245)
Has two types:
• Maitram: intimacy endowed with modesty, which may become sumaitrya when combined with udatta-sneha, (slightly manifest non-cooperation).
• Sakhya, or intimacy devoid of fear, which may become susakhya when combined with lalita-madhu-sneha, (non-cooperation).
Prema: Rati that is suitable for rasa. Pure rati at the stage where only the Lord and nothing else is the subject, and is thus suitable for pastimes. (page 239-240)
Has six stages of intensity: sneha, mana, pranaya, raga, anuraga and mahabhava.
Has three types: Praudha (in which separation is intolerable), madhya (in which the pain inflicted by separation is tolerable) and manda-prema (in which forgetfulness may occur in certain special circumstances). (page 241)
Raga: Literally, attachment: an intense, irresistable, spontaneous absorption in, and attachment to, the object or person of one’s attraction. A spontaneous deep thirst for the object of love. Raga is also the name of the stage of prema excelling pranaya, whereby suffering is removed by happiness in the heart on meeting Krishna.
It has two forms:
• Nilima (blue): has two forms:
4

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Nili: devoid of decrease, not clearly distinguishable, covers bhavas attached to it;
Syama: some timidity, revealing more qualities, takes a long time to reach perfection.
• Raktima (red): has two forms:
Manjishtha: never vanishes, does not depend on other elements, and increases its beauty constantly.

# Kusumbha: dependent on other elements, becomes permanent in contact with certain qualities, by mixing with other ragas becomes beautiful.

# Rasa: The relishable experience coming from the convergence of an optimal combination of elements, both personal and situational, arranged by the hladini-sakti. The experience which includes prema as its heart and other elements as stimulants to create varieties of flavors and intensity.
Taste in relation to rati:
• Primary rasa is in relation to devotee’s primary rati.
• Secondary rasa is in relation to devotee’s secondary rati.
Rasa compared to bhava: The state of bhava has awareness of the elements of rasa, the various emotions. The stage which surpasses such distinctions and attains astonishing taste is called rasa.
Rati: The unique loving disposition of a devotee, which is comprised of various bhavas. A portion of the samvit potency. The smallest divisible unit of prema. Literally means ‘pleasure’.
Has two types:
• Primary rati: also called “sthayi-bhava”: The specific type and nature of the love and attachment of a devotee for Krishna ( in one of the four primary Vraja relationships: dasya, sakya, vatsalya, madhurya)
• Secondary rati/gauna-rati- Seven specific emotions that may temporarily predominate sthayi-bhava. (page238)
Ruci: Desire for the Lord but with direction from the intellect. The stage of experiencing a genuine taste and attraction for Krishna from sadhana and bhajana. The stage of bhakti after nishtha.
Sadhaka: One who performs sadhana Sadhana: Devotional service in practice
5

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Sadhaka-rupa: The physical body of the practitioner, also known as sadhaka-deha Sadharani-rati: The unique loving disposition of the queens of Dwaraka.
Sadhya: Devotional service in perfection.
Sakhya-rasa: The rasa of bhakti in friendship.
Sakhis: In general, gopis call their intimate friends sakhi.
Samanjasa-rati: Affection as in Kubja, mixed with desire for personal enjoyment.
Sambhoga: Union between lovers- as compared to vipralambha, separation.
Samartha-rati: Rati in which the desire for enjoyment becomes one with it. (page 239)
Sampatti-dasa: The stage of accepting one’s spiritual form in Krishna’s unmanifest eternal pastimes.
Samskaras: The conditioned soul’s cumulative experiences, memories and impressions
Samvit-sakti: The Lord’s knowledge potency
Sancari-bhavas: The various emotions which appear from personal interactions, such as self- disparagement, despondency, humility, fatigue, pride, apprehension, excitement, madness, shyness, anxiety, fortitude, jubilation, ardent desire and others. Transitory emotions which nourish the dominant mood of the devotee. Also called vyabhicari-bhavas.
These sometimes produce anubhavas (external symptoms) and sometimes sattvika-bhavas (special bodily transformations).

Siddha-deha: The mentally conceived, perfect spiritual body, also known as siddha-rupa and atma-svarupa
Sneha: Literally means “melting”. Prema that ascends to its highest excellence, more fully illuminates the object of love, and liquefies the heart.
• Has two types: sama (equal affection for Radha/group leader and Krishna) and asama (unequal affection)
• Has two essential forms: 1. ghrita/ghi: sneha filled with the feeling of “I am His” and great respect and 2.madhu/honey: sneha filled with the feeling of “He is mine” and is intoxicating and heating like honey, due to feelings of possession. (page 242-243)
6

Glossary – The Realization and Manifestation of Your Eternal Identity
Sphurti: Momentary vision.
Sringara-rasa: Madhurya-rasa, the rasa of conjugal love.
Svarupa-siddhi: One’s eternal identity, bestowed by Krishna upon attaining bhava.
Sthayi-bhava: The permanent and dominant emotional disposition and loving nature of a particular devotee towards Krishna, in one of the four primary rasas.

# Uddipana
Specific stimulant for arousing love, such as Krishna’s physical attributes, His personality and qualities, His activities and objects associated with Him.
In the Agni Purana and other authoritative scriptures, that which increases one’s love for Krsna is said to be vibhava, and when Krsna is the objective, vibhava is described as alambana.
and the various stimulants for arousing love (uddipana)
Uddipanas include Krsna’s transcendental qualities, His activities, His beautiful smiling face and the aroma of His body, the sounds of His flute, ankle bells, and conch shell, the marks on the soles of His feet, His dwelling place and His paraphernalia of devotional service (such as tulasi leaves, devotees, ceremonial performances and Ekadasi).

Vama Nayika: Heroine
Varana-dasa: The stage of accepting (one’s spiritual form)
Vastu-siddhi: The final spiritual body obtained by taking birth from a nitya-siddha gopi in Krishna’s earthly pastimes. The stage of identity transformation after svarupa siddhi. It is the stage of sampatti-dasa.
Vibhava: Causes of stimulating and experiencing prema, including the combination of two persons (alamabana) and the various stimulants for arousing love (uddipana)

# Vipralambha
Separation between lovers. Has four types: prior to ever meeting (purva-raga), due to anger (mana), imagined separation (prema-vaicittyam), and actual separation after meeting (pravasa).

# Visaya:
The object and receiver of love (the counterpart to asraya: the reservoir and giver of love)

# Visrambha
confidentiality without reverence.

# Vyabhicari-bhavas:
Transitory emotions which appear from the personal interactions, such as self-disparagement, despondency, humility, fatigue, pride, apprehension, excitement, madness, shyness, anxiety, fortitude, jubilation, ardent desire and others. Transitory emotions which nourish the dominant mood of the devotee (sthayi-bhava). Also called sancari-bhavas.
Emotions include fortitude, jubilation, ardent desire, self-disparagement, despondency, humility, fatigue, pride, apprehension, shyness, excitement and anxiety.
These sometimes produce
# anubhavas (external symptoms)
and sometimes

# Yuthesvari: Group leader

bhavayati — maintains; esah — all these; sattvena — in the mode of goodness; lokan — all over the universe; vai — generally; loka-bhavanah — the master of all the universes; lila — pastimes; avatara — incarnation; anuratah — assuming the role; deva — the demigods; tiryak — lower animals; nara-adisu — in the midst of human beings. * Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

sutah uvaca — Suta said; jagrhe — accepted; paurusam — plenary portion as the purusa incarnation; rupam — form; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; mahat-adibhih — with the ingredients of the material world; sambhutam — thus there was the creation of; sodasa-kalam — sixteen primary principles; adau — in the beginning; loka — the universes; sisrksaya — on the intention of creating. * Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

yasya — whose; ambhasi — in the water; sayanasya — lying down; yoga-nidram — sleeping in meditation; vitanvatah — ministering; nabhi — navel; hrada — out of the lake; ambujat — from the lotus; asit — was manifested; brahma — the grandfather of the living beings; visva — the universe; srjam — the engineers; patih — master. * Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

yasya — whose; avayava — bodily expansion; samsthanaih — situated in; kalpitah — is imagined; loka — planets of inhabitants; vistarah — various; tat vai — but that is; bhagavatah — of the Personality of Godhead; rupam — form; visuddham — purely; sattvam — existence; urjitam — excellence. * Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

etat — this (form); nana — multifarious; avataranam — of the incarnations; nidhanam — source; bijam — seed; avyayam — indestructible; yasya — whose; amsa — plenary portion; amsena — part of the plenary portion; srjyante — create; deva — demigods; tiryak — animals; nara-adayah — human beings and others. * Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

a
• acarya: insegnante, maestro spirituale altamente qualificato. Deve fare parte di una successione spirituale autentica che risalga fino a Dio. Il suo compito consiste nel trasmettere, senza alterarlo, il messaggio spirituale originale e la sua stessa vita è l’esempio del suo insegnamento
acintya-bheda-abheda-tattva: dottrina secondo la quale l’anima è qualitativamente uguale a Dio ma quantitativamente diversa
adhyatmika-klesa: sofferenze causata dal proprio corpo o dalla propria mente
adhibautika-klesa: sofferenze causate da altri esseri viventi
adhidaivika-klesa: sofferenze causate da agenti atmosferici
adhikarana: argomenti
adhyaya: libri. Il Vedanta-sutra è composto di quattro adhyaya
Adi-kavaye: l’essere vivente originale di questo universo, cioè Brahma. Ma il termine può anche stare a indicare il Signore Originale Krishna
Adi-lila: il primo capitolo della Caitanya Caritamrta
Adi-purana: uno dei diciotto Purana
advaita-vada: filosofia monistica
ahankara (anche detto ego materiale o falso ego): il senso dell’io; credere di essere un qualcosa che in realtà non si è
ahimsa: filosofia della non-violenza
akarma: azione non soggetta alle leggi del karma e che, pertanto, provoca la liberazione dell’anima condizionata
ananda: una delle principali qualità dell’energia spirituale, la felicità
anartha: elementi dannosi, quindi indesiderabili. Sono gli attaccamenti e le debolezze materiali
anartha-nivrtti: lo stadio in cui ci si comincia a liberare dagli elementi dannosi
anarya: contrario di arya; una persona che ignora i valori giusti della vita
Angira: grande saggio dell’epoca vedica
Aniruddha: una delle espansioni plenarie del Signore Supremo
antaranga-sakti: l’energia spirituale, detta anche cit-sakti
anu-atma: anima infinitesimale. Uno dei nomi della jiva
Anumanta: nome del Paramatma, che significa “l’autorità che sanziona le reazioni”
apara-prakrti: energia inferiore o materiale
api: termine sanscrito che significa “nonostante ciò”
apihitam: coperto. Il vero volto del Signore, afferma la Isa Upanisad, è coperto, non si può vedere perché celato da una luce accecante
Arjuna: il terzo dei fratelli Pandava e amico intimo di Krishna
arjuna: un tipo di albero
artha: sviluppo economico
artha: le persone che soffrono e che quindi sono stanche dell’esistenza materiale. Per l’intensa frustrazione, si rivolgono a Krishna, il quale indica loro la strada da seguire
artha-arthi: coloro che a Dio chiedono ricchezza, realizzarsi in questo mondo, sapendo bene che le attività spirituali talvolta possono essere economicamente remunerative
asatah: non-permanente
Asvamedha Parva: uno dei capitoli del Maha-bharata
asura: razza di esseri demoniaci
asuram bhavam asritah: atei dichiarati
Atharva Veda: uno dei quattro Veda. Tratta degli aspetti tecnici riguardanti i sacrifici
atma: vedi jiva
atmarama: colui che è soddisfatto nel sé
avatara: colui che discende dal mondo spirituale per beneficiare gli uomini
avidya: ignoranza

b
bahiranga-sakti: l’energia materiale
Baladeva Vidyabhusana: grande santo vissuto nell’ottocento. E’ l’autore del Govinda-bhasya, uno dei migliori commenti ai Vedanta-sutra
Balarama: prima emanazione plenaria di Krishna. Sulla Terra era Suo fratello maggiore.
Bali: re degli asura; fu ingannato da Vamana, una delle incarnazioni di Krishna, e spogliato di ogni cosa
Banasura: demone ucciso da Krishna
banyano: albero sacro che cresce in India
Bhagavata Purana: uno dei nomi dello Srimad-Bhagavatam
Bhagavad-gita: uno dei più importanti testi filosofici e devozionali dell’India, studiato e praticato da millenni
Bhagavan: colui che possiede pienamente le sei qualità, che sono la bellezza, la ricchezza, la fama, la potenza, la saggezza e la rinuncia
Bhagavat: lo stesso di Bhagavan
bhajana-kriya: stadio in cui il discepolo ottiene l’iniziazione da un maestro spirituale autentico
bhakta: il devoto, che mette tutto sé stesso al servizio di Krishna
bhakti: amore e devozione per il Signore
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu: scritto da Rupa Gosvami, è un importante testo che tratta della pura devozione
Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati: il maestro spirituale di Prabhupada
Bhaktivedanta Svami Maharaja Prabhupada: fondatore e maestro spirituale del movimento per la coscienza di Krishna. Uno dei più importanti santi dell’ultimo secolo
Bhaktivinode Thakura: grande maestro spirituale scomparso all’inizio di questo secolo
bhakti-yoga: sommo sistema di realizzazione spirituale. E’ il servizio di devozione alla Suprema Personalità di Dio, Sri Krishna
Bharata: il figlio di ¬sabha, da cui la nazione indiana prese il nome di Bharata-varsa. Divenne famoso perché cadde da una posizione spiritualmente elevata per l’attaccamento a un cervo
bhava: stadio preliminare di amore spirituale per Dio
Bhisma: il figlio di Santanu e Ganga. Guerriero invincibile e grande autorità in materia di conoscenza spirituale Bhisma Parva: uno dei capitoli del Maha-bharata
bhokta: uno dei nomi del Paramatma: significa “colui che mantiene e sostiene l’anima condizionata”
Bhrgu: antico saggio
Bhumi: la dea che governa il pianeta Terra
Bhur-loka: il sistema planetario inferiore
Bhuvar-loka: il sistema planetario mediano
Bilvamangala Thakur: grande santo che si salvò dall’attaccamento per le donne e per la famiglia
brahma: stato interiore di trascendenza acquisita
Brahma: il primo essere dell’universo creato direttamente da Visnu
Brahma-gaudiya sampradaya: una delle linee di maestri attraverso le quali la conoscenza spirituale viene tramandata
brahma-jijnasa: porre domande su Brahman, la realtà spirituale
Brahmajyoti: la luce spirituale onnipervadente che sprigiona dal corpo del Signore
Brahma-loka: il pianeta dove vive Brahma, il primo essere del creato
Brahma-loka: i pianeti spirituali
brahma-loka: la manifestazione impersonale di Sri Krishna
brahma-muhurta: momento della giornata particolarmente adatto alle pratiche spirituali. Cade circa un’ora e mezzo prima del sorgere del sole
brahman: letteralmente. “spirito”, o energia spirituale. Denomina anche la luce che emana dal corpo di Krishna
brahmana: la classe degli intellettuali e dei religiosi nella società vedica
brahmanda: l’uovo cosmico, l’universo materiale
Brahma-samhita: le preghiere di Brahma. Uno dei più importanti testi vedici. Sfortunatamente, a noi è giunto solo il quinto capitolo
Brhad-aranyaka Upanisad: una delle 108 Upanisad
Buddha: avatara divino disceso su questa Terra all’inizio di Kali-yuga per insegnare la non-violenza e mettere fine ai sacrifici degli animali
buddhi: intelligenza

c
Caitanya: vedi Caitanya Mahaprabhu
Caitanya Bhagavata: libro che narra la vita e gli insegnamenti di Caitanya. Vrndavana das Thakur ne è l’autore
Caitanya Caritamrta: libro scritto da Krishnadas Kaviraja Gosvami. Descrive la vita e gli insegnamenti di Sri Caitanya
Caitanya Mahaprabhu: avatara disceso in India circa 500 anni fa per insegnare agli uomini la via della realizzazione spirituale. Diffuse il canto dei santi nomi di Krishna e lottò, così, contro gli influssi degradanti di Kali-yuga. Sebbene fosse Dio stesso, volle giocare il ruolo del devoto per mostrare come poter risvegliare l’amore spirituale
Candravali: una delle due gopi preferite da Krishna
Chandogya Upanisad: una delle 108 Upanisad
cit: qualità di cognizione spirituale
Citraka: uno degli amici di Krishna durante il periodo in cui questi visse a Vrndavana
cit-sakti: l’energia spirituale

d
daivi-prakrti: l’energia divina
Dandaka: la foresta infestata dai demoni ove Rama visse per qualche tempo
dasya-rasa: servizio devozionale attivo
dehina: “quello che è dentro il corpo”, cioè l’anima.
deva: esseri celesti dotati di poteri sufficienti per governare i fenomeni della creazione universale
Devaki: la madre di Krishna
dhama: città, paese, luogo sacro
dharma: l’insieme delle norme che regolano la vita al fine di ottenere la meta ultima dell’esistenza umana. Ma significa anche la qualità inerente un dato oggetto
Dhruva: grande devoto di Krishna
dhoti: tradizionale indumento maschile, usato in India
diksa: iniziazione spirituale formale
diksa-guru: il maestro che concede il diksa
Drona: il maestro d’armi dei Pandava e dei Kaurava
Durga: dea-personificazione della natura materiale
Duryodhana: responsabile principale della guerra di Kuruksetra.
Dvapara-yuga: terzo yuga di un ciclo di quattro (maha-yuga): dura 864.000 anni
Dvaraka: la capitale del regno di Krishna
dvitiya: letteralmente “il secondo”. Si riferisce alla materia, in quanto è effetto dello spirito

g
gandiva: l’arco di Arjuna costruito personalmente da Brahma. Il Pandava lo ricevette da Agni
Gange: il fiume santo più famoso e sacro dell’India
Garbhodaka: l’oceano sul quale si sdraia Garbhodakasayi-Visnu
Garbhodakasayi-Visnu: il secondo dei Purusa-avatara. Con questa espansione, il Signore entra in ciascun universo
Gaudiya-Vaisnava: il movimento devozionale fondato da Caitanya Mahaprabhu, così chiamato perché ebbe i suoi natali nel territorio di Gauda (Bengala)
gaura-vani-pracara: colui che predica ovunque il messaggio di Caitanya
Gokula: il paese in cui abitarono i genitori adottivi di Krishna
Goloka Vrndavana: il pianeta spirituale in cui Krishna vive per l’eternità
gosvami: colui che ha pieno controllo dei suoi sensi
Gosvami (i) di Vrndavana: sei grandi devoti di Caitanya del sedicesimo secolo che vissero e predicarono a Vrndavana
gopa: i pastori
gopi: le pastorelle. Furono amiche e amanti spirituali di Krishna durante la sua giovinezza. Per il loro amore puro, rappresentano il più alto stadio di realizzazione spirituale
Govinda: appellativo di Krishna, che significa “colui che dà piacere alle mucche e ai sensi”
Govinda-bhasya: il commento di Baladeva Vidyabhusana al Vedanta-sutra di Vyasa
Gujarat: regione dell’India occidentale
guna: modi (o influenze) della natura materiale. Sono tre: sattva-guna (virtù), rajo-guna (passione) e tamo-guna (ignoranza). Tra le altre cose determinano il modo di essere, di pensare e di agire dell’anima che condizionano.
guru: maestro, guida spirituale

h
Hanuman: grande devoto di Rama e figlio di Vayu, il deva del vento. Aveva le sembianze di una scimmia
Hare Krishna: il movimento spirituale fondato da Srila Prabhupada che si impegna nella diffusione delle glorie di Krishna.
Hare Krishna: il Maha-mantra, grande canto della liberazione:
Hare Krishna, Hare Krishna
Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare
Hare Rama, Hare Rama
Rama Rama, Hare Hare
hladini-sakti: vedi Radha.

i
Indra: re dei deva. Controlla la pioggia e la folgore. Regna sui pianeti superiori e su tutti gli altri esseri celesti
Isa: il Signore Supremo nel suo aspetto personale
Isa Upanisad: altro nome per la Sri Isopanisad.
Isvara Puri: il maestro spirituale di Caitanya Mahaprabhu

j
Jada Bharata: grande saggio, protagonista di uno dei capitoli più belli della Srimad-Bhagavatam
Jaimini: noto saggio dell’epoca vedica e discepolo di Vyasa
jainisti: seguaci di Mahavira
janma-ady-asya: colui che crea, mantiene e distrugge l’universo
japa: il canto e la meditazione sui mantra
jijnasu: i curiosi; coloro che sono desiderosi di conoscere non per un sincero desiderio di amare e servire Dio, ma per pura sete di conoscenza.
jnana-bhakti: conoscenza devozionale
jnana-misra-bhakta: devoti il cui servizio devozionale è misto alla conoscenza empirica
jnani: coloro che desiderano la conoscenza dell’Assoluto, spesso col velato desiderio di diventare tutt’uno con esso
jiva: (vedi anche atma, anima, jivatma, ecc.): l’anima individuale
Jiva Gosvami: uno dei sei gosvami di Vrndavana
jiva-sakti: (vedi anche energia marginale o tatastha-sakti) una delle tre principali energie del Signore. E’ l’energia di cui sono costituite le anime individuali
jivatma: vedi jiva

k
kaitava: inganno, truffa
kaitava-vada: filosofia che propone qualcosa di ingannevole
Kaivalya: il cielo spirituale
kala: il Tempo Eterno
Kala: personalità che governa lo scorrere del tempo
Kali: la personalità che governa su Kali-yuga
Kali-yuga: l’ultima delle quattro ere, la più degenerata. Dura 432.000 anni ed è cominciata appena 5.000 anni fa. E’ caratterizzata dalla progressiva scomparsa dei principi della religione e da un incremento dell’attrazione alle cose della materia
kalpa: giorno di Brahma, cioè mille volte il ciclo completo delle quattro ere
kalpataru: l’albero dei desideri che si trova a Krishna-loka
kama: desideri per la gratificazione dei propri sensi
Kamsa: zio di Krishna. Personalità di natura demoniaca. Fu ucciso dallo stesso nipote
kamya-karma: attività che hanno come fine il raggiungimento di certi risultati, con i quali si possono soddisfare le proprie aspirazioni materiali
Kanada: uno dei sei grandi saggi dell’India. Fu il maggiore propugnatore della teoria atomistica
Kapila: avatara apparso durante il Satya-yuga nella famiglia di Kardama Muni e Devahuti per esporre la filosofia del Sankhya devozionale
Kapila: omonimo del figlio di Devahuti, congegnò un sistema filosofico chiamato anche questo Sankhya che, tuttavia, giungeva a conclusioni atee
karana: causa. Su un mare chiamato l’Oceano delle Cause si sdraia Karanodakasayi-Visnu e dalla Sua pelle fuoriescono gli universi materiali
Karanodakasayi-Visnu: uno dei nomi di Maha-Visnu
karana-jala: le acque dell’Oceano Causale
Karana-samudra: l’Oceano Causale
karatala: strumenti musicali. Sono dei cembali da suonare a mano
karma:
1. legge della natura secondo cui ogni azione materiale, buona o cattiva, comporta una conseguenza che lega il suo autore all’esistenza condizionata e al ciclo delle nascite e morti
2. ogni atto conforme alle regole del karma-kanda
3. l’azione nel suo significato più generale
4. le conseguenze dell’azione
karma-kanda: attività interessate
karmi: coloro che con le proprie azioni cercano di ottenere il piacere dei sensi. Ma alcune volte vengono così denominati anche i karma-yogi
kasmalam: impurità, sporcizia
Katha Upanisad: una delle 108 Upanisad
Kausitaki Upanisad: una delle 108 Upanisad
Kaurava: i discendenti di Kuru
kavih: persona onnisciente
Kesi: demone dal corpo di cavallo ucciso da Krishna
kirtana: canto devozionale congregazionale accompagnato da musiche
klesa: sofferenze causate dalla natura materiale. Vengono classificate in quelle causate dal corpo e dalla mente, dagli agenti atmosferici e dalle altre entità viventi
Krishna: Il nome originale di Dio. Significa “l’Infinitamente Affascinante”
Krishnadas Kaviraja: autore del Caitanya Caritamrta
Krishna-karnamrta: scritto devozionale
Krishna-loka: altro nome per Goloka Vrndavana
ksetra: il campo. In genere ci si riferisce al corpo, che è il campo d’azione dell’anima
ksetrajna: il “conoscitore del corpo”. In genere è riferito alla jiva, ma talvolta vuole anche indicare il Supremo
ksira: latte
Kumara: i quattro grandi saggi figli di Brahma
Kurma: incarnazione di Visnu che assunse la forma di una tartaruga
Kuru: antenato dei Pandava
Kuru-nandana: uno dei nomi di Krishna. Significa l’amato dei Kuru
Kuruksetra: la sacra piana dove Kuru svolse le sue ascesi e dove si combatté la terribile battaglia che prende il nome proprio da questo sito. Ancora oggi è un importante luogo di pellegrinaggio
Kuvera: il deva delle ricchezze

l
Laksmi: la compagna eterna di Visnu. E’ la dea della fortuna
lila: azione spirituale condotta non per obbligo ma per il piacere
Lila-avatara: manifestazioni divine che in epoche diverse discendono nell’universo materiale per compiervi attività di piacere spirituale
m
Madana-mohana: nome di Krishna. Significa “colui che confonde con la sua bellezza”
Madhurya Kadambini: testo redatto da Visvanath Cakravarti
madhurya-rasa: relazione spirituale d’amore coniugale
Madhva: uno dei più grandi maestri spirituali della storia, vissuto dal 1238 al 1317
Madhvacarya: letteralmente, “il maestro Madhva”
Madhya-lila: la seconda parte del Caitanya Caritamrta
Maha-bharata: la storia scritta da Vyasa che narra, tra le altre cose, le gesta dei Pandava e gli eventi che portarono alla battaglia di Kuruksetra
Maha-sankarsana: una delle espansioni di Krishna
mahat: altro appellativo per mahat-tattva
maha-tattva: l’insieme dei 24 elementi della natura materiale
Maharaja: appellativo con cui ci si rivolgeva ai re. Talvolta veniva usato anche per onorare i brahmana
Mahavira: importante riformatore religioso dell’India vissuto circa 500 anni prima del Cristo
Maha-Visnu: il primo dei tre Purusa-avatara. Da Lui proviene la creazione degli universi materiali e in Lui ritornano
maha-yuga: ciclo delle quattro ere. Composto da Satya-yuga, Treta-yuga, Dvapara-yuga, Kali-yuga, dura in tutto dura 4.320.000 anni
Maitreya: saggio famoso per la sua vasta conoscenza
mala: corona usata per cantare il japa
manas: la mente
mangala: di buon auspicio
mangala aratrika: cerimonia “di buon auspicio” che si svolge durante l’ora del giorno chiamata brahma-muhurta
Manigriva: uno dei due figli di Kuvera, che erano stati maledetti da un saggio a vivere per lungo tempo nel corpo di albero per poi essere liberati da Krishna
manisi: il filosofo
mantra: vedi anche maha-mantra. Vibrazioni sonore, parole, preghiere che vengono recitate per purificare la propria mente o anche per evocare armi terribili
Manu: il progenitore dell’umanità. Fu il primo essere a venire su questo pianeta che fino a quel momento era stato disabitato. Scrisse la Manu-samhita
Manvantara-avatara: incarnazioni divine. Sono i Manu, i progenitori dell’umanità
Mathura: città santa dell’India che Krishna scelse per apparire in questo mondo
Matsya: l’avatara di Visnu che assunse la forma di pesce
Maya: (letteralmente. ciò che non è, l’illusione) energia illusoria. Sotto il suo influsso, l’anima condizionata crede di poter essere felice lontano dalla sua natura vera, identificandosi così con l’energia materiale, cioè col corpo, con la mente e l’intelligenza materiale. Dimentica della relazione eterna che la unisce a Dio e condizionata da questa energia, la jiva si lancia alla ricerca dei piaceri di questo mondo e si incatena sempre più al ciclo di nascite e morti
maya-sakti: l’energia di cui è composta la materia
mayavadi: sostenitori della filosofia mayavada. Secondo la loro teoria tutto è falso e l’unica realtà è la natura spirituale
mayayapahrta-jnana: quegli intellettuali che credono di avere una grande conoscenza ma che al contrario ignorano le cose fondamentali della vita umana
moksa: la liberazione
mrdanga: strumento musicale a percussione
mudha: gli sciocchi, paragonabili ad asini da soma
mukha: volto
mukti: vedi moksa
muni: pensatore, filosofo, saggio

n
Naimisa: foresta sacra ancora esistente in India, che fu luogo d’incontro di grandi saggi e teatro di numerosi avvenimenti spirituali del passato. Vi furono recitati la Srimad-Bhagavatam e il Maha-bharata
Nalakuvara: uno dei due figli di Kuvera, che erano stati maledetti da un saggio a vivere per lungo tempo in un corpo di albero, per poi essere liberati da Krishna
Nanda: il padre adottivo di Krishna. Era il più rispettato dei pastori di Vrndavana
Nanda Maharaja: vedi Nanda
Nandigrama: il paese in cui i pastori di Gokula si trasferirono dopo essere stati minacciati dai numerosi attacchi dei demoni
Narada: uno dei saggi più celebri e stimati
naradhama: il più “basso” dell’umanità
Narahari dasa: grande santo Vaisnava
Naraka-loka: mondi costituiti di elementi sottili dove la vita è particolarmente tenebrosa e demoniaca. Coloro che hanno la sventura di terminarvi conducono un’esistenza di estrema sofferenza
Nara-narayana Rsi: una delle precedenti incarnazioni di Arjuna e Krishna
Narayana: una delle espansioni plenarie del Signore
nastika: ateo
Nimai: nome dell’adolescente Caitanya
Nimbarka: grande maestro Vaisnava
nirguna: privo di attributi materiali
Nirguna Brahman: la natura spirituale priva dei difetti della materia
nirvana:
1) stato interiore che pone fine all’esistenza materiale e precede l’attività devozionale.
2) Termine buddhista che indica lo stato di perfezione caratterizzato dalla negazione di qualsiasi caratteristica
nistha: stabilità. Uno degli stadi della bhakti
nitya: eterno
nitya-baddha: anime eternamente condizionate
nitya-sakhi: le gopi vengono suddivise in varie gruppi: le nitya-sakhi sono uno di questi
nitya-siddha: anime eternamente liberate
Nrsimha: una delle incarnazioni di Visnu, che assunse la forma di mezzo uomo e mezzo leone

p
pada: capitoli
Paila ¬si: un discepolo di Vyasa
Pandava: i figli di Pandu. Si chiamavano Yudhisthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva
Pandu: grande re della dinastia Kuru
parama-guru: maestro del maestro
parama-prestha-sakhi: una delle classificazioni delle gopi
Paramatma: lett. Anima Suprema. E’ la forma del Signore che dimora nel cuore di ogni essere vivente
param: assoluto
param bhavam: la natura trascendentale
parampara: successione di maestri spirituali
para-prakrti: l’energia spirituale
parva: capitolo, sezione
pasu: animale
Parasara: il saggio che generò Vyasa dal ventre di Satyavati
Parasurama: incarnazione divina che sterminò ventuno generazioni di guerrieri
paravyoma: il cielo spirituale
Pariksit: il discendente dei Pandava, a cui Krishna ridonò la vita. Era nipote di Arjuna
Patanjali: grande filosofo, autore dello Yoga-sutra e maestro dell’Astanga-yoga
Patraka: uno degli amici d’infanzia di Krishna
Prabhupada: uno dei più importanti maestri spirituali dell’epoca moderna
Prabhupada-lilamrta: la biografia di Prabhupada redatta da uno dei suoi discepoli
pradhana: stato in cui gli elementi materiali sono non manifesti e non differenziati
Pradyumna: uno dei figli di Krishna
prakrta-sahajiya: falsi devoti e spiritualisti
prakrti: l’energia materiale
prakrti: la jiva
pralaya: la dissoluzione degli universi materiali
prana-sakhi: una delle classificazioni delle gopi
Pratardana: monarca dell’epoca vedica
prema: stadio finale della bhakti, in cui il puro amore per Dio si risveglia in modo pieno
prema-bhakti: vedi prema
priya-sakhi: una delle classificazioni delle gopi
Purana: letteratura vedica che tratta di storia e filosofia. Le principali sono diciotto
Purnaprajna: uno dei nomi di Madhva
Purnaprajna-bhasya: il commento ai sutra del Vedanta scritti da Madhva
Purusa: il principio maschile. E’ Dio, il beneficiario supremo di tutto. In subordine, talvolta si usa anche per indicare l’essere incarnato, colui che gode della materia
Purusa-avatara: una delle diverse incarnazioni di Krishna. Sono tre, Maha-Visnu, Garbhodakasayi-Visnu e Ksirodakasayi- Visnu
Purusottama: altro nome di Krishna. Significa la Persona Suprema

r
raga-bhakti: stadio in cui oramai si serve Dio in modo spontaneo, tanto che le regolazioni non servirebbero più
Radha: la compagna eterna di Krishna. Era la preferita fra le gopi. Personificazione della potenza d’amore (hladini-sakti), rappresenta la perfezione massima dell’amore e della devozione
Radharani: vedi Radha
rajas: la passione. E’ uno dei tre guna, o modi della natura materiale. Sotto il suo influsso si sviluppano l’avidità, un forte attaccamento alle cose materiali, desideri incontrollabili e aspirazioni ardenti. Coloro che subiscono il suo influsso sono sempre insoddisfatti, cercano continuamente di migliorare la loro condizione materiale e di godere sempre più dei frutti del loro lavoro. Tale energia è gestita da Brahma
Rama: il protagonista del Ramayana. E’ un’incarnazione di Visnu. Ma è anche un altro dei nomi del Supremo, che significa fonte inesauribile di felicità
Ramanuja: grande maestro Vaisnava
Ramayana: la storia che narra le gesta di Rama
rasa: succo, gusto. Particolare relazione spirituale
rati: uno degli stadi più alti dell’amore divino
Rig Veda: uno dei quattro Veda, che tratta degli inni di lode ai deva e alle personalità divine
Romaharsana: saggio, padre di Suta Gosvami
ruci: gusto. Stadio in cui si comincia a sentire felicità nell’adempimento del servizio devozionale
Rudra: uno dei nomi di Siva. Significa colui che urla
Rupa Gosvami: uno dei sei Gosvami di Vrndavana. Fervente devoto di Caitanya Mahaprabhu, scrisse molto ed edificò numerosi templi
rupa: forma

s
Saci: la madre di Caitanya
sadhana-bhakti: stadio in cui la bhakti deve essere praticata anche se provoca inconvenienti di vario tipo
sadhu-sanga: la compagnia dei saggi
saguna: fornito di qualità. Riferito al Supremo, significa che possiede qualità spirituali
sakhi: le gopi

# sakhya, fraternity
sakya-rasa: relazione fondata sull’amicizia

Sama Veda: uno dei quattro Veda. Tratta delle funzioni liturgiche (sama significa melodia)
sampradaya: tradizione spirituale
samsara: il ciclo delle morti e delle rinascite. Meccanismo per il quale la jiva, sottoponendosi a continue trasmigrazioni, vaga di corpo in corpo, di pianeta in pianeta, di universo in universo
samvit: l’energia conoscitiva del Supremo
sanatana-dharma: l’eterna posizione (o natura) di ogni essere, che consiste in un rapporto eterno, fatto di amore e devozione, con Krishna
Sanatana Gosvami: uno dei sei Gosvami di Vrndavana. Era fratello di Rupa Gosvami
sandhini: energia divina che permette a ogni cosa di esistere
Sandipani Muni: l’insegnante di Krishna
Sanjaya: il discepolo di Vyasa che raccontò a Dhrtarastra la guerra di Kuruksetra
Sankarsana: una delle espansioni di Krishna. Provvede, tra le altre cose, alla dissoluzione dell’universo materiale
Sankhya:
1. sistema filosofico promosso dall’avatara Kapila; consiste di uno studio analitico della jiva e della natura materiale, e di un’analisi comparata delle due
2. sistema speculativo formulato da un altro filosofo, che pure si chiamava Kapila, susseguente al primo. Consiste di un’analisi puramente materiale del mondo fenomenico e di una enumerazione dei principi cosmici
sanscrito: la lingua con la quale è stata scritta tutta la letteratura vedica
sat: qualità di esistenza
sat-cit-ananda: eternità, conoscenza e felicità
satah: permanente
sattva: virtù. E’ uno dei tre guna, o modi della natura materiale. Il suo influsso comporta conoscenza, felicità, purezza, controllo dei sensi, serenità, umiltà, modestia e moderazione.
satyam: la verità originale
Satyavati: la madre di Vyasa
Satyavrata Muni: importante saggio. E’ autore del Damodarastaka
Satya-yuga: la prima e la più evoluta delle ere. Dura 1.728.000 anni ed è caratterizzata da un’umanità altamente virtuosa
sakti: energia

Sankara: altro nome di Siva
Sankara: maestro spirituale che diffuse la filosofia dell’impersonalismo
Sankaracarya: vedi Sankara, il maestro
santa: passività, o neutralità
santa-rasa: rapporto in cui il devoto serve in modo esternamente passivo
Sariraka-bhasya: il commento ai Vedanta-sutra scritto da Sankara
sastra: scritture sacre autentiche
siksa: istruzioni spirituali
siksa-guru: il maestro che impartisce gli insegnamenti
Siva: uno dei deva più importanti, e’ un’espansione parziale i Narayana. Conosciuto con numerosi altri nomi, tra i quali Rudra e Sankara, è incaricato di distruggere l’universo alla fine della vita di Brahma
Siva Purana: una delle 18 Purana
sloka: espressione poetica con cui sono stati scritti quasi tutti i testi vedici
sraddha: fede, ma anche impeto iniziale per la ricerca di Dio
sri: epiteto onorifico. E’ anche un nome della dea della fortuna, Laksmi
Sri-bhasya: il commento al Vedanta-sutra redatto da Ramanuja
Sri Damodarastaka: preghiera in otto parti scritta da Satyavrata Muni
Sridhara: una delle personalità di Visnu. Possiede un pianeta nell’universo spirituale
Sri Isopanisad: una delle più importanti fra le 108 Upanisad
srila: vedi sri
Srila Gurudeva: epiteto onorifico con cui il discepolo si rivolge al proprio maestro spirituale
Srimad-Bhagavatam: detto anche Bhagavata Purana, è il testo più puro ed elevato fra tutte le scritture vediche. Narra i divertimenti eterni di Krishna e dei suoi puri devoti. E’ il commento originale del Vedanta-sutra scritto da Vyasa stesso
srimati: voce femminile di sri
Sri Upadesamrta: lett. “Il Nettare delle Istruzioni”. Importante scritto di Rupa Gosvami
srivatsa: un ciuffo di peli che Visnu porta sul petto, nel quale è detto che ci sia Laksmi, la dea della fortuna
sunya-vada: filosofia del vuoto
Syamasundara: la meravigliosa forma di Krishna che suona il flauto a Vrndavana
srutidhara: in possesso di una memoria formidabile
Svetasvatara Upanisad: una delle 108 Upanisad
Skanda Purana: una delle 18 Purana
Surabhi: la mucca divina tanto cara al Signore Govinda
Suta Gosvami: quando Sukadeva parlò lo Srimad-Bhagavatam, questo saggio era presente e poté così trasmetterlo ai saggi di Naimisa. Recitò anche il Maha-bharata
Sukadeva Gosvami: Uno tra i più importanti trascendentalisti. Era figlio di Vyasa. Da suo padre ricevette l’insegnamento del Bhagavatam quando ancora era nel ventre della madre, e più tardi lo trasmise a Pariksit
sutra: aforisma, esposizione succinta
svamsa: espansioni personali di Dio, come ad esempio il Paramatma
Svarga-loka: i pianeti superiori, dove, al momento della morte, si recano coloro che hanno condotto un’esistenza virtuosa
Svarupa Damodara Gosvami: uno dei principali devoti di Caitanya
Svetadvipa: pianeta del nostro sistema in cui risiede Ksirodakasayi Visnu

t
tamas: uno dei tre guna. La sua influenza comporta illusione, confusione, ozio e uso di sostanze intossicanti
tatastha: margini, confini
tatastha-avastha: dimensione in cui vive la jiva, l’anima individuale. In questo luogo non c’è l’influenza dell’energia materiale, ma neanche quella dell’energia spirituale
tatastha-sakti: energia marginale. Detta anche jiva-sakti, è una delle tre principali energie del Signore. E’ costituita dagli esseri viventi, parti infinitesimali di Krishna, la cui peculiarità è che, sebbene siano di natura spirituale, possono cadere sotto l’illusione dell’energia materiale
tilaka: segno di buon auspicio che si traccia sul corpo con l’argilla del Gange o di altri luoghi sacri
Treta-yuga: la seconda delle epoche del mondo. Dura 1.296.000 anni
Tri-yuga: uno dei nomi di Krishna. Così chiamato perché in genere non appare mai personalmente in Kali-yuga

u
Ugrasena: il re di Mathura al tempo della nascita di Krishna. Era suo nonno
Upadrasta: nome del Paramatma. Significa il testimone
Upanisad: importanti scritture filosofiche vediche. Le principali sono 108
Uttara-pradesh: uno degli stati dell’India

v
Vaikuntha: i pianeti spirituali
Vaikuntha-dhama: vedi Vaikuntha
Vaikuntha-loka: vedi Vaikuntha
Vaisampayana: uno dei discepoli di Vyasa. Narrò il Maha-bharata in occasione del sacrificio dei serpenti di Janamejaya
vaisnava: devoto di Visnu o Krishna
Vallabha: importante Vaisnava del sedicesimo secolo
Vamadeva: personaggio della letteratura vedica. E’ menzionato nel Vedanta-sutra
Vamana: detto anche Vamanadeva, è un’importante incarnazione di Visnu che discese sulla Terra sotto forma di un brahmana nano. Possiede un pianeta nell’universo spirituale
Varaha: incarnazione divina che apparve come un cinghiale
varna: ognuna delle quattro divisioni della società conformemente alle funzioni naturali svolte dai cittadini. Queste sono: brahmana, ksatriya, vaisya e sudra. L’equilibrio e l’armonia della società dipendono dal rispetto delle norme che governano i varna
Vasudeva: uno dei nomi di Krishna che significa “figlio di Vasudeva”
Vasudeva: il padre di Krishna
Vasudeva: una delle espansioni di Krishna
vatsalya: parentela
vatsalya-rasa: relazione spirituale in cui il devoto considera il Signore come un membro della propria famiglia (vedi Nanda o Yasoda)
Veda: vasta raccolta di libri compilati da Vyasadeva. E’ la conoscenza più completa ed esatta che il genere umano abbia mai avuto. I testi fondamentali sono quattro: lo Yajus, il ¬g, il Sama e l’Atharva
Vedanta-sutra: importante testo filosofico vedico. E’ considerato il commento naturale ai Veda
vibhinnamsa: espansioni parziali della potenza di Dio: sono le jiva, le anime spirituali individuali
vigraha: forma
vikarma: azioni che non tengono conto dei consigli delle scritture e pertanto conducono alla degradazione e alla frustrazione
virata-rupa: la forma universale del Signore, nella quale è possibile vedere contemporaneamente tutto ciò che esiste
Visnu: uno dei nomi di Krishna, significa “sostegno di tutto ciò che esiste”. E’ anche la divinità che predomina il sattva-guna
Visnu-avatara: manifestazioni divine, incarnazioni di Dio
Visnusvami: maestro spirituale Vaisnava
Visnu-tattva: manifestazioni divine, incarnazioni di Dio
Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura: saggio e santo Vaisnava
Vrndavana: villaggio dell’India (90 miglia a sud-est di Delhi, nel distretto di Mathura) dove, circa 5.000 anni fa, Krishna visse e attuò i Suoi divertimenti trascendentali in compagnia dei puri devoti. Vrndavana è anche nel cielo spirituale, e tra le due non vi è differenza. Tale visione è tuttavia possibile solo a colui che si è completamente purificato
Vrndavana das Thakur: l’autore del Caitanya-bhagavata
Vyasa: il saggiò che diede ordine e mise per iscritto i Veda. Altri nomi: Vyasadeva, Krishna Dvaipayana, Veda Vyasa, Badarayana
Vyenkata Bhatta: devoto vissuto attorno al 1500. Era un importante discepolo di Caitanya e padre di Gopala Bhatta Gosvami

y
yama: la prima delle otto tappe dell’Astanga-yoga; consiste nell’esercizio del controllo dei sensi
Yama: nome del deva della morte che dispensa il destino degli uomini quando questi abbandonano il corpo. E’ anche uno dei dodici mahajana
Yamuna: il fiume sacro tanto amato da Krishna
Yasoda: la madre adottiva di Krishna
Yasodadevi: vedi Yasoda
Yajnavalkya: uno dei sette principali filosofi dell’India
Yajus-veda: uno dei quattro Veda. Tratta delle formule necessarie allo svolgimento dei sacrifici
Yamunacarya: grande maestro spirituale della tradizione Vaisnava
yantra: macchina. Generalmente il termine viene usato per indicare il corpo materiale
yoga:
1. insegna a riacquistare l’unione con l’Assoluto, cioè con Dio
2. disciplina che insegna a controllare la mente e i sensi, cosa indispensabile per l’avanzamento spirituale
3. tutte quelle pratiche utili a guadagnare meriti di vario tipo
4. altro nome per l’Astanga-yoga e tutti i suoi derivati
yoga-maya: potenza interna di Krishna, che lo nasconde rendendolo inaccessibile agli uomini comuni; grazie a questa energia, egli si rivela solo parzialmente al puro devoto, rendendo possibili relazioni intime
Yudhisthira: il primo dei fratelli Pandava. Il Maha-bharata ne racconta le gesta
yogi: colui che pratica lo yoga
yuga: ciascuna delle quattro ere di un ciclo chiamato maha-yuga
Yuga-avatara: incarnazioni le cui discese sono previste per ogni yuga. Appaiono in momenti precisi indicati dalle scritture vediche

sah — that; eva — certainly; prathamam — first; devah — Supreme Lord; kaumaram — named the Kumaras (unmarried); sargam — creation; asritah — under; cacara — performed; duscaram — very difficult to do; brahma — in the order of Brahman; brahmacaryam — under discipline to realize the Absolute (Brahman); akhanditam — unbroken.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

dvitiyam — the second; tu — but; bhavaya — for the welfare; asya — of this earth; rasatala — of the lowest region; gatam — having gone; mahim — the earth; uddharisyan — lifting; upadatta — established; yajnesah — the proprietor or the supreme enjoyer; saukaram — hoggish; vapuh — incarnation.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

trtiyam — the third one; rsi-sargam — the millennium of the rsis; vai — certainly; devarsitvam — incarnation of the rsi amongst the demigods; upetya — having accepted; sah — he; tantram — exposition of the Vedas; satvatam — which is especially meant for devotional service; acasta — collected; naiskarmyam — nonfruitive; karmanam — of work; yatah — from which.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

turye — in the fourth of the line; dharma-kala — wife of Dharmaraja; sarge — being born of; nara-narayanau — named Nara and Narayana; rsi — sages; bhutva — becoming; atma-upasama — controlling the senses; upetam — for achievement of; akarot — undertook; duscaram — very strenuous; tapah — penance.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

pancamah — the fifth one; kapilah — Kapila; nama — of the name; siddhesah — the foremost amongst the perfect; kala — time; viplutam — lost; provaca — said; asuraye — unto the brahmana named Asuri; sankhyam — metaphysics; tattva-grama — the sum total of the creative elements; vinirnayam — exposition.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

tatah — after that; saptame — the seventh in the line; akutyam — in the womb of Akuti; ruceh — by Prajapati Ruci; yajnah — the Lord’s incarnation as Yajna; abhyajayata — advented; sah — He; yama-adyaih — with Yama and others; sura-ganaih — with demigods; apat — ruled; svayambhuva-antaram — the change of the period of Svayambhuva Manu.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

astame — the eighth of the incarnations; merudevyam tu — in the womb of Merudevi, the wife of; nabheh — King Nabhi; jatah — took birth; urukramah — the all-powerful Lord; darsayan — by showing; vartma — the way; dhiranam — of the perfect beings; sarva — all; asrama — orders of life; namaskrtam — honored by.
* Srimad-Bhagavatam 1

namas te narasimhaya
prahladahlada-dayine
hiranyakasipor vakshah-
sila-tanka-nakhalaye
namah—obeisances; te—unto You; nara-simhaya—unto Lord Narasimha; prahlada—(to) Prahlada Maharaja; ahlada—(of) joy; dayine—the giver; hiranyakasipoh—of Hiranyakasipu; vakshah—chest; sila—(on) the stonelike; tanka—chisels; nakha-alaye—whose nails.
I offer my obeisances to Lord Narasimha who gives joy to Prahlada Maharaja and whose nails are like chisels on the stonelike chest of the demon Hiranyakasipu.

ito nrisimhah parato nrisimho
yato yato yami tato nrisimhah
bahir nrisimho hridaye nrisimho
nrisimham adim saranam prapadye
itah—here; nrisimhah—Lord Nrisimha; paratah—there; nrisimhah—Lord Nrisimha; yatah yatah—wherever; yami—I go; tatah—there; nrisimhah—Lord Nrisimha; bahih—externally; nrisimhah—Lord Nrisimha; hridaye—in the heart; nrisimhah—Lord Nrisimha; nrisimham—to Lord Nrisimha; adim—the origin; saranam—the supreme refuge; prapadye—I surrender.

Lord Nrisimha is here and also there. Wherever I go Lord Nrisimha is there. He is in the heart and is outside as well. I surrender to Lord Nrisimha, the origin of all things and the supreme refuge.

Tava, your – kara, hands – kamala, lotus like – vare, on the beautiful – nakham, nails – adbhuta, wonderful – sringam, pointed – dalita, ripped apart – hiranyakasipu, of hiranyakasipu – tanu, the body – bhringam, wasp-like – kesava, O Lord Kesava – dhrita, who assumed – nara, half man – hari, and half lion – rupa, form – jaya, all glories – jagat-isa, O Lord of the univefrse – hare, O Lord Hari.

rsibhih — by the sages; yacitah — being prayed for; bheje — accepted; navamam — the ninth one; parthivam — the ruler of the earth; vapuh — body; dugdha — milking; imam — all these; osadhih — products of the earth; viprah — O brahmanas; tena — by; ayam — this; sah — he; usattamah — beautifully attractive.

rupam — form; sah — He; jagrhe — accepted; matsyam — of a fish; caksusa — Caksusa; udadhi — water; samplave — inundation; navi — on the boat; aropya — keeping on; mahi — the earth; mayyam — drowned in; apat — protected; vaivasvatam — Vaivasvata; manum — Manu, the father of man.

sura — the theists; asuranam — of the atheists; udadhim — in the ocean; mathnatam — churning; mandaracalam — the Mandaracala Hill; dadhre — sustained; kamatha — tortoise; rupena — in the form of; prsthe — shell; ekadase — the eleventh in the line; vibhuh — the great.

dhanvantaram — the incarnation of Godhead named Dhanvantari; dvadasamam — the twelfth in the line; trayodasamam — the thirteenth in the line; eva — certainly; ca — and; apayayat — gave to drink; suran — the demigods; anyan — others; mohinya — by charming beauty; mohayan — alluring; striya — in the form of a woman.

caturdasam — the fourteenth in the line; nara-simham — the incarnation of the Lord as half-man and half-lion; bibhrat — advented; daitya-indram — the king of the atheists; urjitam — strongly built; dadara — bifurcated; karajaih — by the nails; urau — on the lap; erakam — canes; kata-krt — carpenter; yatha — just like.

pancadasam — the fifteenth in the line; vamanakam — the dwarf brahmana; krtva — by assumption of; agat — went; adhvaram — arena of sacrifice; baleh — of King Bali; pada-trayam — three steps only; yacamanah — begging; pratyaditsuh — willing at heart to return; tri-pistapam — the kingdom of the three planetary systems.

avatare — in the incarnation of the Lord; sodasame — the sixteenth; pasyan — seeing; brahma-druhah — disobedient to the orders of the brahmanas; nrpan — the kingly order; trih-sapta — thrice seven times; krtvah — had done; kupitah — being engaged; nih — negation; ksatram — the administrative class; akarot — did perform; mahim — the earth.

tatah — thereafter; saptadase — in the seventeenth incarnation; jatah — advented; satyavatyam — in the womb of Satyavati; parasarat — by Parasara Muni; cakre — prepared; veda-taroh — of the desire tree of the Vedas; sakhah — branches; drstva — be seeing; pumsah — the people in general; alpa-medhasah — less intelligent.

# dvija-bandhus
not real brahmanas
or the friends and family members of the twice-born. But these dvija-bandhus are classified amongst the sudras and the women.

nara — human being; devatvam — divinity; apannah — having assumed the form of; sura — the demigods; karya — activities; cikirsaya — for the purpose of performing; samudra — the Indian Ocean; nigraha-adini — controlling, etc.; cakre — did perform; viryani — superhuman prowess; atah param — thereafter.

ekonavimse — in the nineteenth; vimsatime — in the twentieth also; vrsnisu — in the Vrsni dynasty; prapya — having obtained; janmani — births; rama — Balarama; krsnau — Sri Krsna; iti — thus; bhuvah — of the world; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; aharat — removed; bharam — burden.

tatah — thereafter; kalau — the age of Kali; sampravrtte — having ensued; sammohaya — for the purpose of deluding; sura — the theists; dvisam — those who are envious; buddhah — Lord Buddha; namna — of the name; anjana-sutah — whose mother was Anjana; kikatesu — in the province of Gaya (Bihar); bhavisyati — will take place.

avatarah — incarnations; hi — certainly; asankhyeyah — innumerable; hareh — of Hari, the Lord; sattva-nidheh — of the ocean of goodness; dvijah — the brahmanas; yatha — as it is; avidasinah — inexhaustible; kulyah — rivulets; sarasah — of vast lakes; syuh — are; sahasrasah — thousands of.

atha — thereafter; asau — the same Lord; yuga-sandhyayam — at the conjunction of the yugas; dasyu — plunderers; prayesu — almost all; rajasu — the governing personalities; janita — will take His birth; visnu — named Visnu; yasasah — surnamed Yasa; namna — in the name of; kalkih — the incarnation of the Lord; jagat-patih — the Lord of the creation.

rsayah — all the sages; manavah — all the Manus; devah — all the demigods; manu-putrah — all the descendants of Manu; maha-ojasah — very powerful; kalah — portion of the plenary portion; sarve — all collectively; hareh — of the Lord; eva — certainly; sa-prajapatayah — along with the Prajapatis; smrtah — are known.

ete — all these; ca — and; amsa — plenary portions; kalah — portions of the plenary portions; pumsah — of the Supreme; krsnah — Lord Krsna; tu — but; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; svayam — in person; indra-ari — the enemies of Indra; vyakulam — disturbed; lokam — all the planets; mrdayanti — gives protection; yuge yuge — in different ages.

janma — birth; guhyam — mysterious; bhagavatah — of the Lord; yah — one; etat — all these; prayatah — carefully; narah — man; sayam — evening; pratah — morning; grnan — recites; bhaktya — with devotion; duhkha-gramat — from all miseries; vimucyate — gets relief from.

etat — all these; rupam — forms; bhagavatah — of the Lord; hi — certainly; arupasya — of one who has no material form; cit-atmanah — of the Transcendence; maya — material energy; gunaih — by the qualities; viracitam — manufactured; mahat-adibhih — with the ingredients of matter; atmani — in the self.

yatha — as it is; nabhasi — in the sky; megha-oghah — a mass of clouds; renuh — dust; va — as well as; parthivah — muddiness; anile — in the air; evam — thus; drastari — to the seer; drsyatvam — for the purpose of seeing; aropitam — is implied; abuddhibhih — by the less intelligent persons.

atah — this; param — beyond; yat — which; avyaktam — unmanifested; avyudha — without formal shape; guna-brmhitam — affected by the qualities; adrsta — unseen; asruta — unheard; vastutvat — being like that; sah — that; jivah — living being; yat — that which; punah-bhavah — takes birth repeatedly.

evam — thus; janmani — birth; karmani — activities; hi — certainly; akartuh — of the inactive; ajanasya — of the unborn; ca — and; varnayanti — describe; sma — in the past; kavayah — the learned; veda-guhyani — undiscoverable by the Vedas; hrt-pateh — of the Lord of the heart.

yadi — if, however; esa — they; uparata — subsided; devi maya — illusory energy; vaisaradi — full of knowledge; matih — enlightenment; sampannah — enriched with; eva — certainly; iti — thus; viduh — being cognizant of; mahimni — in the glories; sve — of the self; mahiyate — being situated in.

sah — the Supreme Lord; va — alternately; idam — this; visvam — manifested universes; amogha-lilah — one whose activities are spotless; srjati — creates; avati atti — maintains and annihilates; na — not; sajjate — is affected by; asmin — in them; bhutesu — in all living beings; ca — also; antarhitah — living within; atma-tantrah — self-independent; sat-vargikam — endowed with all the potencies of His opulences; jighrati — superficially attached, like smelling the fragrance; sat-guna-isah — master of the six senses.

na — not; ca — and; asya — of Him; kascit — anyone; nipunena — by dexterity; dhatuh — of the creator; avaiti — can know; jantuh — the living being; kumanisah — with a poor fund of knowledge; utih — activities of the Lord; namani — His names; rupani — His forms; manah-vacobhih — by dint of mental speculation or deliverance of speeches; santanvatah — displaying; nata-caryam — a dramatic action; iva — like; ajnah — the foolish.

sah — He alone; veda — can know; dhatuh — of the creator; padavim — glories; parasya — of the transcendence; duranta-viryasya — of the greatly powerful; ratha-anga-paneh — of Lord Krsna, who bears in His hand the wheel of a chariot; yah — one who; amayaya — without reservation; santataya — without any gap; anuvrttya — favorably; bhajeta — renders service; tat-pada — of His feet; saroja-gandham — fragrance of the lotus.

idam — this; bhagavatam — book containing the narration of the Personality of Godhead and His pure devotees; nama — of the name; puranam — supplementary to the Vedas; brahma-sammitam — incarnation of Lord Sri Krsna; uttama-sloka — of the Personality of Godhead; caritam — activities; cakara — compiled; bhagavan — incarnation of the Personality of Godhead; rsih — Sri Vyasadeva; nihsreyasaya — for the ultimate good; lokasya — of all people; dhanyam — fully successful; svasti-ayanam — all-blissful; mahat — all-perfect.

tat — that; idam — this; grahayam asa — made to accept; sutam — unto his son; atmavatam — of the self-realized; varam — most respectful; sarva — all; veda — Vedic literatures (books of knowledge); itihasanam — of all the histories; saram — cream; saram — cream; samuddhrtam — taken out.

sah — the son of Vyasadeva; tu — again; samsravayam asa — make them audible; maha-rajam — unto the emperor; pariksitam — of the name Pariksit; praya-upavistam — who sat until death without food or drink; gangayam — on the bank of the Ganges; paritam — being surrounded; parama-rsibhih — by great sages.

tatra — there; kirtayatah — while reciting; viprah — O brahmanas; vipra-rseh — from the great brahmana-rsi; bhuri — greatly; tejasah — powerful; aham — I; ca — also; adhyagamam — could understand; tatra — in that meeting; nivistah — being perfectly attentive; tat-anugrahat — by his mercy; sah — that very thing; aham — I; vah — unto you; sravayisyami — shall let you hear; yatha-adhitam yatha-mati — as far as my realization.

vyasah — Vyasadeva; uvaca — said; iti — thus; bruvanam — speaking; samstuya — congratulating; muninam — of the great sages; dirgha — prolonged; satrinam — of those engaged in the performance of sacrifice; vrddhah — elderly; kula-patih — head of the assembly; sutam — unto Suta Gosvami; bahu-rcah — learned; saunakah — of the name Saunaka; abravit — addressed.

saunakah — Saunaka; uvaca — said; suta suta — O Suta Gosvami; maha-bhaga — the most fortunate; vada — please speak; nah — unto us; vadatam — of those who can speak; vara — respected; katham — message; bhagavatim — of the Bhagavatam; punyam — pious; yat — which; aha — said; bhagavan — greatly powerful; sukah — Sri Sukadeva Gosvami.

kasmin — in which; yuge — period; pravrtta — was begun; iyam — this; sthane — in the place; va — or; kena — on what; hetuna — ground; kutah — wherefrom; sancoditah — inspired by; krsnah — Krsna-dvaipayana Vyasa; krtavan — compiled; samhitam — Vedic literature; munih — the learned.

tasya — his; putrah — son; maha-yogi — a great devotee; sama-drk — equibalanced; nirvikalpakah — absolute monist; ekanta-matih — fixed in monism or oneness of mind; unnidrah — surpassed nescience; gudhah — not exposed; mudhah — stunted; iva — like; iyate — appears like.

drstva — by seeing; anuyantam — following; rsim — the sage; atmajam — his son; api — in spite of; anagnam — not naked; devyah — beautiful damsels; hriya — out of shyness; paridadhuh — covered the body; na — not; sutasya — of the son; citram — astonishing; tat viksya — by seeing that; prcchati — asking; munau — unto the muni (Vyasa); jagaduh — replied; tava — your; asti — there are; stri-pum — male and female; bhida — differences; na — not; tu — but; sutasya — of the son; vivikta — purified; drsteh — of one who looks.

# Candala
(dog-eater)

katham — how; alaksitah — recognized; pauraih — by the citizens; sampraptah — reaching; kuru-jangalan — the Kuru-jangala provinces; unmatta — mad; muka — dumb; jadavat — stunted; vicaran — wandering; gaja-sahvaye — Hastinapura.

# Suka-samhita
Srimad-Bhagavatam is stated here as the essence of the Vedas. It is not an imaginary story as it is sometimes considered by unauthorized men. It is also called Suka-samhita, or the Vedic hymn spoken by Sri Sukadeva Gosvami, the great liberated sage.

katham — how is it; va — also; pandaveyasya — of the descendant of Pandu (Pariksit); rajarseh — of the king who was a sage; munina — with the muni; saha — with; samvadah — discussion; samabhut — took place; tata — O darling; yatra — whereupon; esa — like this; satvati — transcendental; srutih — essence of the Vedas.

sah — he (Sukadeva Gosvami); go-dohana-matram — only for the time of milking the cow; hi — certainly; grhesu — in the house; grha-medhinam — of the householders; aveksate — waits; maha-bhagah — the most fortunate; tirthi — pilgrimage; kurvan — transforming; tat asramam — the residence.

abhimanyu-sutam — the son of Abhimanyu; suta — O Suta; prahuh — is said to be; bhagavata-uttamam — the first-class devotee of the Lord; tasya — his; janma — birth; maha-ascaryam — very wonderful; karmani — activities; ca — and; grnihi — please speak to; nah — us.

namanti — bow down; yat-pada — whose feet; niketam — under; atmanah — own; sivaya — welfare; haniya — used to bring about; dhanani — wealth; satravah — enemies; katham — for what reason; sah — he; virah — the chivalrous; sriyam — opulences; anga — O Suta Gosvami; dustyajam — insuperable; yuva — in full youth; aisata — desired; utsrastum — to give up; aho — exclamation; saha — with; asubhih — life.

sivaya — welfare; lokasya — of all living beings; bhavaya — for flourishing; bhutaye — for economic development; ye — one who is; uttama-sloka-parayanah — devoted to the cause of the Personality of Godhead; janah — men; jivanti — do live; na — but not; atma-artham — selfish interest; asau — that; para-asrayam — shelter for others; mumoca — gave up; nirvidya — being freed from all attachment; kutah — for what reason; kalevaram — mortal body.

tat — that; sarvam — all; nah — unto us; samacaksva — clearly explain; prstah — questioned; yat iha — herein; kincana — all that; manye — we think; tvam — you; visaye — in all subjects; vacam — meanings of words; snatam — fully acquainted; anyatra — except; chandasat — portion of the Vedas.

sutah — Suta Gosvami; uvaca — said; dvapare — in the second millennium; samanuprapte — on the advent of; trtiye — third; yuga — millennium; paryaye — in the place of; jatah — was begotten; parasarat — by Parasara; yogi — the great sage; vasavyam — in the womb of the daughter of Vasu; kalaya — in the plenary portion; hareh — of the Personality of Godhead.

sah — he; kadacit — once; sarasvatyah — on the bank of the Sarasvati; upasprsya — after finishing morning ablutions; jalam — water; sucih — being purified; vivikte — concentration; ekah — alone; asinah — being thus seated; udite — on the rise; ravi-mandale — of the sun disc.

para-avara — past and future; jnah — one who knows; sah — he; rsih — Vyasadeva; kalena — in the course of time; avyakta — unmanifested; ramhasa — by great force; yuga-dharma — acts in terms of the millennium; vyatikaram — anomalies; praptam — having accrued; bhuvi — on the earth; yuge yuge — different ages.

bhautikanam ca — also of everything that is made of matter; bhavanam — actions; sakti-hrasam ca — and deterioration of natural power; tat-krtam — rendered by that; asraddadhanan — of the faithless; nihsattvan — impatient due to want of the mode of goodness; durmedhan — dull-witted; hrasita — reduced; ayusah — of duration of life; durbhagan ca — also the unlucky; janan — people in general; viksya — by seeing; munih — the muni; divyena — by transcendental; caksusa — vision; sarva — all; varna-asramanam — of all the statuses and orders of life; yat — what; dadhyau — contemplated; hitam — welfare; amogha-drk — one who is fully equipped in knowledge.

catuh — four; hotram — sacrificial fires; karma suddham — purification of work; prajanam — of the people in general; viksya — after seeing; vaidikam — according to Vedic rites; vyadadhat — made into; yajna — sacrifice; santatyai — to expand; vedam ekam — only one Veda; catuh-vidham — in four divisions.

rg-yajuh-sama-atharva-akhyah — the names of the four Vedas; vedah — the Vedas; catvarah — four; uddhrtah — made into separate parts; itihasa — historical records (Mahabharata); puranam ca — and the Puranas; pancamah — the fifth; vedah — the original source of knowledge; ucyate — is said to be.

tatra — thereupon; rg-veda-dharah — the professor of the Rg Veda; pailah — the rsi named Paila; sama-gah — that of the Sama Veda; jaiminih — the rsi named Jaimini; kavih — highly qualified; vaisampayanah — the rsi named Vaisampayana; eva — only; ekah — alone; nisnatah — well versed; yajusam — of the Yajur Veda; uta — glorified.

atharva — the Atharva Veda; angirasam — unto the rsi Angira; asit — was entrusted; sumantuh — also known as Sumantu Muni; darunah — seriously devoted to the Atharva Veda; munih — the sage; itihasa-purananam — of the historical records and the Puranas; pita — father; me — mine; romaharsanah — the rsi Romaharsana.

te — they; ete — all these; rsayah — learned scholars; vedam — the respective Vedas; svam svam — in their own entrusted matters; vyasyan — rendered; anekadha — many; sisyaih — disciples; prasisyaih — grand-disciples; tat-sisyaih — great grand-disciples; vedah te — followers of the respective Vedas; sakhinah — different branches; abhavan — thus became.

te — that; eva — certainly; vedah — the book of knowledge; durmedhaih — by the less intellectual; dharyante — can assimilate; purusaih — by the man; yatha — as much as; evam — thus; cakara — edited; bhagavan — the powerful; vyasah — the great sage of Vyasa; krpana-vatsalah — very kind to the ignorant mass.

stri — the woman class; sudra — the laboring class; dvija-bandhunam — of the friends of the twice-born; trayi — three; na — not; sruti-gocara — for understanding; karma — in activities; sreyasi — in welfare; mudhanam — of the fools; sreyah — supreme benefit; evam — thus; bhavet — achieved; iha — by this; iti — thus thinking; bharatam — the great Mahabharata; akhyanam — historical facts; krpaya — out of great mercy; munina — by the muni; krtam — is completed.

evam — thus; pravrttasya — one who is engaged in; sada — always; bhutanam — of the living beings; sreyasi — in the ultimate good; dvijah — O twice-born; sarvatmakena api — by all means; yada — when; na — not; atusyat — become satisfied; hrdayam — mind; tatah — at that.

na — not; atiprasidat — very much satisfied; hrdayah — at heart; sarasvatyah — of the River Sarasvati; tate — on the bank of; sucau — being purified; vitarkayan — having considered; vivikta-sthah — situated in a lonely place; idam ca — also this; uvaca — said; dharma-vit — one who knows what religion is.

dhrta-vratena — under a strict disciplinary vow; hi — certainly; maya — by me; chandamsi — the Vedic hymns; guravah — the spiritual masters; agnayah — the sacrificial fire; manitah — properly worshiped; nirvyalikena — without pretense; grhitam ca — also accepted; anusasanam — traditional discipline; bharata — the Mahabharata; vyapadesena — by compilation of; hi — certainly; amnaya-arthah — import of disciplic succession; ca — and; pradarsitah — properly explained; drsyate — by what is necessary; yatra — where; dharma-adih — the path of religion; stri-sudra-adibhih api — even by women, sudras, etc.; uta — spoken.

tathapi — although; bata — defect; me — mine; daihyah — situated in the body; hi — certainly; atma — living being; ca — and; eva — even; atmana — myself; vibhuh — sufficient; asampannah — wanting in; iva abhati — it appears to be; brahma-varcasya — of the Vedantists; sattamah — the supreme.

tasya — his; evam — thus; khilam — inferior; atmanam — soul; manyamanasya — thinking within the mind; khidyatah — regretting; krsnasya — of Krsna-dvaipayana Vyasa; naradah abhyagat — Narada came there; asramam — the cottage; prak — before; udahrtam — said.

tam abhijnaya — seeing the good fortune of his (Narada’s) arrival; sahasa — all of a sudden; pratyutthaya — getting up; agatam — arrived at; munih — Vyasadeva; pujayam asa — worship; vidhi-vat — with the same respect as offered to Vidhi (Brahma); naradam — to Narada; sura-pujitam — worshiped by the demigods.

sutah — Suta; uvaca — said; atha — therefore; tam — him; sukham asinah — comfortably seated; upasinam — unto one sitting nearby; brhat-sravah — greatly respected; devarsih — the great rsi among the gods; praha — said; viprarsim — unto the rsi among the brahmanas; vina-panih — one who carries a vina in his hand; smayan iva — apparently smiling.

naradah — Narada; uvaca — said; parasarya — O son of Parasara; maha-bhaga — the greatly fortunate; bhavatah — your; kaccit — if it is; atmana — by the self-realization of; paritusyati — does it satisfy; sarirah — identifying the body; atma — self; manasah — identifying the mind; eva — certainly; va — and.

jijnasitam — deliberated fully well; adhitam — the knowledge obtained; ca — and; brahma — the Absolute; yat — what; tat — that; sanatanam — eternal; tathapi — in spite of that; socasi — lamenting; atmanam — unto the self; akrta-arthah — undone; iva — like; prabho — my dear sir.

vyasah — Vyasa; uvaca — said; asti — there is; eva — certainly; me — mine; sarvam — all; idam — this; tvaya — by you; uktam — uttered; tathapi — and yet; na — not; atma — self; paritusyate — does pacify; me — unto me; tat — of which; mulam — root; avyaktam — undetected; agadha-bodham — the man of unlimited knowledge; prcchamahe — do inquire; tva — unto you; atma-bhava — self-born; atma-bhutam — offspring.

sah — thus; vai — certainly; bhavan — yourself; veda — know; samasta — all-inclusive; guhyam — confidential; upasitah — devotee of; yat — because; purusah — the Personality of Godhead; puranah — the oldest; paravaresah — the controller of the material and spiritual worlds; manasa — mind; eva — only; visvam — the universe; srjati — creates; avati atti — annihilates; gunaih — by the qualitative matter; asangah — unattached.

# asta-siddhi
the eightfold perfections of mystic power

tvam — Your Goodness; paryatan — traveling; arkah — the sun; iva — like; tri-lokim — the three worlds; antah-carah — can penetrate into everyone’s heart; vayuh iva — as good as the all-pervading air; atma — self-realized; saksi — witness; paravare — in the matter of cause and effect; brahmani — in the Absolute; dharmatah — under disciplinary regulations; vrataih — in vow; snatasya — having been absorbed in; me — mine; nyunam — deficiency; alam — clearly; vicaksva — search out.

sri-naradah — Sri Narada; uvaca — said; bhavata — by you; anudita-prayam — almost not praised; yasah — glories; bhagavatah — of the Personality of Godhead; amalam — spotless; yena — by which; eva — certainly; asau — He (the Personality of Godhead); na — does not; tusyeta — be pleased; manye — I think; tat — that; darsanam — philosophy; khilam — inferior.

yatha — as much as; dharma-adayah — all four principles of religious behavior; ca — and; arthah — purposes; muni-varya — by yourself, the great sage; anukirtitah — repeatedly described; na — not; tatha — in that way; vasudevasya — of the Personality of Godhead Sri Krsna; mahima — glories; hi — certainly; anuvarnitah — so constantly described.

na — not; yat — that; vacah — vocabulary; citra-padam — decorative; hareh — of the Lord; yasah — glories; jagat — universe; pavitram — sanctified; pragrnita — described; karhicit — hardly; tat — that; vayasam — crows; tirtham — place of pilgrimage; usanti — think; manasah — saintly persons; na — not; yatra — where; hamsah — all-perfect beings; niramanti — take pleasure; usik-ksayah — those who reside in the transcendental abode.

atho — therefore; maha-bhaga — highly fortunate; bhavan — yourself; amogha-drk — the perfect seer; suci — spotless; sravah — famous; satya-ratah — having taken the vow of truthfulness; dhrta-vratah — fixed in spiritual qualities; urukramasya — of the one who performs supernatural activities (God); akhila — universal; bandha — bondage; muktaye — for liberation from; samadhina — by trance; anusmara — think repeatedly and then describe them; tat-vicestitam — various pastimes of the Lord.

tatah — from that; anyatha — apart; kincana — something; yat — whatsoever; vivaksatah — desiring to describe; prthak — separately; drsah — vision; tat-krta — reactionary to that; rupa — form; namabhih — by names; na karhicit — never; kvapi — any; ca — and; duhsthita matih — oscillating mind; labheta — gains; vata-ahata — troubled by the wind; nauh — boat; iva — like; aspadam — place.

jugupsitam — verily condemned; dharma-krte — for the matter of religion; anusasatah — instruction; svabhava-raktasya — naturally inclined; mahan — great; vyatikramah — unreasonable; yat-vakyatah — under whose instruction; dharmah — religion; iti — it is thus; itarah — the people in general; sthitah — fixed; na — do not; manyate — think; tasya — of that; nivaranam — prohibition; janah — they.

vicaksanah — very expert; asya — of him; arhati — deserves; veditum — to understand; vibhoh — of the Lord; ananta-parasya — of the unlimited; nivrttitah — retired from; sukham — material happiness; pravartamanasya — those who are attached to; gunaih — by the material qualities; anatmanah — devoid of knowledge in spiritual value; tatah — therefore; bhavan — Your Goodness; darsaya — show the ways; cestitam — activities; vibhoh — of the Lord.

tyaktva — having forsaken; sva-dharmam — one’s own occupational engagement; carana-ambujam — the lotus feet; hareh — of Hari (the Lord); bhajan — in the course of devotional service; apakvah — immature; atha — for the matter of; patet — falls down; tatah — from that place; yadi — if; yatra — whereupon; kva — what sort of; va — or (used sarcastically); abhadram — unfavorable; abhut — shall happen; amusya — of him; kim — nothing; kah va arthah — what interest; aptah — obtained; abhajatam — of the nondevotee; sva-dharmatah — being engaged in occupational service.

tasya — for that purpose; eva — only; hetoh — reason; prayateta — should endeavor; kovidah — one who is philosophically inclined; na labhyate — is not obtained; yat — what; bhramatam — wandering; upari adhah — from top to bottom; tat — that; labhyate — can be obtained; duhkhavat — like the miseries; anyatah — as a result of previous work; sukham — sense enjoyment; kalena — in course of time; sarvatra — everywhere; gabhira — subtle; ramhasa — progress.

na — never; vai — certainly; janah — a person; jatu — at any time; kathancana — somehow or other; avrajet — does not undergo; mukunda-sevi — the devotee of the Lord; anyavat — like others; anga — O my dear; samsrtim — material existence; smaran — remembering; mukunda-anghri — the lotus feet of the Lord; upaguhanam — embracing; punah — again; vihatum — willing to give up; icchet — desire; na — never; rasa-grahah — one who has relished the mellow; janah — person.

idam — this; hi — all; visvam — cosmos; bhagavan — the Supreme Lord; iva — almost the same; itarah — different from; yatah — from whom; jagat — the worlds; sthana — exist; nirodha — annihilation; sambhavah — creation; tat hi — all about; svayam — personally; veda — know; bhavan — your good self; tatha api — still; te — unto you; pradesa-matram — a synopsis only; bhavatah — unto you; pradarsitam — explained.

tvam — yourself; atmana — by your own self; atmanam — the Supersoul; avehi — search out; amogha-drk — one who has perfect vision; parasya — of the Transcendence; pumsah — the Personality of Godhead; paramatmanah — of the Supreme Lord; kalam — plenary part; ajam — birthless; prajatam — have taken birth; jagatah — of the world; sivaya — for the well-being; tat — that; maha-anubhava — of the Supreme Personality of Godhead Sri Krsna; abhyudayah — pastimes; adhiganya-tam — describe most vividly.

idam — this; hi — certainly; pumsah — of everyone; tapasah — by dint of austerities; srutasya — by dint of study of the Vedas; va — or; svistasya — sacrifice; suktasya — spiritual education; ca — and; buddhi — culture of knowledge; dattayoh — charity; avicyutah — infallible; arthah — interest; kavibhih — by the recognized learned person; nirupitah — concluded; yat — what; uttamasloka — the Lord, who is described by choice poetry; guna-anuvarnanam — description of the transcendental qualities of.

aham — I; pura — formerly; atita-bhave — in the previous millennium; abhavam — became; mune — O muni; dasyah — of the maidservant; tu — but; kasyascana — certain; veda-vadinam — of the followers of Vedanta; nirupitah — engaged; balakah — boy servant; eva — only; yoginam — of the devotees; susrusane — in the service of; pravrsi — during the four months of the rainy season; nirviviksatam — living together.

te — they; mayi — unto me; apeta — not having undergone; akhila — all kinds of; capale — proclivities; arbhake — unto a boy; dante — having controlled the senses; adhrta-kridanake — without being accustomed to sporting habits; anuvartini — obedient; cakruh — did bestow; krpam — causeless mercy; yadyapi — although; tulya-darsanah — impartial by nature; susrusamane — unto the faithful; munayah — the muni followers of the Vedanta; alpa-bhasini — one who does not speak more than required.

ucchista-lepan — the remnants of foodstuff; anumoditah — being permitted; dvijaih — by the Vedantist brahmanas; sakrt — once upon a time; sma — in the past; bhunje — took; tat — by that action; apasta — eliminated; kilbisah — all sins; evam — thus; pravrttasya — being engaged; visuddha-cetasah — of one whose mind is purified; tat — that particular; dharmah — nature; eva — certainly; atma-rucih — transcendental attraction; prajayate — was manifested.

tatra — thereupon; anu — every day; aham — I; krsna-kathah — narration of Lord Krsna’s activities; pragayatam — describing; anugrahena — by causeless mercy; asrnavam — giving aural reception; manah-harah — attractive; tah — those; sraddhaya — respectfully; me — unto me; anupadam — every step; visrnvatah — hearing attentively; priyasravasi — of the Personality of Godhead; anga — O Vyasadeva; mama — mine; abhavat — it so became; rucih — taste.

tasmin — it being so; tada — at that time; labdha — achieved; ruceh — taste; maha-mate — O great sage; priyasravasi — upon the Lord; askhalita matih — uninterrupted attention; mama — mine; yaya — by which; aham — I; etat — all these; sat-asat — gross and subtle; sva-mayaya — one’s own ignorance; pasye — see; mayi — in me; brahmani — the Supreme; kalpitam — is accepted; pare — in the Transcendence.

ittham — thus; sarat — autumn; pravrsikau — rainy season; rtu — two seasons; hareh — of the Lord; visrnvatah — continuously hearing; me — myself; anusavam — constantly; yasah amalam — unadulterated glories; sankirtyamanam — chanted by; munibhih — the great sages; maha-atmabhih — great souls; bhaktih — devotional service; pravrtta — began to flow; atma — living being; rajah — mode of passion; tama — mode of ignorance; upaha — vanishing.

tasya — his; evam — thus; me — mine; anuraktasya — attached to them; prasritasya — obediently; hata — freed from; enasah — sins; sraddadhanasya — of the faithful; balasya — of the boy; dantasya — subjugated; anucarasya — strictly following the instructions; ca — and.

jnanam — knowledge; guhyatamam — most confidential; yat — what is; tat — that; saksat — directly; bhagavata uditam — propounded by the Lord Himself; anvavocan — gave instruction; gamisyantah — while departing from; krpaya — by causeless mercy; dina-vatsalah — those who are very kind to the poor and meek.

yena — by which; eva — certainly; aham — I; bhagavatah — of the Personality of Godhead; vasudevasya — of Lord Sri Krsna; vedhasah — of the supreme creator; maya — energy; anubhavam — influence; avidam — easily understood; yena — by which; gacchanti — they go; tat-padam — at the lotus feet of the Lord.

etat — this much; samsucitam — decided by the learned; brahman — O brahmana Vyasa; tapa-traya — three kinds of miseries; cikitsitam — remedial measures; yat — what; isvare — the supreme controller; bhagavati — unto the Personality of Godhead; karma — one’s prescribed activities; brahmani — unto the great; bhavitam — dedicated.

amayah — diseases; yah ca — whatever; bhutanam — of the living being; jayate — become possible; yena — by the agency; suvrata — O good soul; tat — that; eva — very; hi — certainly; amayam — disease; dravyam — thing; na — does it not; punati — cure; cikitsitam — treated with.

evam — thus; nrnam — of the human being; kriya-yogah — all activities; sarve — everything; samsrti — material existence; hetavah — causes; te — that; eva — certainly; atma — the tree of work; vinasaya — killing; kalpante — become competent; kalpitah — dedicated; pare — unto the Transcendence.

yat — whatever; atra — in this life or world; kriyate — does perform; karma — work; bhagavat — unto the Personality of Godhead; paritosanam — satisfaction of; jnanam — knowledge; yat tat — what is so called; adhinam — dependent; hi — certainly; bhakti-yoga — devotional; samanvitam — dovetailed with bhakti-yoga.

om — the sign of chanting the transcendental glory of the Lord; namah — offering obeisances unto the Lord; bhagavate — unto the Personality of Godhead; tubhyam — unto You; vasudevaya — unto the Lord, the son of Vasudeva; dhimahi — let us chant; pradyumnaya, aniruddhaya and sankarsanaya — all plenary expansions of Vasudeva; namah — respectful obeisances; ca — and.

iti — thus; murti — representation; abhidhanena — in sound; mantra-murtim — form representation of transcendental sound; amurtikam — the Lord, who has no material form; yajate — worship; yajna — Visnu; purusam — the Personality of Godhead; sah — he alone; samyak — perfectly; darsanah — one who has seen; puman — person.

imam — thus; sva-nigamam — confidential knowledge of the Vedas in respect to the Supreme Personality of Godhead; brahman — O brahmana (Vyasadeva); avetya — knowing it well; mat — by me; anusthitam — executed; adat — bestowed upon me; me — me; jnanam — transcendental knowledge; aisvaryam — opulence; svasmin — personal; bhavam — intimate affection and love; ca — and; kesavah — Lord Krsna.

tvam — your good soul; api — also; adabhra — vast; sruta — Vedic literatures; visrutam — have heard also; vibhoh — of the Almighty; samapyate — satisfied; yena — by which; vidam — of the learned; bubhutsitam — who always desire to learn transcendental knowledge; prakhyahi — describe; duhkhaih — by miseries; muhuh — always; ardita-atmanam — suffering mass of people; sanklesa — sufferings; nirvanam — mitigation; usanti na — do not get out of; anyatha — by other means.

sutah uvaca — Suta said; evam — thus; nisamya — hearing; bhagavan — the powerful incarnation of God; devarseh — of the great sage among the gods; janma — birth; karma — work; ca — and; bhuyah — again; papraccha — asked; tam — him; brahman — O brahmanas; vyasah — Vyasadeva; satyavati-sutah — the son of Satyavati.

vyasah uvaca — Sri Vyasadeva said; bhiksubhih — by the great mendicants; vipravasite — having departed for other places; vijnana — scientific knowledge in transcendence; adestrbhih — those who had instructed; tava — of your; vartamanah — present; vayasi — of the duration of life; adye — before the beginning of; tatah — after that; kim — what; akarot — did; bhavan — your good self.

svayambhuva — O son of Brahma; kaya — under what condition; vrttya — occupation; vartitam — was spent; te — you; param — after the initiation; vayah — duration of life; katham — how; ca — and; idam — this; udasraksih — did you quit; kale — in due course; prapte — having attained; kalevaram — body.

prak — prior; kalpa — the duration of Brahma’s day; visayam — subject matter; etam — all these; smrtim — remembrance; te — your; muni-sattama — O great sage; na — not; hi — certainly; esah — all these; vyavadhat — made any difference; kalah — course of time; esah — all these; sarva — all; nirakrtih — annihilation.

naradah uvaca — Sri Narada said; bhiksubhih — by the great sages; vipravasite — having departed for other places; vijnana — scientific spiritual knowledge; adestrbhih — those who imparted unto me; mama — mine; vartamanah — present; vayasi adye — before this life; tatah — thereafter; etat — this much; akarasam — performed.

eka-atmaja — having only one son; me — my; janani — mother; yosit — woman by class; mudha — foolish; ca — and; kinkari — maidservant; mayi — unto me; atmaje — being her offspring; ananya-gatau — one who has no alternative for protection; cakre — did it; sneha-anubandhanam — tied by affectionate bondage.

sa — she; asvatantra — was dependent; na — not; kalpa — able; asit — was; yoga-ksemam — maintenance; mama — my; icchati — although desirous; isasya — of providence; hi — for; vase — under the control of; lokah — everyone; yosa — doll; daru-mayi — made of wood; yatha — as much as.

aham — I; ca — also; tat — that; brahma-kule — in the school of the brahmanas; usivan — lived; tat — her; upeksaya — being dependent on; dik-desa — direction and country; kala — time; avyutpannah — having no experience; balakah — a mere child; panca — five; hayanah — years old.

ekada — once upon a time; nirgatam — having gone away; gehat — from home; duhantim — for milking; nisi — at night; gam — the cow; pathi — on the path; sarpah — snake; adasat — bitten; pada — on the leg; sprstah — thus struck; krpanam — the poor woman; kala-coditah — influenced by supreme time.

tada — at that time; tat — that; aham — I; isasya — of the Lord; bhaktanam — of the devotees; sam — mercy; abhipsatah — desiring; anugraham — special benediction; manyamanah — thinking in that way; pratistham — departed; disam uttaram — in the northern direction.

sphitan — very flourishing; jana-padan — metropolises; tatra — there; pura — towns; grama — villages; vraja — big farms; akaran — mineral fields (mines); kheta — agricultural lands; kharvata — valleys; vatih — flower gardens; ca — and; vanani — forests; upavanani — nursery gardens; ca — and.

citra-dhatu — valuable minerals like gold, silver and copper; vicitra — full of variegatedness; adrin — hills and mountains; ibha-bhagna — broken by the giant elephants; bhuja — branches; druman — trees; jalasayan siva — health-giving; jalan — reservoirs of water; nalinih — lotus flowers; sura-sevitah — aspired to by the denizens of heaven; citra-svanaih — pleasing to the heart; patra-rathaih — by the birds; vibhramat — bewildering; bhramara-sriyah — decorated by drones.

nala — pipes; venu — bamboo; sarah — pens; tanba — full of; kusa — sharp grass; kicaka — weeds; gahvaram — caves; ekah — alone; eva — only; atiyatah — difficult to go through; aham — I; adraksam — visited; vipinam — deep forests; mahat — great; ghoram — fearful; pratibhaya-akaram — dangerously; vyala — snakes; uluka — owls; siva — jackals; ajiram — playgrounds.

parisranta — being tired; indriya — bodily; atma — mentally; aham — I; trt-paritah — being thirsty; bubhuksitah — and hungry; snatva — taking a bath; pitva — and drinking water also; hrade — in the lake; nadyah — of a river; upasprstah — being in contact with; gata — got relief from; sramah — tiredness.

tasmin — in that; nirmanuje — without human habitation; aranye — in the forest; pippala — banyan tree; upasthe — sitting under it; asritah — taking shelter of; atmana — by intelligence; atmanam — the Supersoul; atma-stham — situated within myself; yatha-srutam — as I had heard it from the liberated souls; acintayam — thought over.

dhyayatah — thus meditating upon; carana-ambhojam — the lotus feet of the localized Personality of Godhead; bhava-nirjita — mind transformed in transcendental love for the Lord; cetasa — all mental activities (thinking, feeling and willing); autkanthya — eagerness; asru-kala — tears rolled down; aksasya — of the eyes; hrdi — within my heart; asit — appeared; me — my; sanaih — without delay; harih — the Personality of Godhead.

prema — love; atibhara — excessive; nirbhinna — especially distinguished; pulaka — feelings of happiness; angah — different bodily parts; ati-nirvrtah — being fully overwhelmed; ananda — ecstasy; samplave — in the ocean of; linah — absorbed in; na — not; apasyam — could see; ubhayam — both; mune — O Vyasadeva.

rupam — form; bhagavatah — of the Personality of Godhead; yat — as it is; tat — that; manah — of the mind; kantam — as it desires; suca-apaham — vanishing all disparity; apasyan — without seeing; sahasa — all of a sudden; uttasthe — got up; vaiklavyat — being perturbed; durmanah — having lost the desirable; iva — as it were.

didrksuh — desiring to see; tat — that; aham — I; bhuyah — again; pranidhaya — having concentrated the mind; manah — mind; hrdi — upon the heart; viksamanah — waiting to see; api — in spite of; na — never; apasyam — saw Him; avitrptah — without being satisfied; iva — like; aturah — aggrieved.

evam — thus; yatantam — one who is engaged in attempting; vijane — in that lonely place; mam — unto me; aha — said; agocarah — beyond the range of physical sound; giram — utterances; gambhira — grave; slaksnaya — pleasing to hear; vaca — words; sucah — grief; prasamayan — mitigating; iva — like.

hanta — O Narada; asmin — this; janmani — duration of life; bhavan — yourself; ma — not; mam — Me; drastum — to see; iha — here; arhati — deserve; avipakva — immature; kasayanam — material dirt; durdarsah — difficult to be seen; aham — I; kuyoginam — incomplete in service.

sakrt — once only; yat — that; darsitam — shown; rupam — form; etat — this is; kamaya — for hankerings; te — your; anagha — O virtuous one; mat — Mine; kamah — desire; sanakaih — by increasing; sadhuh — devotee; sarvan — all; muncati — gives away; hrt-sayan — material desires.

sat-sevaya — by service of the Absolute Truth; adirghaya — for some days; api — even; jata — having attained; mayi — unto Me; drdha — firm; matih — intelligence; hitva — having given up; avadyam — deplorable; imam — this; lokam — material worlds; ganta — going to; mat-janatam — My associates; asi — become.

matih — intelligence; mayi — devoted to Me; nibaddha — engaged; iyam — this; na — never; vipadyeta — separate; karhicit — at any time; praja — living beings; sarga — at the time of creation; nirodhe — also at the time of annihilation; api — even; smrtih — remembrance; ca — and; mat — Mine; anugrahat — by the mercy of.

etavat — thus; uktva — spoken; upararama — stopped; tat — that; mahat — great; bhutam — wonderful; nabhah-lingam — personified by sound; alingam — unseen by the eyes; isvaram — the supreme authority; aham — I; ca — also; tasmai — unto Him; mahatam — the great; mahiyase — unto the glorified; sirsna — by the head; avanamam — obeisances; vidadhe — executed; anukampitah — being favored by Him.

namani — the holy name, fame, etc.; anantasya — of the unlimited; hata-trapah — being freed from all formalities of the material world; pathan — by recitation, repeated reading, etc.; guhyani — mysterious; bhadrani — all benedictory; krtani — activities; ca — and; smaran — constantly remembering; gam — on the earth; paryatan — traveling all through; tusta-manah — fully satisfied; gata-sprhah — completely freed from all material desires; kalam — time; pratiksan — awaiting; vimadah — without being proud; vimatsarah — without being envious.

evam — thus; krsna-mateh — one who is fully absorbed in thinking of Krsna; brahman — O Vyasadeva; na — not; asaktasya — of one who is attached; amala-atmanah — of one who is completely free from all material dirt; kalah — death; pradurabhut — become visible; kale — in the course of time; tadit — lightning; saudamani — illuminating; yatha — as it is.

prayujyamane — having been awarded; mayi — on me; tam — that; suddham — transcendental; bhagavatim — fit for associating with the Personality of Godhead; tanum — body; arabdha — acquired; karma — fruitive work; nirvanah — prohibitive; nyapatat — quit; panca-bhautikah — body made of five material elements.

kalpa-ante — at the end of Brahma’s day; idam — this; adaya — taking together; sayane — having gone to lie down; ambhasi — in the causal water; udanvatah — devastation; sisayisoh — lying of the Personality of Godhead (Narayana); anupranam — breathing; vivise — entered into; antah — within; aham — I; vibhoh — of Lord Brahma.

sahasra — one thousand; yuga — 4,300,000 years; paryante — at the end of the duration; utthaya — having expired; idam — this; sisrksatah — desired to create again; marici-misrah — rsis like Marici; rsayah — all the rsis; pranebhyah — out of His senses; aham — I; ca — also; jajnire — appeared.

antah — in the transcendental world; bahih — in the material world; ca — and; lokan — planets; trin — three (divisions); paryemi — travel; askandita — unbroken; vratah — vow; anugrahat — by the causeless mercy; maha-visnoh — of the Maha-Visnu (Karanodakasayi Visnu); avighata — without restriction; gatih — entrance; kvacit — at any time.

deva — the Supreme Personality of Godhead (Sri Krsna); dattam — gifted by; imam — this; vinam — a musical stringed instrument; svara — singing meter; brahma — transcendental; vibhusitam — decorated with; murcchayitva — vibrating; hari-katham — transcendental message; gayamanah — singing constantly; carami — do move; aham — I.

pragayatah — thus singing; sva-viryani — own activities; tirtha-padah — the Lord, whose lotus feet are the source of all virtues or holiness; priya-sravah — pleasing to hear; ahutah — called for; iva — just like; me — to me; sighram — very soon; darsanam — sight; yati — appears; cetasi — on the seat of the heart.

etat — this; hi — certainly; atura-cittanam — of those whose minds are always full of cares and anxieties; matra — objects of sense enjoyment; sparsa — senses; icchaya — by desires; muhuh — always; bhava-sindhu — the ocean of nescience; plavah — boat; drstah — experienced; hari-carya — activities of Hari, the Personality of Godhead; anuvarnanam — constant recitation.

yama-adibhih — by the process of practicing self-restraint; yoga-pathaih — by the system of yoga (mystic bodily power to attain the godly stage); kama — desires for sense satisfaction; lobha — lust for satisfaction of the senses; hatah — curbed; muhuh — always; mukunda — the Personality of Godhead; sevaya — by the service of; yadvat — as it is; tatha — like that; atma — the soul; addha — for all practical purposes; na — does not; samyati — be satisfied.

sarvam — all; tat — that; idam — this; akhyatam — described; yat — whatever; prstah — asked by; aham — me; tvaya — by you; anagha — without any sins; janma — birth; karma — activities; rahasyam — mysteries; me — mine; bhavatah — your; ca — and; atma — self; tosanam — satisfaction.

sutah — Suta Gosvami; uvaca — said; evam — thus; sambhasya — addressing; bhagavan — transcendentally powerful; naradah — Narada Muni; vasavi — named Vasavi (Satyavati); sutam — son; amantrya — inviting; vinam — instrument; ranayan — vibrating; yayau — went; yadrcchikah — wherever willing; munih — the sage.

aho — all glory to; devarsih — the sage of the gods; dhanyah — all success; ayam yat — one who; kirtim — glories; sarnga-dhanvanah — of the Personality of Godhead; gayan — singing; madyan — taking pleasure in; idam — this; tantrya — by means of the instrument; ramayati — enlivens; aturam — distressed; jagat — world.

saunakah — Sri Saunaka; uvaca — said; nirgate — having gone; narade — Narada Muni; suta — O Suta; bhagavan — the transcendentally powerful; badarayanah — Vedavyasa; srutavan — who heard; tat — his; abhipretam — desire of the mind; tatah — thereafter; kim — what; akarot — did he do; vibhuh — the great.

sutah — Sri Suta; uvaca — said; brahma-nadyam — on the bank of the river intimately related with Vedas, brahmanas, saints, and the Lord; sarasvatyam — Sarasvati; asramah — cottage for meditation; pascime — on the west; tate — bank; samyaprasah — the place named Samyaprasa; iti — thus; proktah — said to be; rsinam — of the sages; satra-vardhanah — that which enlivens activities.

tasmin — in that (asrama); sve — own; asrame — in the cottage; vyasah — Vyasadeva; badari — berry; sanda — trees; mandite — surrounded by; asinah — sitting; apah upasprsya — touching water; pranidadhyau — concentrated; manah — the mind; svayam — himself.

bhakti — devotional service; yogena — by the process of linking up; manasi — upon the mind; samyak — perfectly; pranihite — engaged in and fixed upon; amale — without any matter; apasyat — saw; purusam — the Personality of Godhead; purnam — absolute; mayam — energy; ca — also; tat — His; apasrayam — under full control.

anartha — things which are superfluous; upasamam — mitigation; saksat — directly; bhakti-yogam — the linking process of devotional service; adhoksaje — unto the Transcendence; lokasya — of the general mass of men; ajanatah — those who are unaware of; vidvan — the supremely learned; cakre — compiled; satvata — in relation with the Supreme Truth; samhitam — Vedic literature.

yasyam — this Vedic literature; vai — certainly; sruyamanayam — simply by giving aural reception; krsne — unto Lord Krsna; parama — supreme; puruse — unto the Personality of Godhead; bhaktih — feelings of devotional service; utpadyate — sprout up; pumsah — of the living being; soka — lamentation; moha — illusion; bhaya — fearfulness; apaha — that which extinguishes.

sah — that; samhitam — Vedic literature; bhagavatim — in relation with the Personality of Godhead; krtva — having done; anukramya — by correction and repetition; ca — and; atma-jam — his own son; sukam — Sukadeva Gosvami; adhyapayam asa — taught; nivrtti — path of self realization; niratam — engaged; munih — the sage.

saunakah uvaca — Sri Saunaka asked; sah — he; vai — of course; nivrtti — on the path of self-realization; niratah — always engaged; sarvatra — in every respect; upeksakah — indifferent; munih — sage; kasya — for what reason; va — or; brhatim — vast; etam — this; atma-aramah — one who is pleased in himself; samabhyasat — undergo the studies.

sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami said; atmaramah — those who take pleasure in atma (generally, spirit self); ca — also; munayah — sages; nirgranthah — freed from all bondage; api — in spite of; urukrame — unto the great adventurer; kurvanti — do; ahaitukim — unalloyed; bhaktim — devotional service; ittham-bhuta — such wonderful; gunah — qualities; harih — of the Lord.

hareh — of Hari, the Personality of Godhead; guna — transcendental attribute; aksipta — being absorbed in; matih — mind; bhagavan — powerful; badarayanih — the son of Vyasadeva; adhyagat — underwent studies; mahat — great; akhyanam — narration; nityam — regularly; visnu-jana — devotees of the Lord; priyah — beloved.

pariksitah — of King Pariksit; atha — thus; rajarseh — of the King who was the rsi among the kings; janma — birth; karma — activities; vilapanam — deliverance; samstham — renunciation of the world; ca — and; pandu-putranam — of the sons of Pandu; vaksye — I shall speak; krsna-katha-udayam — that which gives rise to the transcendental narration of Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

yada — when; mrdhe — in the battlefield; kaurava — the party of Dhrtarastra; srnjayanam — of the party of the Pandavas; viresu — of the warriors; atho — thus; vira-gatim — the destination deserved by the warriors; gatesu — being obtained; vrkodara — Bhima (the second Pandava); aviddha — beaten; gada — by the club; abhimarsa — lamenting; bhagna — broken; uru-dande — spinal cord; dhrtarastra-putre — the son of King Dhrtarastra; bhartuh — of the master; priyam — pleasing; draunih — the son of Dronacarya; iti — thus; sma — shall be; pasyan — seeing; krsna — Draupadi; sutanam — of the sons; svapatam — while sleeping; siramsi — heads; upaharat — delivered as a prize; vipriyam — pleasing; eva — like; tasya — his; jugupsitam — most heinous; karma — act; vigarhayanti — disapproving.

mata — the mother; sisunam — of the children; nidhanam — massacre; sutanam — of the sons; nisamya — after hearing; ghoram — ghastly; paritapyamana — lamenting; tada — at that time; arudat — began to cry; vaspa-kala-akula-aksi — with tears in the eyes; tam — her; santvayan — pacifying; aha — said; kiritamali — Arjuna.

tada — at that time only; sucah — tears in grief; te — your; pramrjami — shall wipe away; bhadre — O gentle lady; yat — when; brahma-bandhoh — of a degraded brahmana; sirah — head; atatayinah — of the aggressor; gandiva-muktaih — shot by the bow named Gandiva; visikhaih — by the arrows; upahare — shall present to you; tva — yourself; akramya — riding on it; yat — which; snasyasi — take your bath; dagdha-putra — after burning the sons.

iti — thus; priyam — unto the dear; valgu — sweet; vicitra — variegated; jalpaih — by statements; sah — he; santvayitva — satisfying; acyuta-mitra-sutah — Arjuna, who is guided by the infallible Lord as a friend and driver; anvadravat — followed; damsitah — being protected by kavaca; ugra-dhanva — equipped with furious weapons; kapi-dhvajah — Arjuna; guru-putram — the son of the martial teacher; rathena — getting on the chariot.

tam — him; apatantam — coming over furiously; sah — he; vilaksya — seeing; durat — from a distance; kumara-ha — the murderer of the princes; udvigna-manah — disturbed in mind; rathena — on the chariot; paradravat — fled; prana — life; paripsuh — for protecting; urvyam — with great speed; yavat-gamam — as he fled; rudra-bhayat — by fear of Siva; yatha — as; kah — Brahma (or arkah — Surya).

atha — thus; upasprsya — touching in sanctity; salilam — water; sandadhe — chanted the hymns; tat — that; samahitah — being in concentration; ajanan — without knowing; api — although; samharam — withdrawal; prana-krcchre — life being put in danger; upasthite — being placed in such a position.

tatah — thereafter; praduskrtam — disseminated; tejah — glare; pracandam — fierce; sarvatah — all around; disam — directions; prana-apadam — affecting life; abhipreksya — having observed it; visnum — unto the Lord; jisnuh — Arjuna; uvaca — said; ha — in the past.

arjunah uvaca — Arjuna said; krsna — O Lord Krsna; krsna — O Lord Krsna; maha-baho — He who is the Almighty; bhaktanam — of the devotees; abhayankara — eradicating the fears of; tvam — You; ekah — alone; dahyamananam — those who are suffering from; apavargah — the path of liberation; asi — are; samsrteh — in the midst of material miseries.

tvam adyah — You are the original; purusah — the enjoying personality; saksat — directly; isvarah — the controller; prakrteh — of material nature; parah — transcendental; mayam — the material energy; vyudasya — one who has thrown aside; cit-saktya — by dint of internal potency; kaivalye — in pure eternal knowledge and bliss; sthitah — placed; atmani — own self.

sah — that Transcendence; eva — certainly; jiva-lokasya — of the conditioned living beings; maya-mohita — captivated by the illusory energy; cetasah — by the heart; vidhatse — execute; svena — by Your own; viryena — influence; sreyah — ultimate good; dharma-adi — four principles of liberation; laksanam — characterized by.

tatha — thus; ayam — this; ca — and; avatarah — incarnation; te — Your; bhuvah — of the material world; bhara — burden; jihirsaya — for removing; svanam — of the friends; ca ananya-bhavanam — and of the exclusive devotees; anudhyanaya — for remembering repeatedly; ca — and; asakrt — fully satisfied.

sri-bhagavan — the Supreme Personality of Godhead; uvaca — said; vettha — just know from Me; idam — this; drona-putrasya — of the son of Drona; brahmam astram — hymns of the brahma (nuclear) weapon; pradarsitam — exhibited; na — not; eva — even; asau — he; veda — know it; samharam — retraction; prana-badhe — extinction of life; upasthite — being imminent.

na — not; hi — certainly; asya — of it; anyatamam — other; kincit — anything; astram — weapon; prati — counter; avakarsanam — reactionary; jahi — subdue it; astra-tejah — the glare of this weapon; unnaddham — very powerful; astra-jnah — expert in military science; hi — as a matter of fact; astra-tejasa — by the influence of your weapon.

sutah — Suta Gosvami; uvaca — said; srutva — after hearing; bhagavata — by the Personality of Godhead; proktam — what was said; phalgunah — another name of Sri Arjuna; para-vira-ha — the killer of the opposing warrior; sprstva — after touching; apah — water; tam — Him; parikramya — circumambulating; brahmam — the Supreme Lord; brahma-astram — the supreme weapon; sandadhe — acted on.

samhatya — by combination of; anyonyam — one another; ubhayoh — of both; tejasi — the glares; sara — weapons; samvrte — covering; avrtya — covering; rodasi — the complete firmament; kham ca — outer space also; vavrdhate — increasing; arka — the sun globe; vahni-vat — like fire.

drstva — thus seeing; astra — weapon; tejah — heat; tu — but; tayoh — of both; trin — three; lokan — planets; pradahat — blazing; mahat — severely; dahyamanah — burning; prajah — population; sarvah — all over; samvartakam — the name of the fire which devastates during the annihilation of the universe; amamsata — began to think.

praja — the people in general; upadravam — disturbance; alaksya — having seen it; loka — the planets; vyatikaram — destruction; ca — also; tam — that; matam ca — and the opinion; vasudevasya — of Vasudeva, Sri Krsna; sanjahara — retracted; arjunah — Arjuna; dvayam — both the weapons.

tatah — thereupon; asadya — arrested; tarasa — dexterously; darunam — dangerous; gautami-sutam — the son of Gautami; babandha — bound up; amarsa — angry; tamra-aksah — with copper-red eyes; pasum — animal; rasanaya — by ropes; yatha — as it were.

sibiraya — on the way to the military camp; ninisantam — while bringing him; rajjva — by the ropes; baddhva — bound up; ripum — the enemy; balat — by force; praha — said; arjunam — unto Arjuna; prakupitah — in an angry mood; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; ambuja-iksanah — who looks with His lotus eyes.

mattam — careless; pramattam — intoxicated; unmattam — insane; suptam — asleep; balam — boy; striyam — woman; jadam — foolish; prapannam — surrendered; viratham — one who has lost his chariot; bhitam — afraid; na — not; ripum — enemy; hanti — kill; dharma-vit — one who knows the principles of religion.

sva-pranan — one’s own life; yah — one who; para-pranaih — at the cost of others’ lives; prapusnati — maintains properly; aghrnah — shameless; khalah — wretched; tat-vadhah — killing of him; tasya — his; hi — certainly; sreyah — well-being; yat — by which; dosat — by the fault; yati — goes; adhah — downwards; puman — a person.

pratisrutam — it is promised; ca — and; bhavata — by you; pancalyai — unto the daughter of the King of Pancala (Draupadi); srnvatah — which was heard; mama — by Me personally; aharisye — must I bring; sirah — the head; tasya — of him; yah — whom; te — your; manini — consider; putra-ha — the killer of your sons.

tat — therefore; asau — this man; vadhyatam — will be killed; papah — the sinner; atatayi — assaulter; atma — own; bandhu-ha — killer of sons; bhartuh — of the master; ca — also; vipriyam — having not satisfied; vira — O warrior; krtavan — one who has done it; kula-pamsanah — the burnt remnants of the family.

evam — this; pariksata — being examined; dharmam — in the matter of duty; parthah — Sri Arjuna; krsnena — by Lord Krsna; coditah — being encouraged; na aicchat — did not like; hantum — to kill; guru-sutam — the son of his teacher; yadyapi — although; atma-hanam — murderer of sons; mahan — very great.

atha — thereafter; upetya — having reached; sva — own; sibiram — camp; govinda — one who enlivens the senses (Lord Sri Krsna); priya — dear; sarathih — the charioteer; nyavedayat — entrusted to; tam — him; priyayai — unto the dear; socantyai — lamenting for; atma-jan — own sons; hatan — murdered.

tatha — thus; ahrtam — brought in; pasu-vat — like an animal; pasa-baddham — tied with ropes; avak-mukham — without a word in his mouth; karma — activities; jugupsitena — being heinous; niriksya — by seeing; krsna — Draupadi; apakrtam — the doer of the degrading; guroh — the teacher; sutam — son; vama — beautiful; svabhava — nature; krpaya — out of compassion; nanama — offered obeisances; ca — and.

uvaca — said; ca — and; asahanti — being unbearable for her; asya — his; bandhana — being bound; anayanam — bringing him; sati — the devoted; mucyatam mucyatam — just get him released; esah — this; brahmanah — a brahmana; nitaram — our; guruh — teacher.

sa-rahasyah — confidential; dhanuh-vedah — knowledge in the art of manipulating bows and arrows; sa-visarga — releasing; upasamyamah — controlling; astra — weapons; gramah — all kinds of; ca — and; bhavata — by yourself; siksitah — learned; yat — by whose; anugrahat — mercy of.

sah — he; esah — certainly; bhagavan — lord; dronah — Dronacarya; praja-rupena — in the form of his son Asvatthama; vartate — is existing; tasya — his; atmanah — of the body; ardham — half; patni — wife; aste — living; na — not; anvagat — undertook; virasuh — having the son present; krpi — the sister of Krpacarya.

tat — therefore; dharma-jna — one who is aware of the principles of religion; maha-bhaga — the most fortunate; bhavadbhih — by your good self; gauravam — glorified; kulam — the family; vrjinam — that which is painful; na — not; arhati — does deserve; praptum — for obtaining; pujyam — the worshipable; vandyam — respectable; abhiksnasah — constantly.

ma — do not; rodit — make cry; asya — his; janani — mother; gautami — the wife of Drona; pati-devata — chaste; yatha — as has; aham — myself; mrta-vatsa — one whose child is dead; arta — distressed; rodimi — crying; asru-mukhi — tears in the eyes; muhuh — constantly.

yaih — by those; kopitam — enraged; brahma-kulam — the order of the brahmanas; rajanyaih — by the administrative order; ajita — unrestricted; atmabhih — by oneself; tat — that; kulam — family; pradahati — is burnt up; asu — within no time; sa-anubandham — together with family members; suca-arpitam — being put into grief.

# ajita
unconquerable, infallible

sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami said; dharmyam — in accordance with the principles of religion; nyayyam — justice; sa-karunam — full of mercy; nirvyalikam — without duplicity in dharma; samam — equity; mahat — glorious; raja — the King; dharma-sutah — son; rajnyah — by the Queen; pratyanandat — supported; vacah — statements; dvijah — O brahmanas.

tatra — thereupon; aha — said; amarsitah — in an angry mood; bhimah — Bhima; tasya — his; sreyan — ultimate good; vadhah — killing; smrtah — recorded; na — not; bhartuh — of the master; na — nor; atmanah — of his own self; ca — and; arthe — for the sake of; yah — one who; ahan — killed; suptan — sleeping; sisun — children; vrtha — without purpose.

nakulah — Nakula; sahadevah — Sahadeva; ca — and; yuyudhanah — Satyaki; dhananjayah — Arjuna; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; devaki-putrah — the son of Devaki, Lord Sri Krsna; ye — those; ca — and; anye — others; yah — those; ca — and; yositah — ladies.

nisamya — just after hearing; bhima — Bhima; gaditam — spoken by; draupadyah — of Draupadi; ca — and; catuh-bhujah — the four-handed (Personality of Godhead); alokya — having seen; vadanam — the face; sakhyuh — of His friend; idam — this; aha — said; hasan — smiling; iva — as it.

sri-bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; uvaca — said; brahma-bandhuh — the relative of a brahmana; na — not; hantavyah — to be killed; atatayi — the aggressor; vadha-arhanah — is due to be killed; maya — by Me; eva — certainly; ubhayam — both; amnatam — described according to rulings of the authority; paripahi — carry out; anusasanam — rulings; kuru — abide by; pratisrutam — as promised by; satyam — truth; yat tat — that which; santvayata — while pacifying; priyam — dear wife; priyam — satisfaction; ca — also; bhimasenasya — of Sri Bhimasena; pancalyah — of Draupadi; mahyam — unto Me also; eva — certainly; ca — and.

sahasa — just at that time; ajnaya — knowing it; hareh — of the Lord; hardam — motive; atha — thus; asina — by the sword; manim — the jewel; jahara — separated; murdhanyam — on the head; dvijasya — of the twice-born; saha — with; murdhajam — hairs.

vimucya — after releasing him; rasana-baddham — from the bondage of ropes; bala-hatya — infanticide; hata-prabham — loss of bodily luster; tejasa — of the strength of; manina — by the jewel; hinam — being deprived of; sibirat — from the camp; nirayapayat — drove him out.

vapanam — cleaving the hairs from the head; dravina — wealth; adanam — forfeiting; sthanat — from the residence; niryapanam — driving away; tatha — also; esah — all these; hi — certainly; brahma-bandhunam — of the relatives of a brahmana; vadhah — killing; na — not; anyah — any other method; asti — there is; daihikah — in the matter of the body.

putra — son; soka — bereavement; aturah — overwhelmed with; sarve — all of them; pandavah — the sons of Pandu; saha — along with; krsnaya — with Draupadi; svanam — of the kinsmen; mrtanam — of the dead; yat — what; krtyam — ought to be done; cakruh — did perform; nirharana-adikam — undertakable.

atha — thus; te — the Pandavas; samparetanam — of the dead; svanam — of the relatives; udakam — water; icchatam — willing to have; datum — to deliver; sa-krsnah — along with Draupadi; gangayam — on the Ganges; puraskrtya — putting in the front; yayuh — went; striyah — the women.

te — all of them; niniya — having offered; udakam — water; sarve — every one of them; vilapya — having lamented; ca — and; bhrsam — sufficiently; punah — again; aplutah — took bath; hari-padabja — the lotus feet of the Lord; rajah — dust; puta — purified; sarit — of the Ganges; jale — in the water.

tatra — there; asinam — sitting; kuru-patim — the King of the Kurus; dhrtarastram — Dhrtarastra; saha-anujam — with his younger brothers; gandharim — Gandhari; putra — son; soka-artam — overtaken by bereavement; prtham — Kunti; krsnam — Draupadi; ca — also; madhavah — Lord Sri Krsna.

santvayam asa — pacified; munibhih — along with the munis present there; hata-bandhun — those who lost their friends and relatives; sucarpitan — all shocked and affected; bhutesu — unto the living beings; kalasya — of the supreme law of the Almighty; gatim — reactions; darsayan — demonstrated; na — no; pratikriyam — remedial measures.

sadhayitva — having executed; ajata-satroh — of one who has no enemy; svam rajyam — own kingdom; kitavaih — by the clever (Duryodhana and party); hrtam — usurped; ghatayitva — having killed; asatah — the unscrupulous; rajnah — of the queen’s; kaca — bunch of hair; sparsa — roughly handled; ksata — decreased; ayusah — by the duration of life.

yajayitva — by performing; asvamedhaih — yajna in which a horse is sacrificed; tam — him (King Yudhisthira); tribhih — three; uttama — best; kalpakaih — supplied with proper ingredients and performed by able priests; tat — that; yasah — fame; pavanam — virtuous; diksu — all directions; sata-manyoh — Indra, who performed one hundred such sacrifices; iva — like; atanot — spread.

amantrya — inviting; pandu-putran — all the sons of Pandu; ca — also; saineya — Satyaki; uddhava — Uddhava; samyutah — accompanied; dvaipayana-adibhih — by the rsis like Vedavyasa; vipraih — by the brahmanas; pujitaih — being worshiped; pratipujitah — the Lord also reciprocated equally.

gantum — just desiring to start; krtamatih — having decided; brahman — O brahmana; dvarakam — towards Dvaraka; ratham — on the chariot; asthitah — seated; upalebhe — saw; abhidhavantim — coming hurriedly; uttaram — Uttara; bhaya-vihvalam — being afraid.

uttara uvaca — Uttara said; pahi pahi — protect, protect; maha-yogin — the greatest mystic; deva-deva — the worshipable of the worshiped; jagat-pate — O Lord of the universe; na — not; anyam — anyone else; tvat — than You; abhayam — fearlessness; pasye — do I see; yatra — where there is; mrtyuh — death; parasparam — in the world of duality.

abhidravati — coming towards; mam — me; isa — O Lord; sarah — the arrow; tapta — fiery; ayasah — iron; vibho — O great one; kamam — desire; dahatu — let it burn; mam — me; natha — O protector; ma — not; me — my; garbhah — embryo; nipatyatam — be aborted.

sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami said; upadharya — by hearing her patiently; vacah — words; tasyah — her; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; bhakta-vatsalah — He who is very much affectionate towards His devotees; apandavam — without the existence of the Pandavas’ descendants; idam — this; kartum — to do it; drauneh — of the son of Dronacarya; astram — weapon; abudhyata — understood.

tarhi — then; eva — also; atha — therefore; muni-srestha — O chief amongst the munis; pandavah — all the sons of Pandu; panca — five; sayakan — weapons; atmanah — own selves; abhimukhan — towards; diptan — glaring; alaksya — seeing it; astrani — weapons; upadaduh — took up.

vyasanam — great danger; viksya — having observed; tat — that; tesam — their; ananya — no other; visaya — means; atmanam — thus inclined; sudarsanena — by the wheel of Sri Krsna; sva-astrena — by the weapon; svanam — of His own devotees; raksam — protection; vyadhat — did it; vibhuh — the Almighty.

antahsthah — being within; sarva — all; bhutanam — of the living beings; atma — soul; yoga-isvarah — the Lord of all mysticism; harih — the Supreme Lord; sva-mayaya — by the personal energy; avrnot — covered; garbham — embryo; vairatyah — of Uttara; kuru-tantave — for the progeny of Maharaja Kuru.

ma — do not; mamsthah — think; hi — certainly; etat — all these; ascaryam — wonderful; sarva — all; ascarya-maye — in the all-mysterious; acyute — the infallible; yah — one who; idam — this (creation); mayaya — by His energy; devya — transcendental; srjati — creates; avati — maintains; hanti — annihilates; ajah — unborn.

brahma-tejah — the radiation of the brahmastra; vinirmuktaih — being saved from; atma-jaih — along with her sons; saha — with; krsnaya — Draupadi; prayana — outgoing; abhimukham — towards; krsnam — unto Lord Krsna; idam — this; aha — said; prtha — Kunti; sati — chaste, devoted to the Lord.

kunti uvaca — Srimati Kunti said; namasye — let me bow down; purusam — the Supreme Person; tva — You; adyam — the original; isvaram — the controller; prakrteh — of the material cosmos; param — beyond; alaksyam — the invisible; sarva — all; bhutanam — of living beings; antah — within; bahih — without; avasthitam — existing.

maya — deluding; javanika — curtain; acchannam — covered by; ajna — ignorant; adhoksajam — beyond the range of material conception (transcendental); avyayam — irreproachable; na — not; laksyase — observed; mudha-drsa — by the foolish observer; natah — artist; natya-dharah — dressed as a player; yatha — as.

tatha — besides that; paramahamsanam — of the advanced transcendentalists; muninam — of the great philosophers or mental speculators; amala-atmanam — those whose minds are competent to discern between spirit and matter; bhakti-yoga — the science of devotional service; vidhana-artham — for executing; katham — how; pasyema — can observe; hi — certainly; striyah — women.

krsnaya — the Supreme Lord; vasudevaya — unto the son of Vasudeva; devaki-nandanaya — unto the son of Devaki; ca — and; nanda-gopa — Nanda and the cowherd men; kumaraya — unto their son; govindaya — unto the Personality of Godhead, who enlivens the cows and the senses; namah — respectful obeisances; namah — obeisances.

namah — all respectful obeisances; pankaja-nabhaya — unto the Lord who has a specific depression resembling a lotus flower in the center of His abdomen; namah — obeisances; pankaja-maline — one who is always decorated with a garland of lotus flowers; namah — obeisances; pankaja-netraya — one whose glance is as cooling as a lotus flower; namah te — respectful obeisances unto You; pankaja-anghraye — unto You, the soles of whose feet are engraved with lotus flowers (and who are therefore said to possess lotus feet).

yatha — as it were; khalena — by the envious; devaki — Devaki (the mother of Sri Krsna); kamsena — by King Kamsa; ruddha — imprisoned; ati-ciram — for a long time; suca-arpita — distressed; vimocita — released; aham ca — also myself; saha-atma-ja — along with my children; vibho — O great one; tvaya eva — by Your Lordship; nathena — as the protector; muhuh — constantly; vipat-ganat — from a series of dangers.

visan mahagneh purusada-darsanad asat-sabhaya vana-vasa-krcchratah mrdhe mrdhe ‘neka-maharathastratodrauny-astratas casma hare ‘bhiraksitah

visat — from poison; maha-agneh — from the great fire; purusa-ada — the man-eaters; darsanat — by combating; asat — vicious; sabhayah — assembly; vana-vasa — exiled to the forest; krcchratah — sufferings; mrdhe mrdhe — again and again in battle; aneka — many; maha-ratha — great generals; astratah — weapons; drauni — the son of Dronacarya; astratah — from the weapon of; ca — and; asma — indicating past tense; hare — O my Lord; abhiraksitah — protected completely.

vipadah — calamities; santu — let there be; tah — all; sasvat — again and again; tatra — there; tatra — and there; jagat-guro — O Lord of the universe; bhavatah — Your; darsanam — meeting; yat — that which; syat — is; apunah — not again; bhava-darsanam — seeing repetition of birth and death.

janma — birth; aisvarya — opulence; sruta — education; sribhih — by the possession of beauty; edhamana — progressively increasing; madah — intoxication; puman — the human being; na — never; eva-ever; arhati — deserves; abhidhatum — to address in feeling; vai — certainly; tvam — You; akincana-gocaram — one who is approached easily by the materially exhausted man.

namah — all obeisances unto You; akincana-vittaya — unto the property of the materially impoverished; nivrtta — completely transcendental to the actions of the material modes; guna — material modes; vrttaye — affection; atma-aramaya — one who is self-satisfied; santaya — the most gentle; kaivalya-pataye — unto the master of the monists; namah — bowing down.

manye — I consider; tvam — Your Lordship; kalam — the eternal time; isanam — the Supreme Lord; anadi-nidhanam — without beginning and end; vibhum — all-pervading; samam — equally merciful; carantam — distributing; sarvatra — everywhere; bhutanam — of the living beings; yat mithah — by intercourse; kalih — dissension.

na — does not; veda — know; kascit — anyone; bhagavan — O Lord; cikirsitam — pastimes; tava — Your; ihamanasya — like the worldly men; nrnam — of the people in general; vidambanam — misleading; na — never; yasya — His; kascit — anyone; dayitah — object of specific favor; asti — there is; karhicit — anywhere; dvesyah — object of envy; ca — and; yasmin — unto Him; visama — partiality; matih — conception; nrnam — of the people.

janma — birth; karma — activity; ca — and; visva-atman — O soul of the universe; ajasya — of the unborn; akartuh — of the inactive; atmanah — of the vital energy; tiryak — animal; nr — human being; rsisu — in the sages; yadahsu — in the water; tat — that; atyanta — veritable; vidambanam — bewildering.

gopi — the cowherd lady (Yasoda); adade — took up; tvayi — on Your; krtagasi — creating disturbances (by breaking the butter pot); dama — rope; tavat — at that time; ya — that which; te — Your; dasa — situation; asru-kalila — overflooded with tears; anjana — ointment; sambhrama — perturbed; aksam — eyes; vaktram — face; niniya — downwards; bhaya-bhavanaya — by thoughts of fear; sthitasya — of the situation; sa — that; mam — me; vimohayati — bewilders; bhih api — even fear personified; yat — whom; bibheti — is afraid.

kecit — someone; ahuh — says; ajam — the unborn; jatam — being born; punya-slokasya — of the great pious king; kirtaye — for glorifying; yadoh — of King Yadu; priyasya — of the dear; anvavaye — in the family of; malayasya — Malaya hills; iva — as; candanam — sandalwood.

apare — others; vasudevasya — of Vasudeva; devakyam — of Devaki; yacitah — being prayed for; abhyagat — took birth; ajah — unborn; tvam — You are; asya — of him; ksemaya — for the good; vadhaya — for the purpose of killing; ca — and; sura-dvisam — of those who are envious of the demigods.

bhara-avataranaya — just to reduce the burden to the world; anye — others; bhuvah — of the world; navah — boat; iva — like; udadhau — on the sea; sidantyah — aggrieved; bhuri — extremely; bharena — by the burden; jatah — You were born; hi — certainly; atma-bhuva — by Brahma; arthitah — being prayed for.

bhave — in the material creation; asmin — this; klisyamananam — of those who are suffering from; avidya — nescience; kama — desire; karmabhih — by execution of fruitive work; sravana — hearing; smarana — remembering; arhani — worshiping; karisyan — may perform; iti — thus; kecana — others.

srnvanti — hear; gayanti — chant; grnanti — take; abhiksnasah — continuously; smaranti — remember; nandanti — take pleasure; tava — Your; ihitam — activities; janah — people in general; te — they; eva — certainly; pasyanti — can see; acirena — very soon; tavakam — Your; bhava-pravaha — the current of rebirth; uparamam — cessation; pada-ambujam — lotus feet.

api — if; adya — today; nah — us; tvam — You; sva-krta — self-executed; ihita — all duties; prabho — O my Lord; jihasasi — giving up; svit — possibly; suhrdah — intimate friends; anujivinah — living at the mercy of; yesam — of whom; na — nor; ca — and; anyat — anyone else; bhavatah — Your; pada-ambujat — from the lotus feet; parayanam — dependent; rajasu — unto the kings; yojita — engaged in; amhasam — enmity.

ke — who are; vayam — we; nama-rupabhyam — without fame and ability; yadubhih — with the Yadus; saha — along with; pandavah — and the Pandavas; bhavatah — Your; adarsanam — absence; yarhi — as if; hrsikanam — of the senses; iva — like; isituh — of the living being.

na — not; iyam — this land of our kingdom; sobhisyate — will appear beautiful; tatra — then; yatha — as it is now; idanim — how; gadadhara — O Krsna; tvat — Your; padaih — by the feet; ankita — marked; bhati — is dazzling; sva-laksana — Your own marks; vilaksitaih — by the impressions.

ime — all these; jana-padah — cities and towns; svrddhah — flourished; supakva — nature; ausadhi — herbs; virudhah — vegetables; vana — forests; adri — hills; nadi — rivers; udanvantah — seas; hi — certainly; edhante — increasing; tava — by You; viksitaih — seen.

atha — therefore; visva-isa — O Lord of the universe; visva-atman — O soul of the universe; visva-murte — O personality of the universal form; svakesu — unto my own kinsmen; me — my; sneha-pasam — tie of affection; imam — this; chindhi — cut off; drdham — deep; pandusu — for the Pandavas; vrsnisu — for the Vrsnis also.

tvayi — unto You; me — my; ananya-visaya — unalloyed; matih — attention; madhu-pate — O Lord of Madhu; asakrt — continuously; ratim — attraction; udvahatat — may overflow; addha — directly; ganga — the Ganges; iva — like; ogham — flows; udanvati — down to the sea.

sri-krsna — O Sri Krsna; krsna-sakha — O friend of Arjuna; vrsni — of descendants of Vrsni; rsabha — O chief; avani — the earth; dhruk — rebellious; rajanya-vamsa — dynasties of the kings; dahana — O annihilator; anapavarga — without deterioration of; virya — prowess; govinda — O proprietor of Golokadhama; go — of the cows; dvija — the brahmanas; sura — the demigods; arti-hara — to relieve distress; avatara — O Lord who descends; yoga-isvara — O master of all mystic powers; akhila — universal; guro — O preceptor; bhagavan — O possessor of all opulences; namah te — respectful obeisances unto You.

prthaya — by Prtha (Kunti); ittham — this; kala-padaih — by chosen words; parinuta — being worshiped; akhila — universal; udayah — glories; mandam — mildly; jahasa — smiled; vaikunthah — the Lord; mohayan — captivating; iva — like; mayaya — His mystic power.

tam — all those; badham — accepted; iti — thus; upamantrya — subsequently informed; pravisya — entering; gajasahvayam — the palace of Hastinapura; striyah ca — other ladies; sva-puram — own residence; yasyan — while starting for; premna — with love; rajna — by the King; nivaritah — stopped.

vyasa-adyaih — by great sages headed by Vyasa; isvara — the almighty God; iha — by the will of; jnaih — by the learned; krsnena — by Krsna Himself; adbhuta-karmana — by one who performs all superhuman work; prabodhitah — being solaced; api — although; itihasaih — by evidences from the histories; na — not; abudhyata — satisfied; suca arpitah — distressed.

aha — said; raja — King Yudhisthira; dharma-sutah — the son of Dharma (Yamaraja); cintayan — thinking of; suhrdam — of the friends; vadham — killing; prakrtena — by material conception only; atmana — by the self; viprah — O brahmana; sneha — affection; moha — delusion; vasam — being carried away by; gatah — having gone.

aho — O; me — my; pasyata — just see; ajnanam — ignorance; hrdi — in the heart; rudham — situated in; duratmanah — of the sinful; parakyasya — meant for others; eva — certainly; dehasya — of the body; bahvyah — many, many; me — by me; aksauhinih — combination of military phalanxes; hatah — killed.

bala — boys; dvi-ja — the twice-born; suhrt — well-wishers; mitra — friends; pitr — parents; bhratr — brothers; guru — preceptors; druhah — one who has killed; na — never; me — my; syat — there shall be; nirayat — from hell; moksah — liberation; hi — certainly; api — although; varsa — years; ayuta — millions; ayutaih — being added.

na — never; enah — sins; rajnah — of the king; praja-bhartuh — of one who is engaged in the maintenance of the citizens; dharma — for the right cause; yuddhe — in the fight; vadhah — killing; dvisam — of the enemies; iti — all these; me — for me; na — never; tu — but; bodhaya — for satisfaction; kalpate — they are meant for administration; sasanam — injunction; vacah — words of.

strinam — of the women; mat — by me; hata-bandhunam — of the friends who are killed; drohah — enmity; yah — that; asau — all those; iha — herewith; utthitah — has accrued; karmabhih — by dint of work; grhamedhiyaih — by persons engaged in material welfare; na — never; aham — I; kalpah — can expect; vyapohitum — undoing the same.

yatha — as much as; pankena — by the mud; panka-ambhah — water mixed with mud; suraya — by wine; va — either; surakrtam — impurity caused by the slight touch of wine; bhuta-hatyam — killing of animals; tatha — like that; eva — certainly; ekam — one; na — never; yajnaih — by the prescribed sacrifices; marstum — to counteract; arhati — is worthwhile.

sutah uvaca — Sri Suta Gosvami said; iti — thus; bhitah — being afraid of; praja-drohat — because of killing the subjects; sarva — all; dharma — acts of religion; vivitsaya — for understanding; tatah — thereafter; vinasanam — the place where the fight was held; pragat — he went; yatra — where; deva-vratah — Bhismadeva; apatat — lay down for passing away.

tada — at that time; te — all of them; bhratarah — the brothers; sarve — all together; sat-asvaih — drawn by first-class horses; svarna — gold; bhusitaih — being decorated with; anvagacchan — followed one after another; rathaih — on the chariots; viprah — O brahmanas; vyasa — the sage Vyasa; dhaumya — Dhaumya; adayah — and others; tatha — also.

bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead (Sri Krsna); api — also; vipra-rse — O sage among the brahmanas; rathena — on the chariot; sa-dhananjayah — with Dhananjaya (Arjuna); sah — He; taih — by them; vyarocata — appeared to be highly aristocratic; nrpah — the King (Yudhisthira); kuvera — Kuvera, the treasurer of the demigods; iva — as; guhyakaih — companions known as Guhyakas.

drstva — thus seeing; nipatitam — lying down; bhumau — on the ground; divah — from the sky; cyutam — fallen; iva — like; amaram — demigod; pranemuh — bowed down; pandavah — the sons of Pandu; bhismam — unto Bhisma; sa-anugah — with the younger brothers; saha — also with; cakrina — the Lord (carrying the disc).

tatra — there; brahma-rsayah — rsis among the brahmanas; sarve — all; deva-rsayah — rsis among the demigods; ca — and; sattama — situated in the quality of goodness; raja-rsayah — rsis among the kings; ca — and; tatra — in that place; asan — were present; drastum — just to see; bharata — the descendants of King Bharata; pungavam — the chief of.

parvatah — Parvata Muni; naradah — Narada Muni; dhaumyah — Dhaumya; bhagavan — incarnation of Godhead; badarayanah — Vyasadeva; brhadasvah — Brhadasva; bharadvajah — Bharadvaja; sa-sisyah — along with disciples; renuka-sutah — Parasurama; vasisthah — Vasistha; indrapramadah — Indrapramada; tritah — Trita; grtsamadah — Grtsamada; asitah — Asita; kaksivan — Kaksivan; gautamah — Gautama; atrih — Atri; ca — and; kausikah — Kausika; atha — as well as; sudarsanah — Sudarsana.

anye — many others; ca — also; munayah — sages; brahman — O brahmanas; brahmarata — Sukadeva Gosvami; adayah — and such others; amalah — completely purified; sisyaih — by the disciples; upetah — accompanied; ajagmuh — arrived; kasyapa — Kasyapa; angirasa — Angirasa; adayah — others.

tan — all of them; sametan — assembled together; maha-bhagan — all greatly powerful; upalabhya — having received; vasu-uttamah — the best among the Vasus (Bhismadeva); pujayam asa — welcomed; dharma-jnah — one who knows religious principles; desa — place; kala — time; vibhaga-vit — one who knows the adjustment of place and time.

krsnam — unto Lord Sri Krsna; ca — also; tat — of Him; prabhava-jnah — the knower of the glories (Bhisma); asinam — sitting; jagat-isvaram — the Lord of the universe; hrdi-stham — situated in the heart; pujayam asa — worshiped; mayaya — by internal potency; upatta — manifested; vigraham — a form.

pandu — the late father of Maharaja Yudhisthira and his brothers; putran — the sons of; upasinan — sitting silently nearby; prasraya — being overtaken; prema — in feelings of love; sangatan — having gathered; abhyacasta — congratulated; anuraga — feelingly; asraih — by tears of ecstasy; andhibhutena — overwhelmed; caksusa — with his eyes.

aho — oh; kastam — what terrible sufferings; aho — oh; anyayyam — what terrible injustice; yat — because; yuyam — all of you good souls; dharma-nandanah — sons of religion personified; jivitum — to remain alive; na — never; arhatha — deserve; klistam — suffering; vipra — brahmanas; dharma — piety; acyuta — God; asrayah — being protected by.

samsthite — after the demise; ati-rathe — of the great general; pandau — Pandu; prtha — Kunti; bala-praja — having young children; vadhuh — my daughter-in-law; yusmat-krte — on your account; bahun — multifarious; klesan — afflictions; prapta — underwent; toka-vati — in spite of having grown-up boys; muhuh — constantly.

sarvam — all this; kala-krtam — done by inevitable time; manye — I think; bhavatam ca — for you also; yat — whatever; apriyam — detestable; sa-palah — with the rulers; yat-vase — under the control of that time; lokah — everyone in every planet; vayoh — the wind carries; iva — as; ghana-avalih — a line of clouds.
yatra — where there is; dharma-sutah — the son of Dharmaraja; raja — the King; gada-panih — with his mighty club in hand; vrkodarah — Bhima; krsnah — Arjuna; astri — carrier of the weapon; gandivam — Gandiva; capam — bow; suhrt — well-wisher; krsnah — Lord Krsna, the Personality of Godhead; tatah — thereof; vipat — reverse.
na — never; hi — certainly; asya — His; karhicit — whatsoever; rajan — O King; puman — anyone; veda — knows; vidhitsitam — plan; yat — which; vijijnasaya — with exhaustive inquiries; yuktah — being engaged; muhyanti — bewildered; kavayah — great philosophers; api — even; hi — certainly.
tasmat — therefore; idam — this; daiva-tantram — enchantment of providence only; vyavasya — ascertaining; bharata-rsabha — O best among the descendants of Bharata; tasya — by Him; anuvihitah — as desired; anathah — helpless; natha — O master; pahi — just take care of; prajah — of the subjects; prabho — O Lord.
esah — this; vai — positively; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; saksat — original; adyah — the first; narayanah — the Supreme Lord (who lies down on the water); puman — the supreme enjoyer; mohayan — bewildering; mayaya — by His self-created energy; lokam — the planets; gudhah — who is inconceivable; carati — moves; vrsnisu — among the Vrsni family.
asya — of Him; anubhavam — glories; bhagavan — the most powerful; veda — knows; guhya-tamam — very confidentially; sivah — Lord Siva; deva-rsih — the great sage among the demigods; naradah — Narada; saksat — directly; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; kapilah — Kapila; nrpa — O King.
yam — the person; manyase — you think; matuleyam — maternal cousin; priyam — very dear; mitram — friend; suhrt-tamam — ardent well-wisher; akaroh — executed; sacivam — counsel; dutam — messenger; sauhrdat — by good will; atha — thereupon; sarathim — charioteer.
sarva-atmanah — of one who is present in everyone’s heart; sama-drsah — of one who is equally kind to one and all; hi — certainly; advayasya — of the Absolute; anahankrteh — free from all material identity of false ego; tat-krtam — everything done by Him; mati — consciousness; vaisamyam — differentiation; niravadyasya — freed from all attachment; na — never; kvacit — at any stage.
tathapi — still; ekanta — unflinching; bhaktesu — unto the devotees; pasya — see here; bhu-pa — O King; anukampitam — how sympathetic; yat — for which; me — my; asun — life; tyajatah — ending; saksat — directly; krsnah — the Personality of Godhead; darsanam — in my view; agatah — has kindly come.
bhaktya — with devout attention; avesya — meditating; manah — mind; yasmin — in whose; vaca — by words; yat — Krsna; nama — holy name; kirtayan — by chanting; tyajan — quitting; kalevaram — this material body; yogi — the devotee; mucyate — gets release; kama-karmabhih — from fruitive activities.
sah — He; deva-devah — the Supreme Lord of the lords; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; pratiksatam — may kindly wait; kalevaram — body; yavat — as long as; idam — this (material body); hinomi — may quit; aham — I; prasanna — cheerful; hasa — smiling; aruna-locana — eyes red like the morning sun; ullasat — beautifully decorated; mukha-ambujah — the lotus flower of His face; dhyana-pathah — in the path of my meditation; catur-bhujah — the four-handed form of Narayana (the worshipable Deity of Bhismadeva).
sutah uvaca — Sri Suta Gosvami said; yudhisthirah — King Yudhisthira; tat — that; akarnya — hearing; sayanam — lying down; sara-panjare — on the bed of arrows; aprcchat — asked; vividhan — multifarious; dharman — duties; rsinam — of the rsis; ca — and; anusrnvatam — hearing after.
purusa — the human being; sva-bhava — by his own acquired qualities; vihitan — prescribed; yatha — according to; varnam — classification of castes; yatha — according to; asramam — orders of life; vairagya — detachment; raga — attachment; upadhibhyam — out of such designations; amnata — systematically; ubhaya — both; laksanan — symptoms.
dana-dharman — the acts of charity; raja-dharman — pragmatic activities of the kings; moksa-dharman — the acts for salvation; vibhagasah — by divisions; stri-dharman — duties of women; bhagavat-dharman — the acts of the devotees; samasa — generally; vyasa — explicitly; yogatah — by means of.

# varna-sankara
unwanted children known as
dharma — occupational duties; artha — economic development; kama — fulfillment of desires; moksan — ultimate salvation; ca — and; saha — along with; upayan — means; yatha — as it is; mune — O sage; nana — various; akhyana — by recitation of historical narrations; itihasesu — in the histories; varnayam asa — described; tattva-vit — one who knows the truth.
pravadatah — while describing; tasya — his; sah — that; kalah — time; pratyupasthitah — exactly appeared; yah — that is; yoginah — for the mystics; chanda-mrtyoh — of one who dies according to one’s own selection of time; vanchitah — is desired by; tu — but; uttarayanah — the period when the sun runs on the northern horizon.
tada — at that time; upasamhrtya — withdrawing; girah — speech; sahasranih — Bhismadeva (who was expert in thousands of sciences and arts); vimukta-sangam — completely freed from everything else; manah — mind; adi-puruse — unto the original Personality of Godhead; krsne — unto Krsna; lasat-pita-pate — decorated with yellow garments; catur-bhuje — unto the four-handed original Narayana; purah — just before; sthite — standing; amilita — widespread; drk — vision; vyadharayat — fixed.
visuddhaya — by purified; dharanaya — meditation; hata-asubhah — one who has minimized the inauspicious qualities of material existence; tat — Him; iksaya — by looking on; eva — simply; asu — immediately; gata — having gone away; yudha — from the arrows; sramah — fatigue; nivrtta — being stopped; sarva — all; indriya — senses; vrtti — activities; vibhramah — being widely engaged; tustava — he prayed; janyam — the material tabernacle; visrjan — while quitting; janardanam — to the controller of the living beings.
sri-bhismah uvaca — Sri Bhismadeva said; iti — thus; matih — thinking, feeling and willing; upakalpita — invested; vitrsna — freed from all sense desires; bhagavati — unto the Personality of Godhead; satvata-pungave — unto the leader of the devotees; vibhumni — unto the great; sva-sukham — self-satisfaction; upagate — unto Him who has attained it; kvacit — sometimes; vihartum — out of transcendental pleasure; prakrtim — in the material world; upeyusi — do accept it; yat-bhava — from whom the creation; pravahah — is made and annihilated.
tri-bhuvana — three statuses of planetary systems; kamanam — the most desirable; tamala-varnam — bluish like the tamala tree; ravi-kara — sun rays; gaura — golden color; varambaram — glittering dress; dadhane — one who wears; vapuh — body; alaka-kula-avrta — covered with paintings of sandalwood pulp; anana-abjam — face like a lotus; vijaya-sakhe — unto the friend of Arjuna; ratih astu — may attraction be reposed upon Him; me — my; anavadya — without desire for fruitive results.
vijaya-sakhe (friend of Arjuna)
yudhi — on the battlefield; turaga — horses; rajah — dust; vidhumra — turned an ashen color; visvak — waving; kaca — hair; lulita — scattered; sramavari — perspiration; alankrta — decorated with; asye — unto the face; mama — my; nisita — sharp; saraih — by the arrows; vibhidyamana — pierced by; tvaci — in the skin; vilasat — enjoying pleasure; kavace — protecting armor; astu — let there be; krsne — unto Sri Krsna; atma — mind.
sapadi — on the battlefield; sakhi-vacah — command of the friend; nisamya — after hearing; madhye — in the midst; nija — His own; parayoh — and the opposite party; balayoh — strength; ratham — chariot; nivesya — having entered; sthitavati — while staying there; para-sainika — of the soldiers on the opposite side; ayuh — duration of life; aksna — by looking over; hrtavati — act of diminishing; partha — of Arjuna, son of Prtha (Kunti); sakhe — unto the friend; ratih — intimate relation; mama — my; astu — let there be.
vyavahita — standing at a distance; prtana — soldiers; mukham — faces; niriksya — by looking upon; sva-jana — kinsmen; vadhat — from the act of killing; vimukhasya — one who is reluctant; dosa-buddhya — by polluted intelligence; kumatim — poor fund of knowledge; aharat — eradicated; atma-vidyaya — by transcendental knowledge; yah — He who; carana — to the feet; ratih — attraction; paramasya — of the Supreme; tasya — for Him; me — my; astu — let there be.
sita — sharp; visikha — arrows; hatah — wounded by; visirna-damsah — scattered shield; ksataja — by wounds; pariplutah — smeared with blood; atatayinah — the great aggressor; me — my; prasabham — in an angry mood; abhisasara — began to move on; mat-vadha-artham — for the purpose of killing me; sah — He; bhavatu — may become; me — my; bhagavan — the Personality of Godhead; gatih — destination; mukundah — who awards salvation.
vijaya — Arjuna; ratha — chariot; kutumbe — the object of protection at all risk; atta-totre — with a whip in the right hand; dhrta-haya — controlling the horses; rasmini — ropes; tat-sriya — beautifully standing; iksaniye — to look at; bhagavati — unto the Personality of Godhead; ratih astu — let my attraction be; me — my; mumursoh — one who is about to die; yam — upon whom; iha — in this world; niriksya — by looking; hatah — those who died; gatah — attained; sva-rupam — original form.
lalita — attractive; gati — movements; vilasa — fascinating acts; valguhasa — sweet smiling; pranaya — loving; niriksana — looking upon; kalpita — mentality; urumanah — highly glorified; krta-manu-krta-vatyah — in the act of copying the movements; unmada-andhah — gone mad in ecstasy; prakrtim — characteristics; agan — underwent; kila — certainly; yasya — whose; gopa-vadhvah — the cowherd damsels.
muni-gana — the great learned sages; nrpa-varya — the great ruling kings; sankule — in the great assembly of; antah-sadasi — conference; yudhisthira — of Emperor Yudhisthira; raja-suye — a royal performance of sacrifice; esam — of all the great elites; arhanam — respectful worship; upapeda — received; iksaniyah — the object of attraction; mama — my; drsi — sight; gocarah — within the view of; esah avih — personally present; atma — the soul.
tam — that Personality of Godhead; imam — now present before me; aham — I; ajam — the unborn; sarira-bhajam — of the conditioned soul; hrdi — in the heart; hrdi — in the heart; dhisthitam — situated; atma — the Supersoul; kalpitanam — of the speculators; pratidrsam — in every direction; iva — like; na ekadha — not one; arkam — the sun; ekam — one only; samadhi-gatah asmi — I have undergone trance in meditation; vidhuta — being freed from; bheda-mohah — misconception of duality.
sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami said; krsne — Lord Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead; evam — only; bhagavati — unto Him; manah — with mind; vak — speech; drsti — sight; vrttibhih — activities; atmani — unto the Supersoul; atmanam — the living being; avesya — having merged in; sah — he; antah-svasah — inhaling; uparamat — became silent.
sampadyamanam — having merged into; ajnaya — after knowing this; bhismam — about Sri Bhismadeva; brahmani — into the Supreme Absolute; niskale — unlimited; sarve — all present; babhuvuh te — all of them became; tusnim — silent; vayamsi iva — like birds; dina-atyaye — at the end of the day.
tatra — thereafter; dundubhayah — drums; neduh — were sounded; deva — the demigods from other planets; manava — men from all countries; vaditah — beaten by; sasamsuh — praised; sadhavah — honest; rajnam — by the royal order; khat — from the sky; petuh — began to fall; puspa-vrstayah — showers of flowers.
tasya — his; nirharana-adini — funeral ceremony; samparetasya — of the dead body; bhargava — O descendant of Bhrgu; yudhisthirah — Maharaja Yudhisthira; karayitva — having performed it; muhurtam — for a moment; duhkhitah — sorry; abhavat — became.
tustuvuh — satisfied; munayah — the great sages, headed by Vyasadeva, etc.; hrstah — all in a happy mood; krsnam — unto Lord Krsna, the Personality of Godhead; tat — His; guhya — confidential; namabhih — by His holy name, etc.; tatah — thereafter; te — they; krsna-hrdayah — persons who always bear Lord Krsna in their hearts; sva-asraman — to their respective hermitages; prayayuh — returned; punah — again.
tatah — thereafter; yudhisthirah — Maharaja Yudhisthira; gatva — going there; saha — with; krsnah — the Lord; gajahvayam — in the capital named Gajahvaya Hastinapura; pitaram — unto his uncle (Dhrtarastra); santvayam asa — consoled; gandharim — the wife of Dhrtarastra; ca — and; tapasvinim — an ascetic lady.
pitra — by his uncle, Dhrtarastra; ca — and; anumatah — with his approval; raja — King Yudhisthira; vasudeva-anumoditah — confirmed by Lord Sri Krsna; cakara — executed; rajyam — the kingdom; dharmena — in compliance with the codes of royal principles; pitr — father; paitamaham — forefather; vibhuh — as great as.
hatva — after killing; svariktha — the legal inheritance; sprdhah — desiring to usurp; atatayinah — the aggressor; yudhisthirah — King Yudhisthira; dharma-bhrtam — of those who strictly follow religious principles; varisthah — greatest; saha-anujaih — with his younger brothers; pratyavaruddha — restricted; bhojanah — acceptance of necessities; katham — how; pravrttah — engaged; kim — what; akarasit — executed; tatah — thereafter.
sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami replied; vamsam — dynasty; kuroh — of King Kuru; vamsa-dava-agni — a forest fire set by the bamboos; nirhrtam — exhausted; samrohayitva — seedling of the dynasty; bhava-bhavanah — the maintainer of creation; harih — the Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna; nivesayitva — having reestablished; nija-rajye — in his own kingdom; isvarah — the Supreme Lord; yudhisthiram — unto Maharaja Yudhisthira; prita-manah — pleased in His mind; babhuva ha — became.
nisamya — after listening; bhisma-uktam — what was spoken by Bhismadeva; atha — as also; acyuta-uktam — what was spoken by the infallible Lord Krsna; pravrtta — being engaged in; vijnana — perfect knowledge; vidhuta — completely washed; vibhramah — all misgivings; sasasa — ruled over; gam — the earth; indra — the king of the heavenly planet; iva — like; ajita-asrayah — protected by the invincible Lord; paridhi-upantam — including the seas; anuja — the younger brothers; anuvartitah — being followed by them.
nadyah — rivers; samudrah — oceans; girayah — hills and mountains; savanaspati — vegetables; virudhah — creepers; phalanti — active; osadhayah — drugs; sarvah — all; kamam — necessities; anvrtu — seasonal; tasya — for the King; vai — certainly.
kamam — everything needed; vavarsa — was showered; parjanyah — rains; sarva — everything; kama — necessities; dugha — producer; mahi — the land; sisicuh sma — moisten; vrajan — pasturing grounds; gavah — the cow; payasa udhasvatih — due to swollen milk bags; muda — because of a joyful attitude.
usitva — staying; hastinapure — in the city of Hastinapura; masan — months; katipayan — a few; harih — Lord Sri Krsna; suhrdam — relatives; ca — also; visokaya — for pacifying them; svasuh — the sister; ca — and; priya-kamyaya — for pleasing.
amantrya — taking permission; ca — and; abhyanujnatah — being permitted; parisvajya — embracing; abhivadya — bowing down at the feet; tam — unto Maharaja Yudhisthira; aruroha — ascended; ratham — the chariot; kaiscit — by someone; parisvaktah — being embraced; abhivaditah — being offered obeisances.
subhadra — the sister of Krsna; draupadi — the wife of the Pandavas; kunti — the mother of the Pandavas; virata-tanaya — the daughter of Virata (Uttara); tatha — also; gandhari — the mother of Duryodhana; dhrtarastrah — the father of Duryodhana; ca — and; yuyutsuh — the son of Dhrtarastra by his vaisya wife; gautamah — Krpacarya; yamau — the twin brothers Nakula and Sahadeva; vrkodarah — Bhima; ca — and; dhaumyah — Dhaumya; ca — and; striyah — also other ladies of the palace; matsya-suta-adayah — the daughter of a fisherman (Satyavati, Bhisma’s stepmother); na — could not; sehire — tolerate; vimuhyantah — almost fainting; viraham — separation; sarnga-dhanvanah — of Sri Krsna, who bears a conch in His hand.
sat-sangat — by the association of pure devotees; mukta-duhsangah — freed from bad materialistic association; hatum — to give up; na utsahate — never attempts; budhah — one who has understood the Lord; kirtyamanam — glorifying; yasah — fame; yasya — whose; sakrt — once only; akarnya — hearing only; rocanam — pleasing; tasmin — unto Him; nyasta-dhiyah — one who has given his mind unto Him; parthah — the sons of Prtha; saheran — can tolerate; viraham — separation; katham — how; darsana — seeing face to face; sparsa — touching; samlapa — conversing; sayana — sleeping; asana — sitting; bhojanaih — dining together.
sarve — all; te — they; animisaih — without twinkling of the eyes; aksaih — by the eye; tam anu — after Him; druta-cetasah — melted heart; viksantah — looking upon Him; sneha-sambaddhah — bound by pure affection; viceluh — began to move; tatra tatra — here and there; ha — so they did.
nyarundhan — checking with great difficulty; udgalat — overflowing; baspam — tears; autkanthyat — because of great anxiety; devaki-sute — unto the son of Devaki; niryati — having come out; agarat — from the palace; nah — not; abhadram — inauspiciousness; iti — thus; syat — may happen; bandhava — relative; striyah — ladies.
mrdanga — sweet sounding drum; sankha — conchshell; bheryah — brass band; ca — and; vina — string band; panava — a kind of flute; gomukhah — another flute; dhundhuri — another drum; anaka — kettle; ghanta — bell; adyah — others; neduh — sounded; dundubhayah — other different types of drums; tatha — at that time.
prasada — palace; sikhara — the roof; arudhah — ascending; kuru-naryah — the ladies of the Kuru royalty; didrksaya — seeing; vavrsuh — showered; kusumaih — by flowers; krsnam — upon Lord Krsna; prema — out of affection and love; vrida-smita-iksanah — glancing with shy smiles.
# parda
restricted association with men, Srimad-Bhagavatam 1
sita-atapatram — soothing umbrella; jagraha — took up; mukta-dama — decorated with laces and pearls; vibhusitam — embroidered; ratna-dandam — with a handle of jewels; gudakesah — Arjuna, the expert warrior, or one who has conquered sleep; priyah — most beloved; priyatamasya — of the most beloved; ha — so he did.
uddhavah — a cousin-brother of Krsna’s; satyakih — His driver; ca — and; eva — certainly; vyajane — engaged in fanning; parama-adbhute — decorative; vikiryamanah — seated on scattered; kusumaih — flowers all around; reje — commanded; madhu-patih — the master of Madhu (Krsna); pathi — on the road.
asruyanta — being heard; asisah — benediction; satyah — all truths; tatra — here; tatra — there; dvija-iritah — sounded by learned brahmanas; na — not; anurupa — befitting; anurupah — fitting; ca — also; nirgunasya — of the Absolute; guna-atmanah — playing the role of a human being.
# Makhana-cora, butter thief
anyonyam — among each other; asit — there was; sanjalpah — talking; uttama-sloka — the Supreme, who is praised by selected poetry; cetasam — of those whose hearts are absorbed in that way; kaurava-indra — the king of the Kurus; pura — capital; strinam — all the ladies; sarva — all; sruti — the Vedas; manah-harah — attractive to the mind.
sah — He (Krsna); vai — as I remember; kila — definitely; ayam — this; purusah — Personality of Godhead; puratanah — the original; yah — who; ekah — only one; asit — existed; avisesah — materially unmanifested; atmani — own self; agre — before creation; gunebhyah — of the modes of nature; jagat-atmani — unto the Supersoul; isvare — unto the Supreme Lord; nimilita — merged into; atman — the living entity; nisi supta — inactive at night; saktisu — of the energies.
sah — He; eva — thus; bhuyah — again; nija — own personal; virya — potency; coditam — performance of; sva — own; jiva — living being; mayam — external energy; prakrtim — unto material nature; sisrksatim — while re-creating; anama — without mundane designation; rupa-atmani — forms of the soul; rupa-namani — forms and names; vidhitsamanah — desiring to award; anusasara — entrusted; sastra-krt — the compiler of revealed scripture.
sah — He; vai — by providence; ayam — this; yat — that which; padam atra — here is the same Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna; surayah — great devotees; jita-indriyah — who have overcome the influence of the senses; nirjita — thoroughly controlled; matarisvanah — life; pasyanti — can see; bhakti — by dint of devotional service; utkalita — developed; amala-atmana — those whose minds are thoroughly cleansed; nanu esah — certainly by this only; sattvam — existence; parimarstum — for purifying the mind completely; arhati — deserve.
sah — He; vai — also; ayam — this; sakhi — O my friend; anugita — described; sat-kathah — the excellent pastimes; vedesu — in the Vedic literatures; guhyesu — confidentially; ca — as also; guhya-vadibhih — by the confidential devotees; yah — one who; ekah — one only; isah — the supreme controller; jagat — of the complete creation; atma — Supersoul; lilaya — by manifestation of pastimes; srjati — creates; avati atti — also maintains and annihilates; na — never; tatra — there; sajjate — becomes attached to it.
yada — whenever; hi — assuredly; adharmena — against the principles of God’s will; tamah-dhiyah — persons in the lowest material modes; nrpah — kings and administrators; jivanti — live like animals; tatra — thereupon; esah — He; hi — only; sattvatah — transcendental; kila — certainly; dhatte — is manifested; bhagam — supreme power; satyam — truth; rtam — positiveness; dayam — mercy; yasah — wonderful activities; bhavaya — for the maintenance; rupani — in various forms; dadhat — manifested; yuge — different periods; yuge — and ages.
aho — oh; alam — verily; slaghya-tamam — supremely glorified; yadoh — of King Yadu; kulam — dynasty; aho — oh; alam — verily; punya-tamam — supremely virtuous; madhoh vanam — the land of Mathura; yat — because; esah — this; pumsam — of all the living beings; rsabhah — supreme leader; sriyah — of the goddess of fortune; patih — husband; sva-janmana — by His appearance; cankramanena — by crawling; ca ancati — glories.
aho bata — how wonderful this is; svah-yasasah — the glories of the heavenly planets; tiraskari — that which defeats; kusasthali — Dvaraka; punya — virtue; yasaskari — famous; bhuvah — the planet earth; pasyanti — see; nityam — constantly; yat — that which; anugraha-isitam — to bestow benediction; smita-avalokam — glance with the favor of sweet smiling; sva-patim — unto the soul of the living being (Krsna); sma — used to; yat-prajah — the inhabitants of the place.
nunam — certainly in the previous birth; vrata — vow; snana — bath; huta — sacrifice in the fire; adina — by all these; isvarah — the Personality of Godhead; samarcitah — perfectly worshiped; hi — certainly; asya — His; grhita-panibhih — by the married wives; pibanti — relishes; yah — those who; sakhi — O friend; adhara-amrtam — the nectar from His lips; muhuh — again and again; vraja-striyah — the damsels of Vrajabhumi; sammumuhuh — often fainted; yat-asayah — expecting to be favored in that way.
ya — the lady; virya — prowess; sulkena — by payment of the price; hrtah — taken away by force; svayamvare — in the open selection of the bridegroom; pramathya — harassing; caidya — King Sisupala; pramukhan — headed by; hi — positively; susminah — all very powerful; pradyumna — Pradyumna (Krsna’s son); samba — Samba; amba — Amba; suta-adayah — children; aparah — other ladies; yah — those; ca — also; ahrtah — similarly brought; bhauma-vadhe — after killing kings; sahasrasah — by the thousands.
etah — all these women; param — highest; stritvam — womanhood; apastapesalam — without individuality; nirasta — without; saucam — purity; bata sadhu — auspiciously glorified; kurvate — do they make; yasam — from whose; grhat — homes; puskara-locanah — the lotus-eyed; patih — husband; na jatu — never at any time; apaiti — goes away; ahrtibhih — by presentation; hrdi — in the heart; sprsan — endeared.
evamvidhah — in this way; gadantinam — thus praying and talking about Him; sah — He (the Lord); girah — of words; pura-yositam — of the ladies of the capital; niriksanena — by His grace of glancing over them; abhinandan — and greeting them; sa-smitena — with a smiling face; yayau — departed; harih — the Personality of Godhead.
ajata-satruh — Maharaja Yudhisthira, who was no one’s enemy; prtanam — defensive forces; gopithaya — for giving protection; madhu-dvisah — of the enemy of Madhu (Sri Krsna); parebhyah — from others (enemies); sankitah — being afraid of; snehat — out of affection; prayunkta — engaged; catuh-anginim — four defensive divisions.
# madhu-dvisah — of the enemy of Madhu (Sri Krsna)
atha — thus; duragatan — having accompanied Him for a long distance; saurih — Lord Krsna; kauravan — the Pandavas; virahaturan — overwhelmed by a sense of separation; sannivartya — politely persuaded; drdham — determined; snigdhan — full of affection; prayat — proceeded; sva-nagarim — towards His own city (Dvaraka); priyaih — with dear companions.
kuru-jangala — the province of Delhi; pancalan — part of the province Punjab; surasenan — part of the province of Uttar Pradesh; sa — with; yamunan — the districts on the bank of the Yamuna; brahmavartam — part of northern Uttar Pradesh; kuruksetram — the place where the battle was fought; matsyan — the province Matsya; sarasvatan — part of Punjab; atha — and so on; maru — Rajasthan, the land of deserts; dhanvam — Madhya Pradesh, where water is very scanty; ati-kramya — after passing; sauvira — Saurastra; abhirayoh — part of Gujarat; paran — western side; anartan — the province of Dvaraka; bhargava — O Saunaka; upagat — overtaken by; sranta — fatigue; vahah — the horses; manak vibhuh — slightly, because of the long journey.
tatra tatra — at different places; ha — it so happened; tatratyaih — by local inhabitants; harih — the Personality of Godhead; pratyudyata-arhanah — being offered presentations and worshipful regards; sayam — the evening; bheje — having overtaken; disam — direction; pascat — eastern; gavisthah — the sun in the sky; gam — to the ocean; gatah — having gone; tada — at that time.
sutah uvaca — Suta Gosvami said; anartan — the country known as Anartan (Dvaraka); sah — He; upavrajya — reaching the border of; svrddhan — most prosperous; jana-padan — city; svakan — His own; dadhmau — sounded; daravaram — the auspicious conchshell (Pancajanya); tesam — of them; visadam — dejection; samayan — pacifying; iva — seemingly.
sah — that; uccakase — became brilliant; dhavala-udarah — white and fat-boweled; darah — conchshell; api — although it is so; urukramasya — of the great adventurer; adharasona — by the transcendental quality of His lips; sonima — reddened; dadhmayamanah — being sounded; kara-kanja-sampute — being caught by the grip of the lotus hand; yatha — as it is; abja-khande — by the stems of lotus flowers; kala-hamsah — ducking swan; utsvanah — loudly sounding.

# Svetadvipa.
White Land

Post view 687 times

Share/Cuota/Condividi:

Cookie	Duration	Description
_ga	2 years	The _ga cookie, installed by Google Analytics, calculates visitor, session and campaign data and also keeps track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookie stores information anonymously and assigns a randomly generated number to recognize unique visitors.
_gid	1 day	Installed by Google Analytics, _gid cookie stores information on how visitors use a website, while also creating an analytics report of the website's performance. Some of the data that are collected include the number of visitors, their source, and the pages they visit anonymously.
CONSENT	2 years	YouTube sets this cookie via embedded youtube-videos and registers anonymous statistical data.

Cookie	Duration	Description
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE	5 months 27 days	A cookie set by YouTube to measure bandwidth that determines whether the user gets the new or old player interface.
YSC	session	YSC cookie is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos on Youtube pages.
yt-remote-connected-devices	never	YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video.
yt-remote-device-id	never	YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Privacy & Cookie Policy